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Heat Stress Disorders (Heat Cramp)

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A group of conditions that develop due to overexposure or overexertion in excessive environmental heat.

Also Known As:

Heat Cramp; Stress Disorders, Heat; Cramp, Heat; Cramps, Heat; Disorder, Heat Stress; Disorders, Heat Stress; Heat Stress Disorder; Heat Stress Syndrome; Stress Disorder, Heat; Stress Syndrome, Heat; Stress Syndromes, Heat; Syndrome, Heat Stress; Syndromes, Heat Stress; Heat Cramps; Heat Stress Syndromes

Networked: 9 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 1 trials/studies)

Disease Context: Research Results

Wounds and Injuries: 94065
- Heat Stress Disorders: 9
  - Heat Stroke: 463
  - Heat Exhaustion: 27

Related Diseases

1.	Muscle Cramp (Cramp)
2.	Hyponatremia
3.	Fatigue

Experts

1.	Toriscelli, T A: 1 article (11/2009)
2.	Lacambra, M: 1 article (11/2009)
3.	Eichner, E R: 1 article (11/2009)
4.	Horswill, C A: 1 article (11/2009)
5.	Stofan, J R: 1 article (11/2009)
6.	Murray, R: 1 article (11/2009)
7.	Bergeron, Michael F: 1 article (08/2007)
8.	Valentine, Verle: 1 article (07/2007)
9.	Horswill, Craig A: 1 article (12/2005)
10.	Stofan, John R: 1 article (12/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Heat Stress Disorders:

1.	SodiumIBA 12/01/2005 - "This observational study was designed to determine whether football players with a history of heat cramps have elevated fluid and sodium losses during training. " 11/01/2009 - "football players with a history of heat cramps were evaluated for the effect of physical training, sodium intake, and loss of sweat sodium on whole blood sodium concentration (BNa). " 12/01/2005 - "Sweat and sodium losses in NCAA football players: a precursor to heat cramps?" 03/01/1996 - "AH was ultimately able to eliminate heat cramps during competition and training by increasing his daily dietary intake of sodium." 03/01/1996 - "The combined effects of excessive and repeated fluid and sodium losses likely predisposed AH to heat cramps during play. "
2.	Urea (Carbamide)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2000 - "Urea and creatinine were significantly increased in miners with heat cramps compared with miners without this symptom (p < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in sodium concentration (p = 0.384). "
3.	Sodium Chloride (Saline Solution)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/2007 - "Sweat sodium, chloride, and fluid losses incurred during training and competition need to be closely matched by daily salt and fluid intake, in order to prevent an excessive sodium deficit, maintain sufficient fluid balance, and avoid exertional heat cramps."
4.	Hypotonic SolutionsIBA 07/01/2007 - "Fluid replacement with hypotonic solutions will lead to incomplete rehydration and possible complications such as hyponatremia, decreased performance, heat cramps, or other heat-related illness. "
5.	CreatinineIBA 03/01/2000 - "Urea and creatinine were significantly increased in miners with heat cramps compared with miners without this symptom (p < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in sodium concentration (p = 0.384). "
6.	Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)FDA Link 05/01/1956 - "[Several cases of heat cramp treated with chlorpromazine]."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Fluid Therapy (Oral Rehydration Therapy) 03/01/2003 - "Appropriate and sufficient salt and fluid intake will enhance rehydration and fluid distribution throughout a player's body, so that heat cramps can be completely averted, even during long matches in the most challenging environments." 07/01/2007 - "Fluid replacement with hypotonic solutions will lead to incomplete rehydration and possible complications such as hyponatremia, decreased performance, heat cramps, or other heat-related illness. "
2.	Massage (Reflexology) 06/01/2002 - "Heat cramps, which are caused by fluid and electrolyte imbalances, are treated with massage, and fluid and electrolyte replacement. "