HOME PRODUCTS SERVICES COMPANY CONTACT FAQ

Intracranial Hypertension

Subscribe to New Research on Intracranial Hypertension

Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This may result from several conditions, including HYDROCEPHALUS; BRAIN EDEMA; intracranial masses; severe systemic HYPERTENSION; PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI; and other disorders.

Also Known As:

Elevated ICP (Intracranial Pressure); Elevated Intracranial Pressure; ICP (Intracranial Pressure) Elevation; ICP (Intracranial Pressure) Increase; Intracranial Pressure Increase; Hypertension, Intracranial; ICP, Elevated (Intracranial Pressure); Intracranial Pressure, Elevated; Pressure Increase, Intracranial; Pressure, Elevated Intracranial

Networked: 1449 relevant articles (84 outcomes, 125 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Nervous System Diseases: 6158
- Central Nervous System Diseases: 1649
  - Brain Diseases: 2114
    - Intracranial Hypertension: 1449

Related Diseases

1.	Brain Injuries (Brain Injury)
2.	Coma (Comas)
3.	Stroke (Strokes)
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
5.	Craniocerebral Trauma (Head Injury)

Experts

1.	Jalan, Rajiv: 10 articles (06/2013 - 10/2002)
2.	Scalea, Thomas M: 8 articles (04/2014 - 09/2003)
3.	Larsen, Fin Stolze: 7 articles (09/2013 - 07/2004)
4.	Lin, Mao-Tsun: 7 articles (02/2008 - 05/2004)
5.	Kofke, W Andrew: 6 articles (06/2012 - 09/2007)
6.	Citerio, G: 6 articles (09/2008 - 03/2000)
7.	Citerio, Giuseppe: 5 articles (11/2015 - 11/2002)
8.	Cooper, D James: 5 articles (11/2015 - 09/2008)
9.	Robertson, Claudia S: 5 articles (11/2015 - 03/2002)
10.	Czosnyka, Marek: 5 articles (06/2015 - 01/2008)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Intracranial Hypertension:

1.	Mannitol (Osmitrol)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2000 - "Clinically both mannitol and hypertonic saline (HTS) have been used successfully to treat elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), although which therapy is superior is yet unclear. " 01/01/2012 - "In the present article I make the case that current evidence supports HTS, not mannitol, as the better choice for gold-standard therapy for medical management of intracranial hypertension. " 03/01/2011 - "We found that hypertonic saline is more effective than mannitol for the treatment of elevated intracranial pressure. " 06/01/2000 - "Mannitol is effective in reducing ICP, and its use is recommended as a guideline in the management of traumatic intracranial hypertension. " 07/01/1995 - "In this study, the fluid regimen was compared with hypertonic mannitol to investigate their therapeutic efficacy in intracranial hypertension. "
2.	barbituric acid (barbiturate)IBA 01/01/1983 - "Barbiturate administration has been beneficial in some cases of sustained, uncontrolled intracranial hypertension. " 10/01/1999 - "The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in cerebral hemodynamics of head-injured patients undergoing barbiturate treatment of refractory intracranial hypertension. " 06/01/1994 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of barbiturate therapy as an adjunctive treatment for control of intracranial hypertension when conventional methods failed. " 11/01/2008 - "Barbiturate infusion for intractable intracranial hypertension and its effect on brain oxygenation." 01/01/2008 - "Hyperflow along with intracranial hypertension, variably responsive to barbiturate therapy, was observed in all the patients by means of TCD and CEO2. "
3.	BarbituratesIBA 04/01/1983 - "Our experience suggests that barbiturates can be effective in lowering intracranial pressure in patients with otherwise unresponsive intracranial hypertension, and, by doing so, may decrease the mortality in a group of patients considered untreatable by the usual therapeutic modalities." 01/01/1989 - "Efficacy of barbiturates in the treatment of resistant intracranial hypertension in severely head-injured children." 01/01/1989 - "Efficacy of barbiturates in the treatment of resistant intracranial hypertension in severely head-injured children." 11/01/2008 - "Larger studies are needed to examine the relationship between barbiturates and cerebral oxygenation in brain-injured patients with refractory intracranial hypertension and to determine whether PbtO2 responses can help guide therapy." 06/01/1987 - "In this study, the mechanism of action of barbiturates was examined in dogs with intracranial hypertension induced by injecting autogenous incubated blood into the chiasmatic cistern. "
4.	3- (2- carboxypiperazin- 4- yl)propyl- 1- phosphonic acid (CPP)IBA 06/01/2011 - "Invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) monitoring were considered as the gold standard to measure intracranial hypertension (ICH). " 07/01/2009 - "The ICP was higher while CPP and compliance were lower whenever the basal cisterns were effaced in cases of cerebral oedema with Marshall III and IV. In comparison, the study revealed lower ICP, higher mean CPP and better mean cerebral compliance if the basal cisterns were opened or the post operative CT brain scan showed Marshall I and II. These findings suggested the surgical evacuation of clots to reduce the mass volume and restoration of brain anatomy may reduce vascular engorgement and cerebral oedema, therefore preventing intracranial hypertension, and improving cerebral perfusion pressure and cerebral compliance. " 01/01/2000 - "Some authors have suggested that CPP is more important in influencing outcome than is intracranial hypertension, a hypothesis that this study was designed to investigate. " 08/01/2015 - "Application of IPR for 240 min in a porcine model of intracranial hypertension (ICH) will increase CPP when compared with controls. " 01/01/2014 - "CPP-B and CPP-L events were significantly related to elevated intracranial pressure in all age groups. "
5.	Hypertonic Saline SolutionIBA 09/01/2002 - "Hypertonic saline solution (HSS) has been investigated in the treatment of intracranial hypertension (ICH) in a limited number of studies, usually after failure of conventional treatment. " 01/01/2011 - "Description of a continuous hypertonic saline solution (HSS) infusion using a dose-adaptation of natremia in traumatic brain injured (TBI) patients with refractory intracranial hypertension (ICH). " 09/01/2009 - "Hypertonic saline solutions are effective at reducing intracranial pressure in conditions causing acute intracranial hypertension. " 10/01/2007 - "This review aims to provide an update on recent knowledge gained on hypertonic saline solutions for the treatment of intracranial hypertension. " 10/01/2007 - "Hypertonic saline solutions for treatment of intracranial hypertension."
6.	Hetastarch (Pentastarch)FDA Link 10/01/2004 - "7.2% saline in 6% hydroxyethyl starch is an effective and safe therapy for intracranial hypertension after SAH. " 01/01/1997 - "The purpose of the present study was to test the efficacy of administration of HS (7.5%) combined with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (molecular weight 200.000/0.60-0.66; HHES) for the treatment of therapy-resistant intracranial hypertension in patients with severe TBI. " 01/01/1997 - "The purpose of the present study was to test the efficacy of administration of HS (7.5%) combined with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (molecular weight 200,000/0.60-0.66; HHES) for the treatment of intracranial hypertension refractory to standard therapy in patients with severe TBI. " 10/01/2004 - "Predictable reduction of intracranial hypertension with hypertonic saline hydroxyethyl starch: a prospective clinical trial in critically ill patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage." 03/01/2008 - "To observe the effect of hypertonic sodium chloride hydroxyethyl starch 40 injection (HSH) in treatment of acute intracranial hypertension complicated by hemorrhagic shock in dogs, and explore the mechanism of the effects of HSH. "
7.	Glycerol (Glycerine)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1982 - "Glycerol was found to be effective and safe when employed in this protocol and proved to be a valuable adjunct to the standard methods available for control of intracranial hypertension." 01/01/2004 - "Our study indicates that besides the measurement of serum osmolality and serum glycerol level, microdialysis may be an additional valuable tool to control glycerol therapy in patients with cerebral oedema and elevated intracranial pressure." 07/01/2015 - "Because of the beneficial effects of lumbar puncture, we decided to manage his symptoms of intracranial hypertension conservatively with repeated lumbar puncture and administration of glycerol. " 03/01/1983 - "Continuous measurement of pressure during intravenous administration of glycerol demonstrated that a significant fall of pressure preceded the regression of clinical signs of intracranial hypertension." 03/01/1982 - "Oral glycerol for the treatment of traumatic intracranial hypertension."
8.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 05/01/1991 - "Episodic exacerbations were accompanied by intracranial hypertension and were relieved by the administration of corticosteroids. " 04/13/1996 - "Corticosteroids were used to treat intracranial hypertension in 19 units. " 06/01/1981 - "The elevated intracranial pressure was apparently consequent to an abrupt reduction in circulating corticosteroids. " 03/24/1962 - "[Intracranial hypertension caused by corticosteroids]." 08/01/2001 - "After the placement of external ventricular drainage, symptoms of intracranial hypertension promptly improved, and other clinical and radiological abnormalities gradually resolved following intravenous injection of corticosteroids. "
9.	Ketamine FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1997 - "Studies in spontaneously ventilating pigs with and without intracranial hypertension have shown that racemic ketamine (0.5-5.0 mg/kg) produces increases in PaCO2 and ICP. " 12/01/2014 - "Ketamine is traditionally avoided in sedation management of patients with risk of intracranial hypertension. " 07/01/2009 - "In Group 2, when ketamine was administered to lower persistent intracranial hypertension, ICP decreased by 33% (from 26.0 +/- 9.1 to 17.5 +/- 9.1 mm Hg) (p < 0.0001) following ketamine administration. " 07/01/2009 - "Effectiveness of ketamine in decreasing intracranial pressure in children with intracranial hypertension." 09/01/2008 - "Racemic, S(+)- and R(-)-ketamine do not increase elevated intracranial pressure."
10.	OxygenIBA 09/01/2015 - "Intracranial hypertension and decreased partial brain oxygen tension (PbtO2) are targeted as potentially avoidable causes of morbidity. " 07/01/2010 - "These data suggest that cerebral regional oxygen saturation is lower with intracranial hypertension. " 07/01/2006 - "Cerebral microdialysis improves our understanding of acute neurological events such as intracranial hypertension or decrease in brain tissue oxygen pressure. " 04/01/2005 - "The management of the patient with increased intracranial pressure involves the maintenance of an adequate cerebral perfusion pressure, prevention of intracranial hypertension, and optimization of oxygen delivery. " 01/01/2002 - "Early detection of disturbances in oxygen supply-demand relationship and prevention or resolution of the secondary insults which produce these disturbances, might lead to a reduction in the incidence of intracranial hypertension."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Decompressive Craniectomy 11/01/2015 - "Decompressive craniectomy (DC) with duroplasty is the gold standard for refractory intracranial hypertension despite paucity of randomized controlled trials. " 01/01/2009 - "In this study, the authors investigated the clinical efficacy of decompressive craniectomy treatments for nontraumatic intracranial hypertension in children. " 01/01/2002 - "In nine patients, who underwent decompressive craniectomy for treatment of life-threatening intracranial hypertension, when the clinical conditions improved, just before cranioplasty, the blood flow velocities at middle cerebral artery (MCA) and at superior sagittal sinus (SSS) level were simultaneously recorded. " 12/01/2014 - "Furthermore, the results of a large, costly trial designed to further elucidate the role of decompressive craniectomy, an important surgical intervention in patients with severe TBI and medically-refractory intracranial hypertension, have limited applicability. " 10/01/2012 - "The object of this study was to determine if early cranioplasty after decompressive craniectomy for elevated intracranial pressure in children reduces complications. "
2.	Decompression 08/01/2015 - "However, if the obligatory lower threshold of 12 cm for DHC size and decompression to the temporal base are observed, a smaller craniectomy is equally effective in relieving intracranial hypertension. " 02/01/2004 - "External decompression can be an effective treatment for acute intracranial hypertension, but the cranial defect must be repaired. " 03/01/1984 - "External decompression is an effective treatment for acute intracranial hypertension, but the repair of cranial defect by cranioplasty is necessary sooner or later. " 12/01/2011 - "No doubt that intracranial hypertension and ventricular dilatation have to be investigated and treated before considering decompression. " 03/01/2009 - "We compared these tissues with 12 histologically normal temporal neocortex from intracranial hypertension patients who had decompression procedures. "
3.	Catheters 04/01/2008 - "It is effective in the prevention of catheter blockage, speeding the clearance of IVH, and it is associated with lower rate of intracranial hypertension and death." 01/01/2010 - "The study revealed a significant long-term reduction in ventricular catheter obstructions and hospitalizations due to intermittent intracranial hypertension symptoms (symptomatic SVS) after both primary and secondary ASD implantation. " 10/01/2015 - "Raised ICP is also known as intracranial hypertension and is defined as a sustained ICP of greater than 20 mm Hg. ICP must be measured through an invasive brain catheter, typically an external ventricular catheter that can drain CSF and measure ICP, or through an intraparenchymal ICP probe. " 01/01/2013 - "SCVC-related DVT independent risk factors were age>30 years, intracranial hypertension, massive transfusion (>10 packed red blood cell units), SCVC tip position in the internal jugular or in the innominate vein, and ipsilateral jugular catheter. " 07/21/2009 - "In addition to measuring various crucial parameters in real-time continuous formats, the newly developed device also works as an intraventricular catheter to lower the elevated intracranial pressure by draining cerebrospinal fluid."
4.	Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt 08/01/1995 - "A ventriculo-peritoneal shunt relieved the symptoms of intracranial hypertension. " 02/01/2015 - "At the same point in time both of them developed intracranial hypertension resistant to conservative therapy necessitating therefore ventriculoperitoneal shunt implantation. " 01/01/2014 - "In contrast, all 3 patients with intracranial hypertension and no parenchymal lesions receiving a ventriculoperitoneal shunt later than 48 h regained independence. " 11/16/2009 - "Nevertheless, because of the persistence of the symptoms of intracranial hypertension, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt had to be performed in this patient. " 04/01/2009 - "We present a case of a 66 year old woman with a double ventriculo-peritoneal shunt that was admitted to the emergency service with an intracranial hypertension syndrome. "
5.	Artificial Respiration (Mechanical Ventilation) 01/01/2015 - "Comprehensive treatment measures also included mechanical ventilation, vasoactive agents, and osmotic dehydrating agents to reduce the elevated intracranial pressure, improving cerebral metabolism and anti-infective therapy. " 01/01/2014 - "Mechanical ventilation contributing to refractory intracranial hypertension, a transcranial Doppler observation." 01/01/2013 - "Compared with non-restrictive group, the occurrence of respiratory dysfunction (46.7% vs. 76.7%), gastrointestinal dysfunction (33.3% vs. 60.0%) and the occurrence of intracranial hypertension (26.7% vs. 56.7%) at 7 days of treatment in restrictive group were decreased (all P<0.05), the time of mechanical ventilation (3.6±1.1 days vs. 5.1±1.5 days) and intensive care unit (ICU) stay time (5.5±1.5 days vs. 7.0±1.9 days) were shortened (both P<0.01). " 06/01/2012 - "The need for reoperation for persistent intracranial hypertension and duration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit stay were similar. " 01/01/2012 - "Mechanical ventilation, intracranial hypertension, neuromonitoring as underlying basics of neurocritical care approaches are discussed. "