Amelanotic Melanoma (Amelanotic Melanomas)

07/01/2001 - "Fontana-Masson stains and immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies showed that clinically amelanotic melanoma cells contained melanosomes and rare melanin granules. "
03/01/2012 - "Primary amelanotic melanoma of the vulva is extremely rare and it is a unique variant which is difficult to differentiate from other epithelial and nonepithelial malignancies due to absence of melanin pigmentation. "
09/01/2004 - "Although amelanotic melanoma contains a few melanin granules, it is often difficult to differentiate from non-epithelial malignant tumours. "
07/01/2002 - "Histological examination showed features of amelanotic melanoma characterized by absence of melanin pigment."
09/01/2000 - "Pathologic examination of widely resected urethra revealed scattering cells, which included melanin granules in cytoplasm, and then immunohistochemical stains established the diagnosis as amelanotic melanoma. "

08/01/1997 - "Unexpectedly, a single treatment of PDT with ALA-induced porphyrin resulted in only one complete remission out of six amelanotic melanomas when the final therapeutic outcome was assessed after 28 days. "
01/01/2012 - "This novel porphyrin exhibited PDT properties as manifested by the induction of apoptosis in the myeloid cell line HL-60 and the effective reduction of amelanotic melanoma in nude mice."
02/20/2003 - "Liposomal meso-tetrakis-phenylporphyrin (TPP) was tested for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of human amelanotic melanomas implanted in nude mice. "
03/02/1988 - "The results indicate that human xenograft melanotic melanoma, despite the fact that it contains more HpD than does amelanotic melanoma, is far less responsive to PDT. "
07/01/2010 - "PDT studies with the C11Pc-loaded amelanotic melanoma showed a markedly more significant response of the tumour in the mice that had received the nanoparticle-bound photosensitiser; the PDT effect was especially extensive if the irradiation was performed at 3h after C11Pc injection when large phthalocyanine amounts were still present in the serum. "

07/01/2010 - "The in vivo efficacy of phthalocyanine-nanoparticle conjugates for the photodynamic therapy of amelanotic melanoma."
07/01/2010 - "PDT studies with the C11Pc-loaded amelanotic melanoma showed a markedly more significant response of the tumour in the mice that had received the nanoparticle-bound photosensitiser; the PDT effect was especially extensive if the irradiation was performed at 3h after C11Pc injection when large phthalocyanine amounts were still present in the serum. "
07/01/2010 - "Biodistribution studies at selected post-injection times showed that the nanoparticle-associated C11Pc was recovered in significantly larger amounts from all the examined tissues and the serum and yielded a greater selectivity of tumour targeting: thus, the ratio between the amount of phthalocyanine recovered from the amelanotic melanoma and the skin (peritumoural tissue) increased from 2.3 to 5.5 from the free to the gold nanoparticle-bound C11Pc at 24 h after injection. "
07/01/2010 - "The efficiency of a Zn(II)-phthalocyanine disulphide (C11Pc), a compound with both phthalocyanine units bearing seven hexyl chains and a sulphur terminated C11 chain, as a photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent was investigated in C57 mice bearing a sub-cutaneously transplanted amelanotic melanoma. "

06/01/1988 - "We evaluated the efficacy of intraocular and periocular fluorouracil treatment in an experimental iris tumor of the rabbit (Greene amelanotic melanoma). "
01/01/1997 - "We compared the effects of the radiosensitizers, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BUdR) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) alone and in combination and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cisplatin, DDP) on the growth of B16 amelanotic melanoma (B16a) tumors in mice. "

08/01/2005 - "Uveal melanoma research has benefited from xenograft models, but engineered mouse models of spontaneous uveal amelanotic melanoma will undoubtedly further our understanding of the genetic underpinning for this disease."

01/01/2002 - "Complete remission of Bomirski Ab amelanotic melanoma in hamsters treated with the angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470."

02/01/1991 - "We have examined the killing effect of 4-S-cysteaminylphenol (4-S-CAP), a newly synthesised melanin precursor, on B16 melanoma cell lines possessing different melanin-producing activities and found it to be particularly effective in heavily melanised melanoma cells, but less so in moderately melanised melanoma cells, and having no effect on amelanotic melanoma cells and nonmelanoma cells. "

02/01/2013 - "Here, we compare the photodynamic therapy efficacy of free Pba and mPEG-Pba to cure a subcutaneous amelanotic melanoma transplanted in C57/BL6 mice. "

11/01/2012 - "Dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy and histopathology of an amelanotic melanoma from an individual heterozygous for MC1R and tyrosinase variant alleles."
03/01/2006 - "Remarkably, this heterologous expression system recapitulates the defective processing and mistrafficking of tyrosinase observed in OCA2 albino melanocytes and certain amelanotic melanoma cells. "
04/26/2002 - "In tyrosinase-positive amelanotic melanoma cells, inactive tyrosinase accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum. "
12/01/2001 - "However, our results indicate that it can occur directly, as evidenced by the appearance of cutaneous amelanotic melanoma in the tyrosinase-deficient albino mice. "
12/01/2001 - "Development of cutaneous amelanotic melanoma in the absence of a functional tyrosinase."

01/01/1981 - "A transparent chamber was implanted in the dorsal skin flap of 32 Syrian gold hamsters, 48 h after microsurgery, 4x10(4) cells of the amelanotic melanoma A-Mel-3 were transplanted s.c. "
07/01/2010 - "Biodistribution studies at selected post-injection times showed that the nanoparticle-associated C11Pc was recovered in significantly larger amounts from all the examined tissues and the serum and yielded a greater selectivity of tumour targeting: thus, the ratio between the amount of phthalocyanine recovered from the amelanotic melanoma and the skin (peritumoural tissue) increased from 2.3 to 5.5 from the free to the gold nanoparticle-bound C11Pc at 24 h after injection. "
12/01/1973 - "[Therapeutic studies of Clostridium butyricum spores, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone in amelanotic melanoma in Syrian gold hamsters]."

06/01/2015 - "It was found that photodynamic therapy with electroporation efficiently induces apoptosis in melanotic and amelanotic melanoma cells. "
03/01/2008 - "Amelanotic melanoma in situ: lack of sustained response to photodynamic therapy."
09/01/2006 - "Primary treatment of choroidal amelanotic melanoma with photodynamic therapy--comment."
10/01/2005 - "Primary treatment of choroidal amelanotic melanoma with photodynamic therapy."
01/01/1994 - "Photodynamic therapy-induced alterations in interstitial fluid pressure, volume and water content of an amelanotic melanoma in the hamster."

03/01/2010 - "No uptake was observed in the amelanotic melanoma xenografts. "
01/01/2000 - "The parental cell line (A2058) was a human amelanotic melanoma cell line, adaptation of this line to in vivo growth as xenograft the HT168 tumour and its cell line was established. "
01/01/2000 - "Tumors of two human amelanotic melanoma xenograft lines (A-07 and R-18) grown intradermally in Balb/c nu/nu mice were used as model system, and muscle tissue was used as control. "
01/01/1990 - "Human LOX amelanotic melanoma xenografts in athymic mice were used to explore schedule dependence and activity against natural metastases, and a series of drug-resistant murine leukemias provided an in vivo cross-resistance profile. "
01/01/1984 - "Of two human tumor xenografts a malignant amelanotic melanoma responded with slight growth delay, whereas a gastric cancer did not."

05/01/2005 - "From these results, photothermal sensitisation appears to be a general phenomenon and preliminary studies with mice bearing subcutaneously transplanted amelanotic melanomas, irradiated with 850 nm light 24 h after intravenous injection of NiNc, suggest that this approach has potential for the therapy of some types of skin tumours."
09/01/2000 - "After implantation of a dorsal skinfold chamber and 7 days (range, 6-8) after induction of an amelanotic melanoma (A-Mel-3), 14 male hamsters weighing 85 g (range, 70-95 g) received 200 micromol/kg of CM1 by intravenous injection into the jugular vein. "
01/01/1997 - "This study investigates the profile and the time course of porphyrin metabolites in various tissues following intravenous injection of ALA (0.5 g/kg body weight) into hamsters bearing an amelanotic melanoma (A-Mel-3). "
03/01/1994 - "Syrian Golden hamsters bearing an amelanotic melanoma implanted into the dorsal skin received intravenous injections of Photofrin (5 mg kg-1). "
09/01/1984 - "Lack of effect of in vivo prostacyclin on the development of pulmonary metastases in mice following intravenous injection of CT26 colon carcinoma, Lewis lung carcinoma, or B16 amelanotic melanoma cells."

11/01/1995 - "Post-capillary confluent venules (diameter 15-40 microns) of subcutaneous (s.c.) tissue or the amelanotic melanoma A-Mel-3 were observed by intravital microscopy before, 5, 30, 60 and 180 min after laser irradiation and recorded for off-line analysis. "
07/01/2012 - "In this review, we will go through the dermoscopic and the confocal laser microscopy of diagnosis of most frequent vascular lesions (i.e., hemangiomas angiokeratoma, pyogenic granuloma, angiosarcoma) taking into particular consideration the differential diagnosis with amelanotic melanoma."
11/01/2009 - "The results thus obtained provided a basis for subsequent in vivo studies, aimed at defining the phototherapeutic efficiency of the two metallo-naphthalocyanines: the photosensitisers were i.v. injected into C57BL/6 mice bearing a subcutaneously transplanted amelanotic melanoma and at 24 hours post-injection the tumour area was irradiated by the Ti:sapphire laser using the same protocol as above detailed. "
11/01/2009 - "Lastly, both metallo-naphthalocyanines, and in particular the Pd(II) derivative, promoted an important response by the amelanotic melanoma, when the neoplastic tissue was irradiated by the pulsed Ti:sapphire laser. "
06/01/1999 - "Irradiation of amelanotic melanoma cells with 532 nm high peak power pulsed laser radiation in the presence of the photothermal sensitizer Cu(II)-hematoporphyrin: a new approach to cell photoinactivation."

01/01/1980 - "It has been found that after treatment with trypsin the antgenicity of melanotic melanoma cells increased, while the amelanotic melanoma cells lost their ability to inhibit macrophage migration."
01/01/1977 - "Reported are in vivo trials on Friend virus-leukemia (FVL), on methylcholanthren-induced fibrosarcomas of the mouse, and on amelanotic melanoma No. 3 of the Syrian hamster after treatment with halogenated pyrimidines, 5'-bromodeoxyuridine (BUDR) and 5'-iododeoxyuridine (IUDR) as to provoke genuine oncorna viruses. "