Middle Ear Cholesteatoma

A mass of KERATIN-producing squamous EPITHELIUM that resembles an inverted (suck-in) bag of skin in the MIDDLE EAR. It arises from the eardrum (TYMPANIC MEMBRANE) and grows into the MIDDLE EAR causing erosion of EAR OSSICLES and MASTOID that contains the INNER EAR.

Also Known As:

Networked: 202 relevant articles (2 outcomes, 42 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Cholesteatoma
2.	Bone Resorption
3.	Suppurative Otitis Media
4.	Otitis Media
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer)

Experts

1.	Koji, Takehiko: 4 articles (10/2015 - 01/2003)
2.	Takahashi, Haruo: 4 articles (10/2015 - 01/2003)
3.	Yamamoto-Fukuda, Tomomi: 4 articles (10/2015 - 01/2003)
4.	Lee, Heung-Man: 4 articles (06/2009 - 09/2006)
5.	Hwang, Soon-Jae: 4 articles (06/2008 - 09/2006)
6.	Choung, Yun-Hoon: 4 articles (02/2006 - 01/2003)
7.	Park, Keehyun: 4 articles (02/2006 - 01/2003)
8.	Narita, Norihiko: 3 articles (03/2015 - 05/2003)
9.	Olszewska, Ewa: 3 articles (06/2012 - 11/2006)
10.	Xu, Yu: 3 articles (03/2009 - 01/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Middle Ear Cholesteatoma:

1.	Durapatite (Hydroxylapatite)IBA 06/01/1991 - "Hydroxyapatite granules were employed for mastoid obliteration in cases of aural cholesteatoma. " 06/01/1991 - "[Tympanoplasty with mastoid obliteration using hydroxyapatite granules for aural cholesteatoma--a clinical and experimental study]." 01/01/2001 - "If the tympanic and posterior cavities are reasonably safe, middle ear cholesteatoma in adults can be well cured by a one-stage procedure including ossicular chain reconstruction with hydroxylapatite prosthesis covered with cartilage graft who achieved a valuable hearing restoration."
2.	Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGF Receptor)IBA 06/01/2011 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and microvessel density (MVD) in middle ear cholesteatoma tissue in an effort to determine the relationship between expression of EGFR and neovascularization. " 11/01/2008 - "[Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor Ki67 and p16 in human middle ear cholesteatoma]." 10/01/2003 - "Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in human middle ear cholesteatoma." 03/01/1993 - "Aberrant expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in aural cholesteatoma." 11/01/2008 - "This study aimed to analyze the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Ki67 and p16 in human middle ear cholesteatomas and to investigate the correlation between its expression and the ability of erosion of cholesteatoma. "
3.	Keratins (Keratin)IBA 02/01/1994 - "Solubilization of keratin debris in conservative treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma: an in vitro study." 01/01/1989 - "An immunocytochemical study of cytokeratin expression in human middle ear cholesteatoma." 01/01/2003 - "Middle ear cholesteatoma is characterized by the presence in the middle ear cavity of a stratified squamous epithelium with keratin deposits which by constant proliferation leads to extensive bone destruction. " 01/01/2001 - "Aural cholesteatomas are enlarging accumulations of keratin debris caused by keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear. " 01/01/1999 - "Using immunohistochemical method, the distribution of cytokeratin and the binding patterns of lectin were observed to show the biologic and morphologic changes that take place in aural cholesteatomas. "
4.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 10/01/2000 - "PCR and nuclear acid hybridization were applied in screening 44 cases of middle ear cholesteatoma for detection of HPV DNA, and a comparison analysis with the pathological results of 35 cases of middle ear cholesteatoma was made. " 08/01/1991 - "Thirteen smears of middle ear cholesteatomas were investigated by the recently developed interactive DNA cytometry. " 01/01/1988 - "Quantitative DNA cytophotometric techniques were applied to judge the alteration (differentiation) and ultimate fate of nuclei during keratinization in human middle ear cholesteatoma. " 06/01/1994 - "Recent studies have demonstrated that aural cholesteatoma features intense DNA turnover in the germinative layer of the matrix and an immune response in the wall of the cyst, which trigger a chain reaction. " 10/01/2010 - "The role of inhibitor of DNA-binding (Id1) in hyperproliferation of keratinocytes: the pathological basis for middle ear cholesteatoma from chronic otitis media."
5.	Monoclonal AntibodiesIBA 01/01/1999 - "Through immunohistochemistry (using 18 monoclonal antibodies) on 10 specimens from human middle ear cholesteatomas, T-helper cells mixed with plasma cells, macrophages and scattered T-suppressor and B cells, have been detected in the perimatrix. " 01/01/1992 - "Since a heavy cellular infiltrate is seen in the stroma of most aural cholesteatomas, we attempted to characterize this cell population in more detail using monocyte/macrophage-specific monoclonal antibodies. " 01/01/1985 - "By using monoclonal antibodies against cell-membrane receptors the cellular composition of an aural cholesteatoma can be determined. " 03/01/1992 - "In the present study we tried to characterize the immunophenotype and the functional state of the cells infiltrating the stroma and the epithelial layer of aural cholesteatoma, using a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against cell type specific antigens. " 07/01/1994 - "Because middle ear cholesteatoma is characterized by the presence of leukocyte infiltrates, the presence of the two molecule types of intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and ICAM-2) was investigated on cholesteatoma using monoclonal antibodies. "
6.	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor)IBA 02/01/2001 - "[A study on expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha in middle ear cholesteatoma and its effect on bone destruction]." 01/01/2013 - "Expression of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis in human middle ear cholesteatoma." 03/01/1999 - "Few authors have localized TNF-alpha in aural cholesteatoma. " 03/01/1999 - "Aural cholesteatoma: role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in bone destruction." 02/01/1991 - "Tumor necrosis factor alpha in middle ear cholesteatoma and its effect on keratinocytes in vitro."
7.	Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)IBA 02/01/2014 - "To investigate the expression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) system in human middle ear cholesteatoma. " 02/01/2014 - "Expression of the epidermal growth factor system in human middle ear cholesteatoma." 11/01/2004 - "Present data suggests that EGF-treated may induce the occurrence of middle ear cholesteatoma." 01/01/2004 - "Epidermal growth factor expression in middle ear cholesteatoma." 01/01/2004 - "These results show that the distribution of EGF in middle ear cholesteatoma is not deranged and that the progression of cholesteatoma might be induced by the release of factors from the cholesteatoma matrix via autocrine stimulation, or by inflammatory cells of the subepithelial tissue through paracrine stimulation, or in both of these ways."
8.	Transforming Growth Factor alpha (TGF-alpha)IBA 01/01/2003 - "To investigate the mode of expression and distribution of transforming growth factor alpha in middle ear cholesteatoma. " 03/01/1996 - "TGF-alpha is produced by keratinocytes and has been reported to be overexpressed in several epidermal diseases, including middle ear cholesteatoma. " 05/01/1996 - "Expression of transforming growth factor-alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor in middle ear cholesteatoma." 07/01/1993 - "The distribution and expression of TGF alpha and IL-1 alpha were examined in specimens of middle ear cholesteatoma by means of immunohistochemical methods using a monoclonal antibody against TGF alpha and a polyclonal one against IL-1 alpha. " 05/01/1996 - "To study the possible autocrine growth stimulation of cholesteatoma epithelium, the expression of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in middle ear cholesteatoma was investigated by immunohistochemical staining techniques. "
9.	Interleukin-6 (Interleukin 6)IBA 10/01/2012 - "MT-2, IL-1α and IL-6 may play an important role in the pathogenetic process of middle ear cholesteatoma. " 10/01/2012 - "According to immunohistochemistry research, the expressions of MT-2, IL-1α and IL-6 were extremely higher in middle ear cholesteatoma than those in normal external ears' canal skin (P < 0.05). " 03/01/2009 - "[Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB and aberrant gene expression of interleukin 6 in middle ear cholesteatoma]." 01/01/1996 - "The overexpression of IL-6 in middle ear cholesteatoma suggests a participation of this cytokine in some of the clinical features seen: epithelial hyperproliferation and bone resorption. " 01/01/1996 - "Role of interleukin 6 in epithelial hyperproliferation and bone resorption in middle ear cholesteatomas."
10.	AntigensIBA 07/01/1993 - "[Expression of 4F2-activation antigen in middle ear cholesteatoma]." 03/01/1988 - "Human leukocyte antigen-A, -B, -C tissue types in patients with middle ear cholesteatoma." 03/01/1992 - "In the present study we tried to characterize the immunophenotype and the functional state of the cells infiltrating the stroma and the epithelial layer of aural cholesteatoma, using a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against cell type specific antigens. " 05/01/1994 - "Antigen expression of epithelial markers, collagen IV and Ki67 in middle ear cholesteatoma. " 09/01/1988 - "Biopsies of middle ear cholesteatomas were examined for Langerhans' cells expressing HLA-DR and anti-Leu 6 antigens by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transplants (Transplant) 01/01/2013 - "Autologous meatal skin graft implantation and intratympanic injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a new experimental mouse model of acquired middle ear cholesteatoma." 06/01/1991 - "[Experimental middle ear cholesteatoma originated from free skin graft of the external ear]." 01/01/2001 - "If the tympanic and posterior cavities are reasonably safe, middle ear cholesteatoma in adults can be well cured by a one-stage procedure including ossicular chain reconstruction with hydroxylapatite prosthesis covered with cartilage graft who achieved a valuable hearing restoration."
2.	Prostheses and Implants (Prosthesis) 01/01/2001 - "The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the long-term hearing results of using costal cartilage prostheses in ossicular chain reconstruction procedures in subjects operated on for a middle ear cholesteatoma with an intact canal wall tympanoplasty. " 01/01/2001 - "If the tympanic and posterior cavities are reasonably safe, middle ear cholesteatoma in adults can be well cured by a one-stage procedure including ossicular chain reconstruction with hydroxylapatite prosthesis covered with cartilage graft who achieved a valuable hearing restoration."
3.	Solid-State Lasers 03/01/2005 - "Efficacy of the KTP laser in the treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma."
4.	Tympanoplasty 02/20/2010 - "The modified closed tympanoplasty procedure for middle ear cholesteatoma in the present study has all the advantages of both close-cavity and open-cavity procedures. " 02/20/2010 - "Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the effects and safety of a modification of closed tympanoplasty for middle ear cholesteatoma. " 01/01/2008 - "The aim of this study was to present the main principles of tympanoplasty and outcomes of middle ear cholesteatoma surgery through a comparative analysis of the applied tympanoplasty techniques. " 04/01/2007 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the hearing results of ossiculoplasty in canal wall down tympanoplasty in one stage middle-ear cholesteatoma surgery. " 03/01/2007 - "The study group included 24 ears of 23 patients who underwent staged tympanoplasty for the treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma. "
5.	Second-Look Surgery 06/01/2010 - "This institutional review board-approved study, for which the need to obtain informed consent was waived, included 57 patients clinically suspected of having a middle ear cholesteatoma without a history of surgery and 63 patients imaged before "second-look" surgery. " 06/01/2012 - "A retrospective study was run in adults operated on by CWUT for middle-ear cholesteatoma and who had undergone second look surgery and/or postoperative radiology (CT-scan, diffusion-weighted MRI). "