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Autoimmune Hepatitis

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A chronic self-perpetuating hepatocellular INFLAMMATION of unknown cause, usually with HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA and serum AUTOANTIBODIES.

Also Known As:

Hepatitis, Autoimmune; Autoimmune Chronic Hepatitides; Autoimmune Hepatitides; Chronic Hepatitides, Autoimmune; Chronic Hepatitis, Autoimmune; Hepatitides, Autoimmune; Hepatitides, Autoimmune Chronic; Hepatitis, Autoimmune Chronic; Autoimmune Chronic Hepatitis

Networked: 2106 relevant articles (110 outcomes, 131 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Biliary Liver Cirrhosis (Primary Biliary Cirrhosis)
2.	Liver Diseases (Liver Disease)
3.	Liver Failure
4.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis)
5.	Chronic Hepatitis (Chronic Active Hepatitis)

Experts

1.	Czaja, Albert J: 59 articles (10/2015 - 02/2002)
2.	Mieli-Vergani, Giorgina: 43 articles (02/2016 - 01/2002)
3.	Vergani, Diego: 43 articles (02/2016 - 03/2002)
4.	Manns, Michael P: 28 articles (04/2015 - 01/2002)
5.	Lohse, Ansgar W: 27 articles (03/2016 - 02/2002)
6.	Bogdanos, Dimitrios P: 21 articles (10/2015 - 03/2002)
7.	Alvarez, Fernando: 20 articles (11/2015 - 04/2002)
8.	Muratori, Luigi: 19 articles (01/2015 - 07/2002)
9.	Johanet, Catherine: 18 articles (10/2013 - 09/2002)
10.	Strassburg, Christian P: 17 articles (11/2013 - 01/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Autoimmune Hepatitis:

1.	Azathioprine (Imuran)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2012 - "Azathioprine (AZA) is used to maintain remission in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), but up to 18% of patients are unresponsive. " 10/01/2012 - "Clinical significance of azathioprine metabolites for the maintenance of remission in autoimmune hepatitis." 10/01/2007 - "Re: Azathioprine monotherapy for maintenance of remission in pediatric patients with autoimmune hepatitis." 09/01/2006 - "Azathioprine monotherapy for maintenance of remission in pediatric patients with autoimmune hepatitis." 02/01/2006 - "In > 80% of patients with autoimmune hepatitis, steroid therapy alone or in combination with azathioprine results in disease remission. "
2.	Prednisone (Sone)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1998 - "Under diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis, they have been treated with prednisone followed by a significant clinical improvement. " 07/01/1999 - "Prednisone withdrawal advocates: beware of recurrent autoimmune hepatitis." 04/01/1996 - "The diagnosis of AIH was supported by using the scoring system, recently developed by the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group and the excellent response to treatment with prednisone. " 09/01/1999 - "Successful withdrawal of prednisone after adult liver transplantation for autoimmune hepatitis." 09/01/2006 - "She had been on prednisone for 9 years for autoimmune hepatitis and had earlier exposure to tuberculosis. "
3.	Cyclosporine (Ciclosporin)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2001 - "In conclusion, low-dose cyclosporin A appears to be safe and effective even in treatment-naive autoimmune hepatitis patients. " 05/01/2000 - "A murine model of PBC will be useful in studying mechanisms of autoreactivity, and cyclosporine has shown promise in the treatment of children with autoimmune hepatitis. " 09/01/2012 - "Cyclosporine induced biochemical remission in childhood autoimmune hepatitis." 07/01/1999 - "Efficacy of cyclosporin A in children with type 2 autoimmune hepatitis." 02/01/1999 - "Cyclosporine induced the biochemical remission of the hepatic inflammatory/necrotic process in children with autoimmune hepatitis, with few and well-tolerated adverse effects."
4.	Prednisolone (Predate)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1990 - "Among the DR4-positive patients with autoimmune hepatitis, no significant differences were seen between those positive or negative for Bw54 with regard to clinical or laboratory data, relapse of disease or efficacy of prednisolone. " 01/01/2006 - "A retrospective cohort study involving 29 Japanese patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) was performed to clarify factors that predict the efficacy of prednisolone and the occurrence of various serious adverse effects. " 01/01/1999 - "Her autoimmune hepatitis was relieved with conservative treatment, and her sensory-dominant neuropathy was alleviated by prednisolone therapy. " 09/01/1998 - "There is a clinical subgroup of autoimmune hepatitis type 1 that sustains remission with low-dose prednisolone alone. " 11/18/1982 - "Normal values were observed in 21 patients with "autoimmune" hepatitis in whom a remission had been induced and maintained by treatment with prednisolone. "
5.	AntibodiesIBA 12/01/1986 - "The diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis was based on the presence of characteristic lesions at the examination of the liver biopsy specimen, high titer of anti-smooth muscle antibodies in the serum, and remission obtained by steroid therapy. " 11/01/1996 - "Our aims were to determine 1) if testing for antibodies to actin is superior to testing for smooth muscle antibodies (SMA); 2) if these antibodies identify patients with distinctive clinical features; and 3) if the production of antibodies to actin is associated with genetic risk factors for autoimmune hepatitis. " 01/01/2013 - "A proper workup of laboratory investigations helped us diagnose autoimmune hepatitis with anticentromere antibodies. " 01/01/1992 - "To determine whether laboratory findings showing antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with autoimmune hepatitis represent false-positive results and to identify possible explanations for true-positive results in these patients. " 04/01/2007 - "Our study report a high frequency of antiphospholipids antibodies in autoimmune hepatitis patients. "
6.	Ursodeoxycholic Acid (Urso)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2009 - "This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) for Japanese patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). " 12/01/2009 - "Efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid for Japanese patients with autoimmune hepatitis." 12/01/1999 - "To evaluate the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid as adjunctive therapy in type 1 autoimmune hepatitis, 37 patients who had experienced treatment failure, repeated relapse, or incomplete response were randomized to ursodeoxycholic acid (13-15 mg/kg daily) or placebo for 6 months in addition to their usual corticosteroid schedule. " 05/01/1999 - "We recently reported that ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) improved liver function tests and immunoserological markers in patients with type I autoimmune hepatitis. " 05/01/1998 - "Efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid in Japanese patients with type 1 autoimmune hepatitis."
7.	Budesonide (Pulmicort)FDA LinkGeneric 03/07/2006 - "Budesonide induces complete remission in autoimmune hepatitis." 11/01/2000 - "Budesonide therapy was associated with a low frequency of remission and high occurrence of treatment failure and side effects in treatment-dependent autoimmune hepatitis. " 03/01/2012 - "The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of budesonide as an alternative first line treatment option for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and the overlap syndrome. " 02/01/2014 - "Studies with budesonide have shown positive effects of short-term combination therapy in selected patients with early stage disease and overlapping features of autoimmune hepatitis. " 11/01/2000 - "Our goals were to assess budesonide in patients with treatment-dependent autoimmune hepatitis and to determine if efficacy and safety justified a controlled trial. "
8.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 02/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate whether corticosteroids improve survival in fulminant autoimmune hepatitis, drug-induced, or indeterminate ALF, and whether this benefit varies according to the severity of illness. " 10/01/2015 - "Reply to "The role of corticosteroids in acute-severe autoimmune hepatitis is still highly debatable"." 10/01/2015 - "The role of corticosteroids in acute-severe autoimmune hepatitis is still highly debatable." 04/01/2015 - "Autoimmune hepatitis-related ALF may be too advanced to permit rescue with corticosteroids, which could be deleterious in the sickest patients. " 10/01/2014 - "Prognosis of acute severe autoimmune hepatitis (AS-AIH): the role of corticosteroids in modifying outcome."
9.	SteroidsIBA 01/01/2015 - "If the disease responds well to treatment, but recurs after tapering the steroids, the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis is confirmed. " 09/01/2012 - "Drug choices in autoimmune hepatitis: part A--Steroids." 09/01/2012 - "Autoimmune hepatitis: focusing on treatments other than steroids." 06/01/2010 - "Liver transplanted patients who received steroids before LT due to immunological disorders and patients with autoimmune hepatitis seem to be at particular high risk to develop PTLD. " 12/01/2009 - "Long-term treatment reduction and steroids withdrawal in children with autoimmune hepatitis: a single centre experience on 55 children."
10.	Primary sclerosing cholangitisIBA 08/01/2015 - "Among the 92 patients below 17 years of age, three had autoimmune hepatitis and three primary sclerosing cholangitis, summing up to a prevalence of 6.5% immune-mediated hepatobiliary diseases among the pediatric patients. " 01/01/2015 - "We report the case of a 14-year-old boy who was diagnosed with UC and thereafter autoimmune hepatitis with primary sclerosing cholangitis. " 12/01/2014 - "This retrospective study analyzes data of 79 consecutive patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and overlap syndrome, undergoing LT between 2001 and 2012. " 08/01/2014 - "Clinical presentation and histopathology of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) overlap syndrome (OS) are similar, but their management is different. " 08/01/2014 - "Autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis in children and adolescents."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Liver Transplantation 04/01/2012 - "Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for patients with end-stage acute and chronic autoimmune hepatitis. " 01/01/2013 - "In this study, we observed the unique phenomenon that the induction of transient de novo autoimmune hepatitis by Con A injection paradoxically overcomes the rejection without any immunosuppressive drug and exhibits significantly prolonged survival after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). " 08/01/2000 - "Liver transplantation for autoimmune hepatitis: a long-term pathologic study." 02/01/2015 - "Liver transplantation and autoimmune hepatitis." 01/01/2015 - "Autoimmune hepatitis develops in 10-20% of patients and successful liver transplantation has been reported in pediatric patients who failed immunosuppressive treatment. "
2.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 01/01/2010 - "In conclusion, immunosuppressive therapy for autoimmune hepatitis results in a favorable rate of remission and excellent progression-free survival, but the relapse rate after treatment withdrawal is high. " 07/01/2005 - "We observed a high relapse rate (54.5%) in this group of patients with autoimmune hepatitis, which was more frequent within the first 12 months after treatment withdrawal, in addition to a high number of patients that presented some degree of inflammatory activity despite the long period of clinical and laboratory remission." 07/01/2005 - "To assess treatment withdrawal in children and adolescents with autoimmune hepatitis, with clinical and laboratory remission for a minimum period of 24 months, determining the relapse rate after treatment withdrawal. " 03/01/2015 - "In autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), relapse rates as high as 90% have been reported after treatment withdrawal. " 03/01/2015 - "Patient selection based on treatment duration and liver biochemistry increases success rates after treatment withdrawal in autoimmune hepatitis."
3.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 12/01/2014 - "In our study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of BMSCs (bone mesenchymal stem cells) transplantation in mouse experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH) and explored the potential mechanism. " 11/01/2001 - "5. Most studies support recurrent autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) after transplantation based on clinical, biochemical, serological, and histological criteria. " 02/01/1999 - "Studies on transplanted patients may provide clinically useful data on factors influencing progression of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) since transplantation rather than death may now be considered as the most likely end-point of the disease. " 12/27/1998 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of recurrence and outcome of autoimmune hepatitis after transplantation. " 03/01/2013 - "Disease recurrence following transplantation occurs in 20-45% of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). "
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 08/01/2014 - "Current and prospective pharmacotherapy for autoimmune hepatitis." 10/01/2012 - "The nonstandard drug therapies emerging for autoimmune hepatitis reflect the need to supplement or supplant current treatment regimens. " 02/01/2006 - "Cost-effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for autoimmune hepatitis." 01/01/2012 - "Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) was the first chronic liver disease which responded favorably to drug therapy. " 09/01/2013 - "Effect of chemotherapy on autoimmune hepatitis in thymoma: a case report and literature review."
5.	Plasmapheresis 05/01/1989 - "[Severe autoimmune hepatitis: efficacy of plasmapheresis?]." 09/01/1993 - "Double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) therapy was administered to a patient with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)-systemic lupus erythematosus overlap. " 09/01/1993 - "Double filtration plasmapheresis in a patient with autoimmune hepatitis-systemic lupus erythematosus overlap." 01/01/2010 - "The diagnoses of tuberculosis, liver cirrhosis, and autoimmune hepatitis, systemic vasculitis were consecutively rejected; the diagnosis of rheumatoid polyarthritis with systemic manifestations was made, by taking into account persistent arthalgias with the minimum signs of arthritis, noticeably increased C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, and cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (CCPA); plasmapheresis, therapy with metipred and methotrexate, and subtotal pericardectomy were performed. "