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Cystic Lymphangioma (Hygroma)

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A cystic growth originating from lymphatic tissue. It is usually found in the neck, axilla, or groin.

Also Known As:

Hygroma; Cystic Hygroma; Lymphangioma, Cystic; Cystic Hygroma Colli; Colli, Cystic Hygroma; Cystic Hygromas; Cystic Lymphangiomas; Hygroma Colli, Cystic; Hygromas; Hygromas, Cystic; Lymphangiomas, Cystic; Hygroma, Cystic

Networked: 306 relevant articles (11 outcomes, 13 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Neoplasms: 649836
- Neoplasms by Histologic Type: 1
  - Lymphatic Vessel Tumors: 3
    - Lymphangioma: 480
      - Cystic Lymphangioma: 306
        familial Nuchal bleb: 29

Related Diseases

1.	Lymphangioma (Cavernous Lymphangioma)
2.	Cysts
3.	Rupture
4.	Hypersplenism (Anemia, Splenic)
5.	Turner Syndrome (Turner's Syndrome)

Experts

1.	Chen, Chih-Ping: 5 articles (03/2012 - 07/2005)
2.	Fryns, J P: 3 articles (01/2008 - 01/2000)
3.	Witters, I: 3 articles (01/2008 - 01/2000)
4.	Bianchi, Diana W: 2 articles (05/2013 - 09/2007)
5.	Lönn, Lars: 2 articles (01/2013 - 04/2004)
6.	Bhutani, M S: 2 articles (01/2012 - 07/2001)
7.	Wang, Wayseen: 2 articles (03/2011 - 12/2009)
8.	Wu, Pei-Chen: 2 articles (03/2011 - 12/2009)
9.	Fukase, Shigeru: 2 articles (06/2010 - 03/2003)
10.	Ohta, Nobuo: 2 articles (06/2010 - 03/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Cystic Lymphangioma:

1.	PicibanilIBA 11/01/2008 - "Treatment with OK-432 is useful in the management of cystic lymphangiomas in adults and should be considered as first line treatment." 11/01/2008 - "A case report and review of the literature concerning the use of OK-432 to treat cystic lymphangioma is presented. " 11/01/2008 - "We report an adult case of cystic lymphangioma treated with OK-432 (Picibanil). " 11/01/2008 - "Adult cystic hygroma: successful use of OK-432 (Picibanil)." 07/01/2008 - "We retrospectively analyzed the data of 8 infants (age: 2 weeks-12 months) who got Picibanil therapy because of cystic hygroma in the time period 2002 until 2006. "
2.	Bleomycin (Blenoxane)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2010 - "Intralesional bleomycin injection is useful for the treatment of cystic hygroma. " 05/01/2010 - "The aim of this study was to review the results after cystic hygroma treatment using intralesional bleomycin injection over a 16-year period at a tertiary hospital for pediatric patients in Thailand. " 07/01/2012 - "Complete resolution of cystic hygroma with single session of intralesional bleomycin." 05/01/2010 - "Ten patients underwent modified operation, that is the extracapsular dissection performed under direct vision after open cystic, from July 1998 to March 2008, a patients who had operative procedure in other hospital with recurrence and a 1 year child received local injection of bleomycin A 5. Cystic lymphangioma were complete excised in 10 surgical patients, without any complication like nerve injury. " 05/01/2010 - "Medical records of patients with cystic hygroma treated by intralesional bleomycin injection between 1992 and 2007 were reviewed. "
3.	Fibrin Tissue Adhesive (Fibrin Sealant)IBA 12/01/2009 - "Tissue fibrin glue is adhesive and hemostatic and highly useful in the treatment of orbital cystic lymphangioma." 08/01/1999 - "These results support the fact that the puncture, aspiration, followed by injection of Tissucol, is a choice in the surgical treatment of cystic lymphangioma." 08/01/1999 - "The authors present 19 cases of cystic lymphangioma, treated with fibrin sealant injected into the lesion, during the 1991 to 1997 period. " 08/01/1999 - "Long-term follow-up of nineteen cystic lymphangiomas treated with fibrin sealant." 01/01/1996 - "[Cystic lymphangioma: treatment with adhesive fibrin tissue. "
4.	styrene-methylmethacrylate copolymerIBA 02/01/1985 - "Histopathologic differentiation of the lesions into simplex, cavernous, and cystic lymphangiomas was not helpful in predicting clinical behavior. " 03/01/2011 - "Lymphangioma are of 3 types-simplex, cavernous and cystic lymphangioma. "
5.	alpha-Fetoproteins (AFP)IBA 04/01/1998 - "In complete mole alpha-fetoprotein molecules were of the yolk sac type, whereas they were of the liver type in nuchal and hygroma fluid. " 04/01/1998 - "The vesicular fluid from the partial mole, fetal serum, and nuchal and hygroma fluid contained extremely high alpha-fetoprotein concentrations, which were significantly higher that those found in amniotic fluid. " 04/01/1998 - "The nuchal and hygroma fluid composition was similar except for total protein and alpha-fetoprotein concentrations, which were significantly higher in nuchal than in hygroma fluid. " 01/01/1997 - "These include karyotype, alpha-fetoprotein levels, sonographic findings in the fetus and within the hygroma itself, and natural history. " 10/01/1989 - "It is clear from our cases that maternal serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein will not necessarily be elevated and will not serve as a screening mechanism for cystic hygromas."
6.	Dihydrotachysterol (AT 10)IBA 01/01/2007 - "The aim of this study was to determine the course of pregnancy and the neonatal outcome of fetuses with cystic hygroma diagnosed at 10-14 weeks' gestation. " 10/01/2005 - "A prospective study of pregnancy outcome in fetuses with increased nuchal translucency above the 95th centile (group NT) or cystic hygroma (group CH) at 10 to 14 weeks of gestation was performed. " 01/01/2003 - "Thirty cases of septated cystic hygromas were diagnosed at 10-15 weeks gestation by transabdominal ultrasound and followed through pregnancy. " 01/01/1994 - "With the increasing use of chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis at 10 to 12 weeks of gestation, trisomy 21 may be a common finding in fetuses with cystic hygromas." 02/01/2009 - "In case 1, sonographic evaluation revealed ectopia cordis, omphalocele, and cystic hygroma at 10 weeks' gestation. "
7.	Ullrich-Turner syndromeIBA 08/08/1997 - "The purpose of this study was to analyze the cervical skeleton in fetuses with Ullrich-Turner syndrome (45,X) in a search for skeletal characteristics in the neck region affected by hygroma. " 11/01/1990 - "[Hygroma colli in the ultrasound image as an early indication of fetal Ullrich-Turner syndrome]." 01/01/1987 - "Posterior cervical hygroma, once considered diagnostic of fetal Ullrich-Turner syndrome, is now recognized as being a nonspecific malformation found in a number of unrelated conditions. " 07/01/1982 - "Brief clinical report: not all cystic hygromas occur in the Ullrich-Turner syndrome." 12/01/2000 - "The female fetus with a predominant 45,X set of chromosomes and the typical intrauterine signs of the Ullrich-Turner syndrome (massive hygroma colli, hydrops fetalis and multiple cardiac defects) died during the 25th week of gestation due to cardiac decompensation. "
8.	alcoholic prolamine solutionIBA 05/01/1999 - "Lymphatic malformations may be cystic or tissular: the cystic lymphangioma, a soft swelling of often healthy skin, with compartments separated by septa on ultrasound scan, is usually treated by ethibloc embolisation. " 01/01/1997 - "[Evaluation of the treatment of cystic lymphangioma by percutaneous injection of Ethibloc in 20 patients]." 06/01/1993 - "The authors report the use of Ethibloc in the treatment of cystic lymphangiomas and venous angiomas in 19 children. " 09/01/2008 - "The present study reports a case of percutaneous sclerotherapy of a giant mediastinal cystic lymphangioma using Ethibloc (Ethicon, Norderstedt, Germany) and absolute ethanol in a 59-yr-old female. " 01/01/1992 - "As far as venous hemangiomas and cystic lymphangiomas are concerned, the greatest basic therapeutic means today is direct puncture and the in situ injection of a fibrosing substance under angiographic monitoring: the use of Ethibloc or, failing this, of absolute alcohol, has dramatically transformed the prognosis of these malformations, for which the surgical difficulties are well known (easy rupture, blood that often fails to coagulate, life-long progressive evolution).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)"
9.	Sclerosing Solutions (Sclerosing Agents)IBA 08/01/2014 - "The results of this study indicate that most patients with cystic lymphangiomas do not show complete resolution after the initial therapy, regardless of whether the therapy is surgical or involves the use of sclerosing agents. " 10/01/1976 - "Sclerosing agents and radiation therapy was not effective treatment of cystic hygromas. " 04/29/1998 - "Large cystic lymphangiomas of the neck (hygroma colli) have traditionally been treated surgically or by local injection of various sclerosing agents. "
10.	Estriol (Epiestriol)IBA 03/01/2002 - "Estriol was significantly lower when a fetal cystic hygroma was detected on ultrasound compared to those with no cystic hygroma (0.40 vs. 0.70 MoM, p<0.05). " 01/01/1996 - "The goal of this study was to determine if the multiple marker screening test (maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein, unconjugated estriol, human chorionic gonadotrophin, and maternal age) detects fetal Turner syndrome or just cystic hygroma/hydrops. " 09/01/2007 - "All patients had a first-trimester nuchal translucency scan, and those without cystic hygroma had a combined test (nuchal translucency, pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, and free beta-hCG) and returned at 15-18 weeks for a second-trimester quadruple screen (serum alpha-fetoprotein, total hCG, unconjugated estriol, and inhibin-A). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Splenectomy 10/01/2007 - "Laparoscopic splenectomy is the best treatment for patients with suspected cystic lymphangioma. " 01/01/2010 - ".Histologic study after splenectomy confirmed the diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma of the spleen." 03/01/2014 - "Laparoscopic splenectomy is a preferred treatment for patients with suspected cystic lymphangioma. " 11/01/1990 - "The diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma was made at the pathological examination of the specimen after splenectomy. " 11/10/1978 - "The present case merits consideration for three reasons: 1) The absolutely exceptional nature of cystic lymphangioma of the spleen; 2) Exceptional association with hypersplenism syndrome; 3) Remission of the syndrome following splenectomy. "
2.	Sclerotherapy 03/01/2015 - "Treatment of cystic lymphangioma by transcatheter lymphatic sclerotherapy and embolization." 05/01/2014 - "Regression of cervical cystic hygroma with a single session of sclerotherapy." 04/01/2007 - "Ultrasound showed some features consistent with a cystic hygroma and both sclerotherapy and surgical excision were discussed with the family. " 07/01/2012 - "New treatment for cystic lymphangiomas of the face and neck: cyst wall rupture and cyst aspiration combined with sclerotherapy." 07/01/2012 - "In recent years, OK-432 sclerotherapy has become the first-line therapy for cystic lymphangioma, and many reports have discussed its effectiveness. "
3.	Decompression 02/01/2011 - "They conclude that the possibility of subdural hygromas should be considered in all patients presenting with increased intracranial tension following foramen magnum decompression for Chiari malformation Type I. Immediate neuroimaging and appropriate surgical intervention provides a good outcome." 06/01/2014 - "A paediatric case of foramen magnum decompression for Chiari Type I malformation complicated by recurrent subdural hygromas (SH) and raised intracranial pressure without ventriculomegaly is described. " 06/01/2014 - "Recurrent subdural hygromas after foramen magnum decompression for Chiari Type I malformation." 05/01/2011 - "Decompression of the foramen magnum for symptomatic Chiari malformation attends a small but significant risk of infratentorial subdural extra-arachnoid hygroma when an arachnoid-sparing procedure is attempted. " 02/01/2011 - "Symptomatic posterior fossa and supratentorial subdural hygromas as a rare complication following foramen magnum decompression for Chiari malformation Type I."
4.	Intralesional Injections 01/01/2011 - "It has been also successfully used in intralesional injection treatment of cystic hygromas and haemangiomas, based specifically on a high sclerosing effect on vascular endothelium. " 03/01/2000 - "Intralesional injection of OK-432 was safe and effective therapy for cystic hygroma in this newborn as its inflammatory reaction was localised." 01/01/2004 - "Bleomycin has been successfully used in intralesional injection treatment of cystic hygromas and haemangiomas, based specifically on a high sclerosing effect on vascular endothelium. " 02/01/2002 - "Intralesional injection of OK-432 is effective therapy for cystic hygroma as a primary therapy." 01/01/2000 - "The above-mentioned results lead to a search for a new therapeutic modality, and the authors have recently taken up the Japanese way of treating hygromas by intralesional injection of OK-432. "
5.	Bandages (Bandage) 07/01/2015 - "This closed drainage system eliminated the need for the postoperative bandage care required with the use of the Penrose (passive) drain method of managing elbow hygromas. "