Space Motion Sickness (Space Adaptation Syndrome)

Disorder characterized by nausea, vomiting, and dizziness, possibly in response to vestibular disorientation or fluid shifts associated with space flight. (From Webster's New World Dictionary)

Also Known As:

Networked: 35 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 1 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Space Motion Sickness (Space Adaptation Syndrome)
2.	Vomiting
3.	Motion Sickness (Airsickness)
4.	Anemia
5.	Nausea

Experts

1.	Putcha, Lakshmi: 3 articles (12/2015 - 08/2004)
2.	Wuyts, Floris L: 2 articles (12/2015 - 06/2014)
3.	Weerts, Aurélie P: 2 articles (12/2015 - 06/2014)
4.	Van de Heyning, Paul H: 2 articles (12/2015 - 06/2014)
5.	Hallgren, Emma: 1 article (12/2015)
6.	Pattyn, Nathalie: 1 article (12/2015)
7.	Hoag, Stephen W: 1 article (12/2015)
8.	Van Ombergen, Angelique: 1 article (12/2015)
9.	Fried, Ron: 1 article (10/2015)
10.	Fried, Michael: 1 article (10/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Space Motion Sickness:

1.	Promethazine (Promet)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2014 - "Space motion sickness (SMS), caused by a canal-otolith conflict, is currently treated with intramuscular promethazine. " 03/01/2007 - "The current method of choice for astronauts to treat space motion sickness is an intra-muscular injection of promethazine hydrochloride (PMZ HCl) which is invasive and causes considerable local irritation and discomfort at the site of injection. " 09/01/2006 - "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) recommends using promethazine to prevent and treat space motion sickness, but pharmacologic responses in space and on Earth are different. " 09/01/2004 - "Space motion sickness is currently treated pharmacologically with the empiric use of the H1 antihistamine promethazine, but use of this intervention is limited by the side effect of significant sedation. " 07/01/1998 - "Intramuscular promethazine (PMZ) is used aboard the US Space Shuttle to ameliorate symptoms of space motion sickness. "
2.	SASIBA 07/01/2011 - "Despite theoretical and experimental efforts to understand the space adaptation syndrome (SAS), which is responsible for spatial disorientation that severely affects physical and cognitive performance in astronauts, most of its pathophysiology is still unknown. " 01/01/2007 - "It has been found that sustained centrifugation on Earth may evoke sickness symptoms that are similar to those of the Space Adaptation Syndrome (SAS). " 12/01/2003 - "It is widely accepted that the incidence of space adaptation syndrome (SAS) is due to a mismatch of sensory information from various receptors to the central nervous system. " 09/01/1987 - "Although this subject had symptoms of the space adaptation syndrome (SAS), inflight data from Spacelab missions suggested that these transient changes were not caused by SAS. " 07/01/1997 - "The astronauts mentioned close similarities with what they experienced in space during the D1-Spacelab Mission in 1985, where head movements also provoked motion sickness symptoms (Space Adaptation Syndrome: SAS). "
3.	ElectrolytesIBA 06/01/2000 - "Microgravity results in cephalad fluid shift, loss of electrolytes, loss of muscle and bone mass, anemia, reduced immune response, variability in gastric emptying and hepatic metabolism, increased bowel transit, and development of space motion sickness. " 07/01/2001 - "These changes include cephalic fluid shifts, loss of fluid and electrolytes, loss of muscle mass, space motion sickness, anemia, reduced immune response, and loss of calcium and mineralized bone. " 01/01/1993 - "These changes include cephalad fluid shifts, loss of fluid and electrolytes, loss of muscle mass, space motion sickness, anemia, reduced immune response, and loss of calcium and mineralized bone. "
4.	Scopolamine (Hyoscine)FDA Link 02/01/2015 - "Astronauts experience Space Motion Sickness requiring treatment with an anti-motion sickness medication, scopolamine during space missions. " 12/01/2015 - "Intranasal scopolamine might be a good alternative to promethazine for the alleviation of space motion sickness, since the agent has minimal sedative effects and does not hamper cognitive performance."
5.	CalciumIBA 07/01/2001 - "These changes include cephalic fluid shifts, loss of fluid and electrolytes, loss of muscle mass, space motion sickness, anemia, reduced immune response, and loss of calcium and mineralized bone. " 01/01/1993 - "These changes include cephalad fluid shifts, loss of fluid and electrolytes, loss of muscle mass, space motion sickness, anemia, reduced immune response, and loss of calcium and mineralized bone. "
6.	Sympathomimetics (Sympathomimetic Amines)IBA 02/01/1986 - "Arousal and stability: the effects of five new sympathomimetic drugs suggest a new principle for the prevention of space motion sickness."
7.	Sulpiride (neogama)IBA 10/12/1987 - "L-sulpiride, at a dose of 4 mg/kg, essentially abolished motion-induced emesis in a group of 6 squirrel monkeys undergoing horizontal rotation at 25 rpm, a terrestrial model of space motion sickness (SMS). "
8.	PhysostigmineIBA 08/01/1984 - "Thus, the effects of physostigmine may be a convenient model for screening for treatments for motion sickness or space adaptation syndrome, or for predicting who will develop these syndromes."
9.	Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF)IBA 12/01/1990 - "ANF may decrease plasma volume by increasing permeability to albumin, and this effect of ANF may account for some of the signs and symptoms of space motion sickness." 12/01/1990 - "Since elevations in plasma ANF are found in clinical syndromes associated with edema, and since space motion sickness induced by microgravity is associated with an increase in central blood volume and facial edema, we determined whether ANF increases capillary permeability to plasma protein. "
10.	MercuryIBA 08/01/2004 - "Medications have been taken since the first Mercury flight in 1967 and, since then, have been used for several indications such as space motion sickness, sleeplessness, headache, nausea, vomiting, back pain, and congestion. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Injections 08/01/1987 - "The use of antimotion drug injections for treating space motion sickness is discussed." 06/01/1994 - "Comparable 50-mg injections of promethazine also have been found effective in alleviating symptoms of space motion sickness. " 10/01/2000 - "Intramuscular (i.m.) injections of promethazine in 25 mg or 50 mg dosages are commonly used to treat space motion sickness in astronauts. "
2.	Microspheres (Microsphere) 07/01/1998 - "microsphere formulation of PMZ offers great promise as an effective non-invasive alternative for treating space motion sickness due to its rapid absorption and bioavailability equivalent to the i.m. "
3.	Bed Rest (Bedrest) 10/01/2015 - "Microgravity Simulated by the 6° Head-Down Tilt Bed Rest Test Increases Intestinal Motility but Fails to Induce Gastrointestinal Symptoms of Space Motion Sickness."