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Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists

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Drugs that bind to but do not activate excitatory amino acid receptors, thereby blocking the actions of agonists.

Also Known As:

Amino Acid Antagonists, Excitatory; Antagonists, Excitatory Amino Acid; EAA Antagonists; Glutamate Receptor Antagonists; Antagonists, EAA; Antagonists, Glutamate; Antagonists, Glutamate Receptor; Receptor Antagonists, Glutamate; Amino Acids, Excitatory, Antagonists; Glutamate Antagonists

Networked: 360 relevant articles (20 outcomes, 40 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Chemical Actions and Uses
- Pharmacologic Actions: 56
  - Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action: 7
    - Neurotransmitter Agents: 7915
      - Excitatory Amino Acid Agents: 22
        Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists: 360
  - Physiological Effects of Drugs: 1
    - Neurotransmitter Agents: 7915
      - Excitatory Amino Acid Agents: 22
        Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists: 360

Experts

1.	Rzeski, Wojciech: 6 articles (02/2014 - 10/2002)
2.	Ikonomidou, Chrysanthy: 5 articles (02/2011 - 10/2002)
3.	Solntseva, S V: 4 articles (11/2015 - 03/2010)
4.	Nikitin, V P: 4 articles (11/2015 - 03/2010)
5.	Gmiro, V E: 4 articles (07/2012 - 06/2000)
6.	Turski, Lechoslaw: 4 articles (02/2011 - 10/2002)
7.	Stepulak, Andrzej: 4 articles (02/2011 - 10/2005)
8.	Lukomskaia, N Ia: 3 articles (05/2013 - 06/2000)
9.	Luksch, Hella: 3 articles (02/2011 - 10/2009)
10.	Marzahn, Jenny: 3 articles (02/2011 - 10/2009)

Related Diseases

1.	Seizures (Seizure) 07/01/2012 - "The effects of non-competitive glutamate receptor antagonists on sleep-waking organization have been studied on Krushinskii-Molodkina rats having an inherited predisposition to audiogenic seizures and Wistar ones which are resistant to this action of sound. " 10/13/2010 - "Here, we found that electrical stimulation in rat hippocampal CA1 slices induced a putative prototype of seizure-like oscillations ("prototypic afterdischarge," 1.8-3.8 Hz) in mature pyramidal cells and interneurons in the presence of ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists. " 07/01/2010 - "Neuroprotection by glutamate receptor antagonists against seizure-induced excitotoxic cell death in the aging brain." 10/01/2006 - "Seizures were blocked by glutamate receptor antagonists, suggesting that plasticity in excitatory synaptic circuits contributed to seizures. " 09/10/2004 - "Ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists inhibit the proliferation of granule cell precursors in the adult brain after seizures induced by pentylenetrazol."
2.	Brain Ischemia (Cerebral Ischemia) 11/01/1994 - "Glutamate receptor antagonists provide significant protection against brain damage following global or focal cerebral ischemia or acute traumatic injury in rodent models. " 01/01/2006 - "We will also describe the finding of a novel polymorphism in the EAAT2 promoter region which could be responsible for differences in both gene function and regulation under pathological conditions such as cerebral ischemia, and which might well account for the failure of glutamate antagonists in the clinical practice. " 03/01/2003 - "We tested the hypothesis that glutamate receptor antagonists alter neuronal and glial activation during focal cerebral ischemia, as shown by spatio-temporal changes in HSP immunoreactivity. " 10/01/1999 - "These EAA antagonists can prevent neuronal damage that is due to the release of EAA during cerebral ischemia induced by stimulant use. " 03/01/1997 - "Glutamate receptor antagonists are protective in animal models of focal cerebral ischemia. "
3.	Neurodegenerative Diseases (Neurodegenerative Disease) 12/01/1995 - "The concept of increased neuronal vulnerability to excitotoxic injury establishes a link between slow neuronal degeneration and excitotoxicity and suggests that glutamate antagonists may prove beneficial in the treatment of chronic neurodegenerative diseases that have been resistant to therapy." 11/07/2000 - "Furthermore, glutamate antagonists are considered for neuroprotection in chronic neurodegenerative disorders with slowly progressing cell death only. " 04/01/1993 - "If a similar mechanism occurs in neurodegenerative diseases in humans it may be possible to use either excitatory amino acid antagonists or agents to improve neuronal bioenergetics as therapeutic treatments for these disorders." 02/01/1992 - "If defective mitochondrial energy metabolism plays a role in cell death in neurodegenerative disorders, potential therapeutic strategies would be to use excitatory amino acid antagonists or agents to bypass bioenergetic defects." 06/01/2001 - "Overall, glutamate antagonists have not been found clinically effective for neuroprotective treatment of cerebral ischemia or chronic neurodegenerative diseases, with one exception. "
4.	Ischemia 05/01/1993 - "A protection against this swelling was obtained by perfusing the cochlea with glutamate antagonists prior to ischemia. " 11/01/2009 - "Glutamate antagonists are very attractive drugs in laboratory works to protect neural tissue against ischemia. " 07/25/2003 - "We investigated the effect of glutamate receptor antagonists on progressive inner hair cell (IHC) loss following transient cochlear ischemia in gerbils. " 12/01/2000 - "Glutamate receptor antagonists had little effect on cell birth and death when administered 7 days after ischemia. " 02/01/2000 - "This supports previous electrophysiologic evidence in vivo that SD during ischemia promotes acute neuronal damage and that glutamate antagonists are not protective of the metabolically stressed tissue. "
5.	Pain (Aches) 01/01/2012 - "Lastly, we will summarize the data supporting a novel target for pain intervention by way of GCPII inhibition, which appears devoid of the side-effects associated with direct glutamate receptor antagonists and thus holds major promise for future therapy. " 04/01/2009 - "These results emphasize the possible importance of peripheral glutamate receptor antagonists in pain management in musculoskeletal conditions." 01/01/2002 - "In low doses glutamate receptor antagonists only slightly elevate the threshold of the physiological pain sensation. " 03/22/1996 - "These data suggest that topical application of glutamate receptor antagonists may be useful in treating pain disorders. " 12/01/1995 - "Clinical applications of excitatory amino acid antagonists in pain management."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Glutamic Acid (Glutamate)
2.	2,3- dioxo- 6- nitro- 7- sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline (NBQX)
3.	Excitatory Amino Acids
4.	Carbon Monoxide
5.	GYKI 52466
6.	Memantine (Namenda)
7.	N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors (NMDA Receptors)
8.	Dizocilpine Maleate (Dizocilpine)
9.	Antioxidants
10.	Substance P

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Thrombolytic Therapy
3.	Injections
4.	Spinal Injections
5.	Anesthesia