alpha- Amino- 3- hydroxy- 5- methyl- 4- isoxazolepropionic Acid (AMPA)

An IBOTENIC ACID homolog and glutamate agonist. The compound is the defining agonist for the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, AMPA). It has been used as a radionuclide imaging agent but is more commonly used as an experimental tool in cell biological studies.

Also Known As:

Networked: 920 relevant articles (50 outcomes, 99 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	De Sarro, Giovambattista: 10 articles (09/2012 - 09/2002)
2.	Tapia, Ricardo: 9 articles (01/2015 - 05/2004)
3.	Gmiro, V E: 9 articles (05/2014 - 09/2002)
4.	Meador-Woodruff, James H: 9 articles (08/2013 - 02/2004)
5.	Russo, Emilio: 9 articles (09/2012 - 02/2003)
6.	Gitto, Rosaria: 7 articles (09/2012 - 02/2003)
7.	Worley, Paul F: 7 articles (05/2012 - 02/2005)
8.	Chimirri, Alba: 6 articles (09/2012 - 02/2003)
9.	Gressens, Pierre: 6 articles (01/2011 - 09/2005)
10.	Levite, Mia: 6 articles (06/2009 - 04/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Seizures (Seizure) 03/01/2010 - "Intra-amygdalar injection of GluR agonists evoked bilateral seizure activity and increased rCBF, greater for KA and AMPA than selective ATPA GluR5 activation." 09/17/2004 - "Convulsive seizures induced by alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid microinjection into the mesencephalic reticular formation in rats." 09/01/2004 - "The mdx mice exhibited no difference in seizure susceptibility for all convulsant drugs with the exception of a significantly lower sensitivity to AMPA and KA than the other mice strains. " 10/15/2002 - "Furthermore, the three compounds attenuated the unilateral AMPA injection-induced turning behavior and seizure-like events.Our" 11/01/2001 - "These findings show that DOM directly promotes neuronal hyperactivity in region CA1, presumably due to tonic AMPA and/or KA-receptor mediated depolarization, and further suggests that DOM-induced hyperactivity in the recurrently networked, AMPA/KA-receptor rich region CA3 does not contribute to the onset and spread of limbic seizures during relatively mild DOM intoxication."
2.	Ischemia 10/26/2007 - "PNQX (9-methyl-amino-6-nitro-hexahydro-benzo(F)quinoxalinedione) is a selective AMPA antagonist with demonstrated neuroprotective effects in focal ischemia in rats. " 09/03/2004 - "Reduction of cerebral infarct size by non-competitive AMPA antagonists in rats subjected to permanent and transient focal ischemia." 01/01/2004 - "A differential decrease was observed in the expression levels of all AMPA-type GluR subunits 2 hours after ischemia-reperfusion, with a significant downregulation of GluR2 and -3 transcript levels. " 09/01/2002 - "The data demonstrate that AMPA blockade protects both grey and white matter from damage induced by transient focal ischemia." 12/15/2000 - "In slices from post-ischemia animals, CA1 neurons with robust action potentials exhibit greatly enhanced AMPA-elicited rises in intracellular Ca(2+). "
3.	Parkinson Disease (Parkinson's Disease) 01/01/1995 - "These data suggest that centrally active AMPA antagonists may have therapeutic utility in the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson's disease." 02/01/2012 - "Perampanel, an AMPA antagonist, found to have no benefit in reducing "off" time in Parkinson's disease." 12/15/1995 - "These results suggest a role for striatal AMPA-kainate receptors in the pathology and treatment of Parkinson's disease." 05/13/1996 - "These results suggest that antagonists of AMPA and kainate receptors could be effective in alleviating motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease by blocking the overstimulation of pallidal and striatal neurons by glutamate. " 01/01/1992 - "The selective AMPA-antagonist NBQX is not effective in animal models of Parkinson's disease when given alone but ameliorates parkinsonian symptomatology and enhances the locomotor response of a threshold dose of L-DOPA. "
4.	Schizophrenia (Dementia Praecox) 06/01/2008 - "The present study evaluated knockout (KO) mice lacking the L-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA) GluR1 receptor subunit for a range of behaviors considered relevant to certain symptoms of schizophrenia. " 12/01/2013 - "Allosteric modulation of AMPA, NR2B, mGlu2, mGlu5 and M1, targeting glutamatergic dysfunction, represents a significant area of research for the treatment of schizophrenia. " 08/01/2011 - "We found no changes in the expression of the AMPA subunits, GluR1-4, in late endosomes from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. " 09/05/2008 - "We conclude that, of the three AMPA genes analyzed here, only GRIA3 seems to be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, but only in females." 06/01/2008 - "Mice lacking the AMPA GluR1 receptor exhibit striatal hyperdopaminergia and 'schizophrenia-related' behaviors."
5.	Alzheimer Disease (Alzheimer's Disease) 07/01/2011 - "AMPA workshop on challenges faced by investigators conducting Alzheimer's disease clinical trials." 08/01/1999 - "CX-516, an AMPA modulator from Cortex Pharmaceuticals, is in phase I/IIa clinical trials for the symptomatic treatment of deficits in memory and cognition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and similar disorders [234221]. " 06/01/2012 - "Conversely, Alzheimer's disease is characterized by decreased AMPA activation and synapse loss. " 03/27/2007 - "AMPA potentiator treatment of cognitive deficits in Alzheimer disease." 09/01/1992 - "In Alzheimer's disease patients, there was a significant increase in [3H]AMPA binding in the infragranular layer. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	N-Methylaspartate (NMDA)
2.	Kainic Acid (Kainate)
3.	2,3- dioxo- 6- nitro- 7- sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline (NBQX)
4.	Kainic Acid Receptors (Kainate Receptor)
5.	Glutamate Receptors (Glutamate Receptor)
6.	alpha- Amino- 3- hydroxy- 5- methyl- 4- isoxazolepropionic Acid (AMPA)
7.	topiramate (Topamax)
8.	AMPA Receptors (AMPA Receptor)
9.	GYKI 52466
10.	Glutamic Acid (Glutamate)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Intra-Articular Injections
3.	Spinal Injections
4.	Injections
5.	Resuscitation