Epithelioid Leiomyoma

A relatively rare smooth muscle tumor found most frequently in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the stomach. It is similar to other smooth muscle tumors but may become very large and hemorrhage and exhibit small cystic areas. Simple excision is almost always curative. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1354)

Also Known As:

Networked: 37 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 1 trials/studies)

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Leiomyoma (Uterine Fibroids)
2.	Leiomyosarcoma
3.	Neurofibrosarcoma (MPNST)
4.	Dermatofibrosarcoma
5.	Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma (Dermatofibroma)

Experts

1.	Inagaki, Mieko: 1 article (04/2022)
2.	Kita, Ayaka: 1 article (04/2022)
3.	Kitajima, Kazuhiro: 1 article (04/2022)
4.	Maeda, Tetsuo: 1 article (04/2022)
5.	Murakoshi, Homare: 1 article (04/2022)
6.	Watanabe, Takahiro: 1 article (04/2022)
7.	Yoshida, Shigeki: 1 article (04/2022)
8.	Liu, Xishi: 1 article (01/2015)
9.	Lu, Yuan: 1 article (01/2015)
10.	Zhao, Ting: 1 article (01/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Epithelioid Leiomyoma:

1.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)FDA Link 09/01/1992 - "In this study we analysed by immunohistochemistry the expression of p53 protein in 14 malignant fibrous histocytomas (MFHs), 22 other types of sarcoma (eight leiomyosarcomas, four rhabdomyosarcomas, four liposarcomas, two fibrosarcomas, two chondrosarcomas, one malignant schwannoma, and one dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans), and 25 non-malignant mesenchymal lesions (eight dermatofibromas, four cases of nodular fasciitis, three leiomyomas, three fibromatoses, two epithelioid.leiomyomas, two neurofibromas, one schwannoma, one myositis ossificans, and one giant cell tumour of tendon sheath). " 07/01/2014 - "GIST is characterized by the expression tyrosine kinase CD117, which differentiates it from other mesenchymal tumors such as leiomyomas, leio-miosarcomas, leiomyoblastoma and neurogenic tumors that do not express this protein. "
2.	DesminIBA 01/01/1996 - "On the basis of morphology and immunohistochemical detection of desmin and smooth-muscle-type actin, the diagnosis of an epithelioid leiomyoma was made. " 08/01/1998 - "[Epithelioid gastric leiomyosarcoma (malignant leiomyoblastoma) with intense expression of smooth muscle desmin and actin]." 06/01/1991 - "Histological examinations of the surgically resected tumor further disclosed leiomyoblastoma with positive stainings of both vimentin and desmin, markers for mesenchymal cells and for muscle cells, respectively. " 10/01/2003 - "Nine cases of EGISTs from the abdominal cavity or retroperitoneum which were previously diagnosed as leiomyoma, leiomyoblastoma, or leiomyosarcoma etc. by a panel of antibodies such as CD117, CD34, alpha-SMA, MSA, desmin, S-100, and PGP9.5 from which five cases were detected for c-kit gene mutation. " 05/01/1987 - "Neoplastic cells in all the cases were positive for desmin and vimentin but were negative for S-100; antibody CAM 5.2 gave strong reactivity with tumour cells of 12 leiomyosarcomas and all leiomyomas, but failed to stain the leiomyoblastomas; LP34 weakly stained two leiomyosarcomas and one leiomyoblastoma. "
3.	VimentinIBA 06/01/1990 - "Based on the findings of being positive for Vimentin and a negative EMA, this tumor was diagnosed as being a malignant leiomyoblastoma of the stomach smooth muscle. " 01/01/1989 - "The number of neoplastic cells showing vimentin expression was larger in malignant, especially epithelioid leiomyomas than in non-malignant leiomyomas. " 06/01/1991 - "Histological examinations of the surgically resected tumor further disclosed leiomyoblastoma with positive stainings of both vimentin and desmin, markers for mesenchymal cells and for muscle cells, respectively. " 05/01/1987 - "Neoplastic cells in all the cases were positive for desmin and vimentin but were negative for S-100; antibody CAM 5.2 gave strong reactivity with tumour cells of 12 leiomyosarcomas and all leiomyomas, but failed to stain the leiomyoblastomas; LP34 weakly stained two leiomyosarcomas and one leiomyoblastoma. "
4.	ParaffinIBA 05/01/1987 - "Formalin fixed and paraffin wax embedded tissue from 13 leiomyosarcomas, three leiomyoblastomas, five leiomyomas and fresh tissue from one leiomyosarcoma and one leiomyoma was studied. " 04/01/1987 - "Paraffin-embedded archival tissue samples were used for determination of DNA ploidy by flow cytometry on 117 surgically resected gastric smooth muscle tumors (44 leiomyosarcomas, 53 leiomyomas, and 20 benign leiomyoblastomas). " 11/01/1993 - "Paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 51 surgically resected, gastrointestinal smooth muscle tumors (10 leiomyomas, 5 leiomyoblastomas and 36 leiomyosarcomas) were assayed for nuclear DNA content, and the results were examined for correlation with clinico-pathological variables (tumor size, cellularity and mitosis) and prognosis. " 08/01/1990 - "In formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material, six of 40 leiomyomas, two of five leiomyosarcomas and one leiomyoblastoma were immunoreactive for cytokeratin in a few tumor cells. "
5.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 01/01/1981 - "From the viewpoint of nuclear DNA content, leiomyoblastoma was between leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma. " 01/01/1981 - "Comparative study on the nuclear DNA content of leiomyoma, leiomyoblastoma and leiomyosarcoma of the stomach and small intestine." 04/01/1993 - "The histologic type was leiomyoma in 14, leiomyosarcoma in 29, and leiomyoblastoma in 2. DNA aneuploidy was more frequent in leiomyosarcoma (17/29) than leiomyoma (5/14), but the difference was not statistically significant. " 04/01/1987 - "In comparison, the 20 benign leiomyoblastomas had more frequent abnormal DNA histograms: DNA tetraploidy/polyploidy in 5 (25%) and DNA aneuploidy in 2 (10%). " 01/01/1981 - "The nuclear DNA content of tumor cells in 5 leiomyomas, 4 leiomyoblastomas and 2 leiomyosarcomas of the stomach and 1 leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine was examined. "
6.	AntibodiesIBA 03/01/1993 - "The authors report a complex case in which chronic lymphoid leukaemia was associated with leiomyoblastoma of the digestive tract and cutaneous thrombosing vasculitis with serum anti-cardiolipin antibodies. " 01/01/1991 - "One case originally considered an epithelioid leiomyoma on light microscopy was later diagnosed as a uterine tumor with sex cord features following strong positive immunostaining with keratin/cytokeratin antibodies and negative staining with antidesmin. " 10/01/2003 - "Nine cases of EGISTs from the abdominal cavity or retroperitoneum which were previously diagnosed as leiomyoma, leiomyoblastoma, or leiomyosarcoma etc. by a panel of antibodies such as CD117, CD34, alpha-SMA, MSA, desmin, S-100, and PGP9.5 from which five cases were detected for c-kit gene mutation. "
7.	Keratins (Keratin)IBA 01/01/1991 - "One case originally considered an epithelioid leiomyoma on light microscopy was later diagnosed as a uterine tumor with sex cord features following strong positive immunostaining with keratin/cytokeratin antibodies and negative staining with antidesmin. " 08/01/1990 - "In formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material, six of 40 leiomyomas, two of five leiomyosarcomas and one leiomyoblastoma were immunoreactive for cytokeratin in a few tumor cells. "
8.	Formaldehyde (Formol)FDA Link 05/01/1987 - "Formalin fixed and paraffin wax embedded tissue from 13 leiomyosarcomas, three leiomyoblastomas, five leiomyomas and fresh tissue from one leiomyosarcoma and one leiomyoma was studied. " 08/01/1990 - "In formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material, six of 40 leiomyomas, two of five leiomyosarcomas and one leiomyoblastoma were immunoreactive for cytokeratin in a few tumor cells. "
9.	Coloring Agents (Dyes)IBA 10/01/2006 - "Histopathological findings of the lesion and immunohistochemical stain results are characteristic of myxoid epithelioid leiomyoma. " 05/01/1987 - "Neoplastic cells in all the cases were positive for desmin and vimentin but were negative for S-100; antibody CAM 5.2 gave strong reactivity with tumour cells of 12 leiomyosarcomas and all leiomyomas, but failed to stain the leiomyoblastomas; LP34 weakly stained two leiomyosarcomas and one leiomyoblastoma. "
10.	A-Form DNA (A-DNA)IBA 01/01/1981 - "A definite difference in nuclear DNA content exists among leiomyoma, leiomyoblastoma and leiomyosarcoma, and percentage of nuclei with a DNA content of 3 times or 4 times over the basic chromosome content represented good indices for distinguishing between benign and malignant conditions. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Laparotomy 01/01/2014 - "A case of unilateral absent ovary together with clear cell type epithelioid leiomyoma of uterus mimicking ovarian malignancy discovered during laparotomy is presented. " 02/01/1997 - "During the laparotomy, a leiomyoblastoma and multiple leiomyomas, which were histologically diagnosed as such later, were found in the small intestine and resected. " 04/01/1989 - "A case of gastric leiomyoblastoma with liver and lymph node metastases occurring in a 31-year-old man, who has been alive with the tumor but without symptoms for more than 18 years after only an exploratory laparotomy without resection, is reported. "
2.	Gastrectomy 02/01/1991 - "A case of gastric leiomyoblastoma in a 7-year-old girl, who underwent partial gastrectomy combined with complete removal of perigastric lymph nodes, is reported. " 08/01/1985 - "In one other case with a tumour in the antrum, a distal partial gastrectomy was performed, and in the case with leiomyoblastoma a proximal gastrectomy was performed. " 02/01/1997 - "He underwent a subtotal gastrectomy for a non-metastasizing leiomyoblastoma, grade 1. But already 5 months later, he developed an invasive non-resectable local recurrence of high grade malignancy and died 3 month after a second look. "
3.	Salpingectomy 04/01/2022 - "Since benign tumors could not be confidently diagnosed using these MRI findings, total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy was performed, and a pathological diagnosis of epithelioid leiomyoma of the uterus was established. "
4.	Cystectomy 01/01/2012 - "The patient underwent partial cystectomy and histopathologic findings confirmed the diagnosis of epithelioid leiomyoma. "
5.	Therapeutics 01/01/1994 - "Based on a review of the literature, we recalled the latest advances in diagnosis and therapy for leiomyoblastoma of the stomach."