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Persistent Vegetative State (Vegetative State)

Vegetative state refers to the neurocognitive status of individuals with severe brain damage, in whom physiologic functions (sleep-wake cycles, autonomic control, and breathing) persist, but awareness (including all cognitive function and emotion) is abolished.
Also Known As:
Vegetative State; Permanent Vegetative State; PVS (Persistent Vegetative State); Persistent Unawareness State; Post-Comatose Unawareness State; Post-Traumatic Unawareness State; Postcomatose Unawareness State; Posttraumatic Unawareness State; Prolonged Post-Traumatic Unawareness; Transient Vegetative State; Minimally Conscious States; PVSs (Persistent Vegetative State); Permanent Vegetative States; Persistent Unawareness States; Persistent Vegetative States; Post Comatose Unawareness State; Post Traumatic Unawareness State; Post Traumatic Vegetative State; Post-Comatose Unawareness States; Post-Traumatic Unawareness States; Post-Traumatic Unawareness, Prolonged; Post-Traumatic Unawarenesses, Prolonged; Post-Traumatic Vegetative States; Postcomatose Unawareness States; Posttraumatic Unawareness States; Prolonged Post Traumatic Unawareness; Prolonged Post-Traumatic Unawarenesses; State, Minimally Conscious; State, Permanent Vegetative; State, Persistent Unawareness; State, Persistent Vegetative; State, Post-Comatose Unawareness; State, Post-Traumatic Unawareness; State, Post-Traumatic Vegetative; State, Postcomatose Unawareness; State, Posttraumatic Unawareness; State, Transient Vegetative; State, Vegetative; States, Minimally Conscious; States, Permanent Vegetative; States, Persistent Unawareness; States, Persistent Vegetative; States, Post-Comatose Unawareness; States, Post-Traumatic Unawareness; States, Post-Traumatic Vegetative; States, Postcomatose Unawareness; States, Posttraumatic Unawareness; States, Transient Vegetative; States, Vegetative; Transient Vegetative States; Unawareness State, Persistent; Unawareness State, Post-Comatose; Unawareness State, Post-Traumatic; Unawareness State, Postcomatose; Unawareness State, Posttraumatic; Unawareness States, Persistent; Unawareness States, Post-Comatose; Unawareness States, Post-Traumatic; Unawareness States, Postcomatose; Unawareness States, Posttraumatic; Unawareness, Prolonged Post-Traumatic; Unawarenesses, Prolonged Post-Traumatic; Vegetative State, Permanent; Vegetative State, Post-Traumatic; Vegetative State, Transient; Vegetative States; Vegetative States, Permanent; Vegetative States, Persistent; Vegetative States, Post-Traumatic; Vegetative States, Transient; Minimally Conscious State; Post-Traumatic Vegetative State; Vegetative State, Persistent
Networked: 689 relevant articles (33 outcomes, 88 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1. Persistent Vegetative State (Vegetative State)
2. Consciousness Disorders
3. Coma (Comas)
4. Traumatic Brain Injuries (Traumatic Brain Injury)
5. Stroke (Strokes)

Experts

1. Laureys, Steven: 32 articles (03/2022 - 01/2005)
2. Thibaut, Aurore: 18 articles (03/2022 - 10/2013)
3. Gosseries, Olivia: 12 articles (01/2021 - 04/2012)
4. Schiff, Nicholas D: 10 articles (01/2019 - 12/2006)
5. Bruno, Marie-Aurélie: 9 articles (01/2017 - 04/2012)
6. Chatelle, Camille: 8 articles (07/2020 - 01/2013)
7. Fins, Joseph J: 7 articles (01/2022 - 06/2006)
8. Calabrò, Rocco Salvatore: 7 articles (07/2020 - 01/2015)
9. He, Jianghong: 7 articles (01/2020 - 01/2016)
10. Bramanti, Placido: 6 articles (08/2021 - 01/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Persistent Vegetative State:
1. Zolpidem (Ambien)FDA LinkGeneric
2. Glucose (Dextrose)FDA LinkGeneric
10/01/1991 - "Patients who subsequently remained in a vegetative state or died had significantly higher glucose levels both on admission and postoperatively than patients who had good outcome or moderate disability (217 +/- 12 mg/dl vs. 167 +/- 6 mg/dl or 12.1 +/- 0.7 mmol/liter vs. 9.3 +/- 0.3 mmol/liter on admission, and 240 +/- 16 mg/dl vs. 156 +/- 5 mg/dl or 13.3 +/- 0.9 mmol/liter vs. 8.9 +/- 0.3 mmol/liter postoperatively) (p less than 0.0001). "
07/01/1993 - "Serial positron emission tomography/2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose studies demonstrated persistent global reduction of cerebral glucose metabolism, results similar to those found in adults in persistent vegetative states. "
01/01/2023 - "Patients who resulted in a vegetative state (GOS score of 2) had higher mean admission serum glucose values than patients who were discharged with a GOS score of 5 (205.14 ± 36.17 vs. 134; p = 0.003). "
01/01/2018 - "This patient also showed a higher cerebral glucose metabolism within the language network (presumably required for command following) when compared with the other patients without "covert command-following" but having a cerebral glucose metabolism indicative of minimally conscious state. "
01/01/2018 - "Classification of patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) and minimally conscious state (MCS) using regional volumetric information was performed and compared to classification using cerebral glucose uptake from fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. "
3. cytidylyl-(3'-5')-cytidine (CpC)IBA
12/01/2019 - "Differently from the related research article, here we included cerebral performance category (CPC) 3 among poor outcomes, so that the outcomes are dichotomised as CPC 1-2 (absent to mild neurological disability: good outcome) vs. CPC 3-5 (severe neurological disability, persistent vegetative state, or death: poor outcome). "
12/01/2018 - "Quantitative NPi and standard manual pupillary light reflex (sPLR)-blinded to clinicians and outcome assessors-were recorded in parallel from day 1 to 3 after CA. Primary study endpoint was to compare the value of NPi versus sPLR to predict 3-month Cerebral Performance Category (CPC), dichotomized as favorable (CPC 1-2: full recovery or moderate disability) versus unfavorable outcome (CPC 3-5: severe disability, vegetative state, or death). "
01/01/2012 - "Two patients (10%) remained in a vegetative state at discharge (CPC 4), and 14 patients (70%) died (CPC 5). "
10/01/2013 - "To systematically review the accuracy of early (≤7 days) predictors of poor outcome defined as death or vegetative state (Cerebral Performance Categories [CPC] 4-5) or death, vegetative state or severe disability (CPC 3-5) in comatose survivors from cardiac arrest not treated using therapeutic hypothermia (TH). "
10/01/2013 - "To systematically review the accuracy of early (≤7 days) predictors of poor outcome, defined as death or vegetative state (Cerebral Performance Categories [CPC] 4-5) or death, vegetative state or severe disability (CPC 3-5), in comatose adult survivors from cardiac arrest (CA) treated using therapeutic hypothermia (TH). "
4. BaclofenFDA LinkGeneric
5. Levodopa (L Dopa)FDA LinkGeneric
6. SodiumIBA
7. Hypoglycemic Agents (Hypoglycemics)IBA
8. Dopamine (Intropin)FDA LinkGeneric
9. CatecholaminesIBA
10. Sodium Hypochlorite (Clorox)IBA

Therapies and Procedures

1. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
2. Therapeutics
3. Deep Brain Stimulation
4. Gastrostomy
5. Animal Assisted Therapy