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Acrospiroma

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A rare cutaneous tumor of eccrine sweat gland origin. It is most commonly found on the extremities and is usually benign. There is no indication that heredity or external agents cause these tumors.

Also Known As:

Clear-Cell Hidradrenoma; Eccrine Acrospiroma; Nodular Hidradrenoma; Solid-Cystic Hidradenoma; Acrospiromas; Acrospiromas, Eccrine; Clear Cell Hidradrenoma; Clear-Cell Hidradrenomas; Eccrine Acrospiromas; Hidradenoma, Solid-Cystic; Hidradenomas; Hidradenomas, Solid-Cystic; Hidradrenoma, Clear-Cell; Hidradrenoma, Nodular; Hidradrenomas, Clear-Cell; Hidradrenomas, Nodular; Nodular Hidradrenomas; Solid Cystic Hidradenoma; Solid-Cystic Hidradenomas; Acrospiroma, Eccrine; Hidradenoma

Networked: 59 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 1 trials/studies)

Disease Context: Research Results

Neoplasms: 649836
- Neoplasms by Histologic Type: 1
  - Glandular and Epithelial Neoplasms: 332
    - Adenoma: 14662
      - Sweat Gland Adenoma: 5
        Acrospiroma: 59
        Poroma: 70
    - Adnexal and Skin Appendage Neoplasms
      - Sweat Gland Adenoma: 5
        Acrospiroma: 59
        Poroma: 70

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Poroma
3.	Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (Cylindroma)
4.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis)
5.	Syringoma

Experts

1.	Michal, Michal: 3 articles (10/2014 - 10/2007)
2.	Kazakov, Dmitry V: 3 articles (10/2014 - 10/2007)
3.	Hoang, Mai P: 3 articles (12/2010 - 04/2009)
4.	Kacerovska, Denisa: 2 articles (10/2014 - 01/2011)
5.	Mihm, Martin C: 2 articles (08/2010 - 04/2009)
6.	Piris, Adriano: 2 articles (08/2010 - 04/2009)
7.	Frishberg, David P: 1 article (12/2015)
8.	Mertens, Richard B: 1 article (12/2015)
9.	de Peralta-Venturina, Mariza N: 1 article (12/2015)
10.	Balzer, Bonnie L: 1 article (12/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Acrospiroma:

1.	styrene-methylmethacrylate copolymerIBA 07/01/1994 - "Pigmented hidroacanthoma simplex (HS) (intraepidermal acrospiroma)." 07/01/2010 - "From hidroacanthoma simplex to poroid hidradenoma: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemic study of poroid neoplasms and reappraisal of their histogenesis." 02/01/2012 - "The poroid family of neoplasms includes hidroacanthoma simplex, eccrine poroma, dermal duct tumor, and poroid hidradenoma. " 02/01/2002 - "Four histopathologic variants of poromas are accepted, according to the architectural features of the neoplasm: hidroacanthoma simplex or intraepidermal poroma; eccrine poroma, which is a poroma connected to the epidermis that extends to superficial dermis; dermal duct tumor, which develops when the neoplasm is composed of small, solid aggregations of poroid and cuticular cells confined to the dermis with little or no connection with the epidermis; and poroid hidradenoma, which is a solid-cystic, dermal poroma. " 02/01/2015 - "The tumors were comprised of 27 spiradenomas, 30 cylindromas, 16 hidradenomas, 19 poromas, 4 dermal duct tumors and 1 hidroacanthoma simplex. "
2.	MucinsIBA 06/01/1978 - "Previous reports have indicated the probable sweat gland origin of these tumours; one of our cases demonstrates a transition from a solid hidradenoma-like pattern to nests of tumour cells floating in mucin lakes, adding support for the sweat gland hypothesis. " 10/01/1952 - "Mucin-secreting tumours of the skin with special reference to the so-called mixed-salivary tumour of the skin and its relation to hidradenoma." 08/01/2006 - "[Case of clear cell hidradenoma with mucinous metaplasia in the forehead--immunohistochemical analysis of the mucin]." 06/01/1996 - "In addition, intracellular mucin, inclusive of goblet cells, was seen in 5 of 12 acrospiromas, 1 of 11 poromas, 5 of 8 mixed tumors, 3 of 13 spiradenomas, 1 of 5 cylindromas, 3 of 9 cases of syringocystadenoma papilliferum and 1 of 3 nipple adenomas. " 03/01/1994 - "Various adnexal tumors such as eccrine hidrocystoma, tubular apocrine adenoma, syringocystadenoma papilliferum, eccrine poroma, eccrine spiradenoma, clear cell hidradenoma, mixed cell tumor, eccrine porocarcinoma, extramammary Paget's disease and adenoid cystic carcinoma are DF3 positive, which indicates epithelial mucin production by these tumors."
3.	ParaffinIBA 04/01/2000 - "Enzymatic cell separation specimens were prepared from paraffin-embedded tissues of 18 sweat gland carcinomas (14 porocarcinomas, one classic eccrine adenocarcinoma, two microcystic adnexal carcinomas and one mostly ductal apocrine carcinoma) and 47 benign sweat gland tumours (three syringocystadenomas, five spiradenomas, 14 cylindromas, three syringomas, seven nodular hidradenomas, 10 cutaneous mixed tumours, four poromas and one apocrine hidrocystoma). " 01/01/1995 - "Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens surgically excised from 25 patients with eccrine sweat gland carcinoma (20 cases of eccrine porocarcinoma, four cases of ductal sweat gland carcinoma and one case of malignant clear cell hidradenoma) and 25 patients with eccrine acrospiroma (16 cases of eccrine poroma, four cases of poroid hidradenoma and five cases of clear cell hidradenoma) were used. " 02/01/1993 - "We conclude that sebaceous carcinoma can be distinguished from eccrine porocarcinoma, malignant clear cell hidradenoma, extramammary Paget's disease, malignant trichilemmoma, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma by histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens." 12/01/2004 - "Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 228 previously classified CANs and 27 metastatic adenocarcinomas (17 breast, 4 colon, 2 prostate, 2 ovary, 1 lung, and 1 esophagus) were immunostained with anti-CK 5/6. Anti-CK 5/6 labeled 2 of 2 proliferating trichilemmal tumors, 6 of 6 poromas, 4 of 5 hydrocystomas, 10 of 10 cylindromas, 10 of 10 eccrine acrospiromas, 8 of 10 pilomatricoma, 10 of 10 nevus sebaceus, 9 of 9 desmoplastic trichoepitheliomas, 7 of 7 nevus sebaceus with basal cell carcinomas, 10 of 10 pilar cysts, 14 of 14 trichilemmomas, 10 of 10 syringomas, 6 of 7 chondroid syringomas, 10 of 10 hidradenoma papilliferum, 9 of 9 sebaceus adenomas, 3 of 3 microcystic adnexal carcinomas, 10 of 10 eccrine spiradenomas, 4 of 4 syringocystadenoma papilliferum, 3 of 5 ocular sebaceous carcinomas, 28 of 28 basal cell carcinomas, 16 of 16 trichoepitheliomas, and 33 of 33 trichoepitheliomas with basal cell features. "
4.	Formaldehyde (Formol)FDA Link 01/01/1995 - "Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens surgically excised from 25 patients with eccrine sweat gland carcinoma (20 cases of eccrine porocarcinoma, four cases of ductal sweat gland carcinoma and one case of malignant clear cell hidradenoma) and 25 patients with eccrine acrospiroma (16 cases of eccrine poroma, four cases of poroid hidradenoma and five cases of clear cell hidradenoma) were used. " 02/01/1993 - "We conclude that sebaceous carcinoma can be distinguished from eccrine porocarcinoma, malignant clear cell hidradenoma, extramammary Paget's disease, malignant trichilemmoma, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma by histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens." 12/01/2004 - "Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 228 previously classified CANs and 27 metastatic adenocarcinomas (17 breast, 4 colon, 2 prostate, 2 ovary, 1 lung, and 1 esophagus) were immunostained with anti-CK 5/6. Anti-CK 5/6 labeled 2 of 2 proliferating trichilemmal tumors, 6 of 6 poromas, 4 of 5 hydrocystomas, 10 of 10 cylindromas, 10 of 10 eccrine acrospiromas, 8 of 10 pilomatricoma, 10 of 10 nevus sebaceus, 9 of 9 desmoplastic trichoepitheliomas, 7 of 7 nevus sebaceus with basal cell carcinomas, 10 of 10 pilar cysts, 14 of 14 trichilemmomas, 10 of 10 syringomas, 6 of 7 chondroid syringomas, 10 of 10 hidradenoma papilliferum, 9 of 9 sebaceus adenomas, 3 of 3 microcystic adnexal carcinomas, 10 of 10 eccrine spiradenomas, 4 of 4 syringocystadenoma papilliferum, 3 of 5 ocular sebaceous carcinomas, 28 of 28 basal cell carcinomas, 16 of 16 trichoepitheliomas, and 33 of 33 trichoepitheliomas with basal cell features. "
5.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 04/01/2000 - "We previously demonstrated that DNA image cytometry (ICM-DNA) can be useful in distinguishing between malignant and benign clear cell hidradenoma. " 05/01/1997 - "Identification of aneuploidy in recurrent clear cell hidradenoma by DNA image cytometry (ICM-DNA)." 10/01/2007 - "All 3 fibroadenomas, both adenosis tumors, both hidradenoma papilliferum, and the tubulolobular carcinoma proved negative for HPV DNA. "
6.	DDTIBA 01/01/1986 - "It is suggested that DDT should be regarded as a distinct eccrine gland tumor that must be differentiated from basal cell carcinoma, hidradenoma, syringoma and above all eccrine poroma." 06/01/2006 - "Other poroid neoplasms (PNs), namely hidroacanthoma simplex (HS), dermal duct tumor (DDT), and poroid hidradenoma (PH), are seldom reported. " 07/01/2010 - "Poroid neoplasms comprise classic poroma (P), hidroacanthoma simplex (HS), dermal duct tumor (DDT), and poroid hidradenoma (PH). "
7.	Carbon MonoxideIBA 08/01/1984 - "Co-expression of CEA and AEA occurred frequently in cases of syringoma, syringocystadenoma papilliferum, hidradenoma papilliferum, eccrine spiradenoma and clear cell hidradenoma. " 01/01/2015 - "Co- existence of eccrine spiradenoma with other lesions like cylindroma, trichoepithelioma, hidradenoma and chondroid syringoma has been documented in literature. " 02/01/2013 - "Five of 6 poromas and two of two hidradenomas had focal expression, and staining particularly highlighted the ducts, a co-localization also apparent in the four spiradenomas and three cylindromas. "
8.	AntibodiesIBA 02/01/2010 - "Slides and blocks of six cases of cylindroma and seven cases of nodular hidradenoma (clear cells) were analyzed by the technique of immunohistochemistry with CD15 and p63 antibodies. " 02/01/2010 - "To evaluate the eccrine and/or apocrine differentiation phenotype in cases of cylindroma and clear cell hidradenoma with CD15 and p63 antibodies. " 01/01/1995 - "Argyrophil nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) were counted and immunostaining using antibodies raised against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 was carried out on eccrine acrospiroma and eccrine sweat gland carcinoma, to determine the malignant potential and prognosis of these tumours. " 08/01/1993 - "Thirty-one dermal appendage tumors of sweat gland differentiation including 7 spiradenomas (SPA), 8 cylindromas (CYL), 8 acrospiromas (ACS), and 8 chondroid syringomas (CS) were analyzed using antibodies to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratin (AE1, AE3, CAM 5.2, 34BE12), S-100 protein, actin (ACT), and desmin (DES) to characterize the immunocytochemical profile of benign sweat gland tumors. "
9.	Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGF Receptor)IBA 08/01/2010 - "Epidermal growth factor receptor gene status by fluorescence in situ hybridization in malignant, atypical, and benign hidradenomas." 04/01/2009 - "Mean epidermal growth factor receptor total score was significantly different in benign and atypical hidradenoma when compared with that in metastasizing adnexal carcinoma (P=0.014 and 0.019, respectively). " 04/01/2009 - "We compare the histological features and Ki-67, phosphorylated histone H3, epidermal growth factor receptor, and Her2/neu expression profiles of 15 atypical and 15 malignant hidradenomas with those of benign hidradenoma and metastasizing adnexal carcinomas. "
10.	S100 Proteins (S 100 Protein)IBA 08/01/1999 - "S-100 protein in nodular hidradenoma." 08/01/1993 - "Thirty-one dermal appendage tumors of sweat gland differentiation including 7 spiradenomas (SPA), 8 cylindromas (CYL), 8 acrospiromas (ACS), and 8 chondroid syringomas (CS) were analyzed using antibodies to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratin (AE1, AE3, CAM 5.2, 34BE12), S-100 protein, actin (ACT), and desmin (DES) to characterize the immunocytochemical profile of benign sweat gland tumors. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Mohs Surgery (Mohs' Micrographic Surgery) 10/01/2013 - "Rapidly proliferating apocrine hidradenoma treated using Mohs micrographic surgery." 10/01/2011 - "Malignant nodular hidradenoma treated with Mohs micrographic surgery." 02/01/2009 - "Hidradenomas and a hidradenocarcinoma of the scalp managed using Mohs micrographic surgery and a multidisciplinary approach: case reports and review of the literature." 07/01/2000 - "Two stages of Mohs micrographic surgery and subsequent repair successfully treated the recurrent clear cell hidradenoma. " 07/01/2000 - "Using Mohs micrographic surgery, a recurrent clear cell hidradenoma of the right foot was treated. "
2.	Free Tissue Flaps 10/01/1998 - "The patient had a malignant transformation within a nodular hidradenoma involving the right postauricular area, which was treated by mass removal and a right radical neck dissection with a free-flap covering. "
3.	Neck Dissection (Radical Neck Dissection) 10/01/1998 - "The patient had a malignant transformation within a nodular hidradenoma involving the right postauricular area, which was treated by mass removal and a right radical neck dissection with a free-flap covering. "
4.	Stem Cell Transplantation 09/01/2009 - "Occurrence of poroid hidradenomas after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation."
5.	Skin Transplantation (Skin Grafting) 11/01/1990 - "Excision and skin grafting were done and a diagnosis of malignant acrospiroma was established. "