Neuroprotective Agents

Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.

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Networked: 860 relevant articles (88 outcomes, 192 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Youdim, Moussa B H: 10 articles (03/2013 - 01/2003)
2.	Sharma, Hari Shanker: 7 articles (02/2012 - 12/2007)
3.	Donnan, Geoffrey A: 6 articles (07/2011 - 11/2004)
4.	Weinreb, Orly: 6 articles (09/2007 - 04/2003)
5.	Wang, Xin: 5 articles (11/2015 - 05/2009)
6.	Sharma, Aruna: 5 articles (02/2012 - 08/2009)
7.	Mandel, Silvia: 5 articles (09/2007 - 01/2003)
8.	Olanow, C Warren: 5 articles (08/2006 - 01/2003)
9.	Lapchak, Paul A: 4 articles (10/2015 - 03/2007)
10.	Authier, Nicolas: 4 articles (08/2015 - 07/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Stroke (Strokes) 01/01/2006 - "Although the management of stroke has improved remarkably over the last decade due mainly to the advent of thrombolysis, most neuroprotective agents, although successful in animal studies, have failed in humans. " 01/01/2004 - "Neuroprotective agents shown to be highly effective in stroke models should be preferred, and doses used experimentally should be used also in the clinical setting. " 01/01/2013 - "While many neuroprotective agents have been proven effective in a variety of animal ischemic stroke models, none have been shown to work in phase III clinical trials. " 02/01/2009 - "Numerous neuroprotective agents have proven effective in animal stroke studies, but every drug has failed to achieve its primary outcome when brought forward to clinical trials. " 05/01/2008 - "The hundreds of neuroprotective drugs developed to block the ischemic cascade gave very promising results in animal models but the clinical trials performed with these drugs showed no beneficial effects in stroke patients. "
2.	Brain Ischemia (Cerebral Ischemia) 04/01/2010 - "Furthermore, lactacidosis may interfere with the action of some neuroprotective drugs rendering these less likely to be therapeutically effective in cerebral ischemia." 05/01/1996 - "Many neuroprotective agents (NPAs) are effective in acute experimental cerebral ischemia in animals. " 12/01/2010 - "Cerebral ischemia is a complex pathological process involving a series of mechanisms, and a framework for the development of neuroprotectants from traditional herb medicine is a promising treatment for cerebral ischemia. " 04/01/2006 - "We demonstrate that multidrug resistance transporter (Mdr)-1 is upregulated on capillary endothelium after focal cerebral ischemia; moreover, Mdr-1 deactivation by pharmacological inhibition or genetic knockout preferably enhances the accumulation and efficacy of two neuroprotectants known as Mdr-1 substrates in the ischemic brain. " 10/01/1997 - "Evaluating the efficacy of neuroprotective drugs in rat models of focal cerebral ischemia has involved histological and behavioral batteries to examine treatment outcome. "
3.	Brain Injuries (Brain Injury) 01/01/1999 - "The search for clinically-effective neuroprotective agents has received enormous support in recent years--an estimated $200 million by pharmaceutical companies on clinical trials for traumatic brain injury alone. " 04/01/2007 - "Translating the efficacy of neuroprotective agents in experimental traumatic brain injury to clinical benefit has proven an extremely complex and, to date, unsuccessful undertaking. " 01/01/2002 - "Cerebral multimodal monitoring can be helpful for the optimal management of acute brain injury and essential for future exploratory trials of neuroprotective drugs." 04/01/2007 - "Traumatic brain injury is a complex disease, and development of clinically effective neuroprotective agents is a difficult task. " 08/01/1994 - "In addition, further understanding of the cellular and metabolic alterations associated with delayed brain injury and the role of neuroprotective agents in the prevention of said injury will hopefully result in improved neurologic care. "
4.	Ischemia 01/01/2015 - "Using this technique a highly reproducible and relatively easy model of SCI in mice can be achieved that would serve the purpose of scientific investigations into the mechanisms of ischemia induced cell death as well as the efficacy of neuroprotective drugs. " 04/25/2003 - "To explore the pharmacological relationship between ischemia-induced hypermotility and CA1 cell death in the hippocampus, we evaluated the efficacy of diverse classes of putative neuroprotective agents for preventing hypermotility and delayed neuronal death. " 10/01/2002 - "Because functional outcome is the measurement of efficacy for putative neuroprotective agents in the clinic, we sought to evaluate the functional consequences of bFGF administration in rats subjected to focal ischemia. " 02/01/2009 - "The selected ischemia-reperfusion protocol was characterized by high reproduction of the striatal neuron injury, which fact suggests this model for studies of nerve tissue reactions to injury and for evaluation of the efficiency of neuroprotective drugs." 01/01/2007 - "New studies regarding the production of NO following ischemia will be needed in newborns, together with the development of selective NO inhibitors and neuroprotective agents."
5.	Parkinson Disease (Parkinson's Disease) 06/01/2001 - "This technique seems to be a useful tool in monitoring the intra-individual progression of dopaminergic cell loss in patients with Parkinson's disease and may help to follow the effects of putative neuroprotective drugs in future clinical trials." 02/01/2013 - "Our aim is to highlight this converging evidence and stimulate further hypothesis-testing studies specifically with reference to the potential development of novel neuroprotective agents in Parkinson's disease." 05/01/2011 - "We propose that exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to different toxins that recapitulate cell death mechanisms in Parkinson's disease serves as a rapid and reliable method to test neuroprotective agents that may succeed in clinical trials." 12/01/2009 - "The most challenging issue when testing putative neuroprotective agents for Parkinson's disease (PD) in clinical trials is the assessment of the effect of the treatment on the neurodegenerative process. " 01/13/2004 - "Neuroprotective agents for clinical trials in Parkinson's disease: a systematic assessment."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Biological Markers (Surrogate Marker)
2.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)
3.	Anticonvulsants (Antiepileptic Drugs)
4.	Nimodipine (Modus)
5.	Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Alteplase)
6.	N-Methylaspartate (NMDA)
7.	Estrogens (Estrogen)
8.	disufenton sodium (NXY 059)
9.	Oxygen
10.	Endocannabinoids (Endocannabinoid)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Thrombolytic Therapy
2.	Transplants (Transplant)
3.	Fat-Restricted Diet (Diet, Fat Restricted)
4.	Therapeutics
5.	Investigational Therapies (Experimental Therapy)