Antiporters

Membrane transporters that co-transport two or more dissimilar molecules in the opposite direction across a membrane. Usually the transport of one ion or molecule is against its electrochemical gradient and is "powered" by the movement of another ion or molecule with its electrochemical gradient.

Also Known As:

Networked: 369 relevant articles (10 outcomes, 30 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Singh, Gurmit: 11 articles (05/2019 - 01/2010)
2.	Massie, Ann: 8 articles (01/2022 - 10/2008)
3.	Sato, Hideyo: 8 articles (01/2022 - 10/2008)
4.	Linher-Melville, Katja: 6 articles (01/2019 - 07/2015)
5.	Bentea, Eduard: 5 articles (01/2022 - 04/2015)
6.	Roh, Jong-Lyel: 5 articles (01/2022 - 10/2016)
7.	Cavallo, Federica: 5 articles (01/2021 - 01/2016)
8.	Conti, Laura: 5 articles (01/2021 - 01/2016)
9.	Ruiu, Roberto: 5 articles (01/2021 - 01/2016)
10.	Thakker, Rajesh V: 5 articles (04/2013 - 11/2007)

Related Diseases

1.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 07/01/2015 - "This investigation provides evidence that xCT expression is regulated by STAT3 and/or STAT5A, functionally affecting the antiporter in human breast cancer cells. " 10/14/2013 - "Glutamine sensitivity analysis identifies the xCT antiporter as a common triple-negative breast tumor therapeutic target." 01/01/2019 - "Fighting breast cancer stem cells through the immune-targeting of the xCT cystine-glutamate antiporter." 01/01/2018 - "Breast cancer cells release the signalling molecule glutamate via the system xC- antiporter, which is upregulated to exchange extracellular cystine for intracellular glutamate to protect against oxidative stress. " 01/01/2020 - "Immunotargeting of the xCT Cystine/Glutamate Antiporter Potentiates the Efficacy of HER2-Targeted Immunotherapies in Breast Cancer."
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 09/25/2005 - "The role of pH dynamics and the Na+/H+ antiporter in the etiopathogenesis and treatment of cancer. " 02/01/1996 - "The intracellular pH (pHi) dependence curve of the antiporter was shifted toward more acidic values, and optimal pH1 was lower in cancer patients than in controls (5.80 +/- 0.03 versus 6.08 +/- 0.02; P < 0.0001). " 02/01/1996 - "Cooperativity of the Na+/H+ antiporter is the same in cancer patients and controls (2.58 +/- 0.27 versus 2.60 +/- 0.15). " 01/01/2020 - "While changes to system xc - function has been linked to cancer and neurodegenerative disease, there is limited research on the roles of system xc - in the different tissues of the eye, and links between the antiporter, aging, and ocular disease. " 10/15/2019 - "The inhibition of the xC- antiporter may lead to Cys starvation in some cancer cells, eventually resulting in cancer cell death."
3.	Neurodegenerative Diseases (Neurodegenerative Disease) 06/01/2007 - "The study of the expression and developmental profile of xCT represents a first step towards a better characterization of its biochemical properties and function, which in turn may help to understand the relative contribution of the x (c) (-) antiporter in the pathogenesis of certain neurodegenerative diseases." 01/01/2020 - "While changes to system xc - function has been linked to cancer and neurodegenerative disease, there is limited research on the roles of system xc - in the different tissues of the eye, and links between the antiporter, aging, and ocular disease. " 12/01/2004 - "In conclusion, although studies concerning the involvement of NCX in the pathological mechanisms underlying brain injury during neurodegenerative diseases started later than those related to heart disease, the availability of pharmacological agents able to selectively modulate each NCX subtype activity and antiporter mode of operation will provide a better understanding of its pathophysiological role and, consequently, more promising approaches to treat these neurological disorders." 01/01/2019 - "System xc- (Sxc- ), a cystine-glutamate antiporter, is established as an interesting target for the treatment of several pathologies including epileptic seizures, glioma, neurodegenerative diseases, and multiple sclerosis. " 04/01/2013 - "Cell death in response to oxidative stress plays a role in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases and can be studied in detail in the neuronal cell line HT22, where extracellular glutamate causes glutathione depletion by inhibition of the glutamate/cystine antiporter system xc(-), elevation of reactive oxygen species and eventually programmed cell death caused by cytotoxic calcium influx. "
4.	Epilepsy (Aura) 06/20/2014 - "The aim of this study was to analyze the pathway through which growth factor and PI3K signaling induce the cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc(-) and to demonstrate its biological significance for neuroprotection, cell growth, and epilepsy. " 01/01/2022 - "This study explored the efficacy of targeting an astrocytic glutamate antiporter, SXC, as a novel antiepileptic drug (AED) target and further characterized a unique mouse model in which chronic astrogliosis is sufficient to induce spontaneous seizures and epilepsy. " 03/01/2019 - "Although the cystine/glutamate antiporter System xc - (Sxc -) plays a permissive role in glioma-associated seizures, its contribution to other acquired epilepsies has not been determined. "
5.	Seizures (Absence Seizure) 10/01/2020 - "Glioma cells release glutamate via the Xc- antiporter system, which appears to be a major pathomechanism of glioma-associated seizures and excitotoxicity. " 01/01/2020 - "Long before seizures, coincident with loss of inhibitory cells and their protective scaffolding, gain of glial glutamate antiporter xCT expression, and reactive astrocytosis, we detected local Iba1+ microglial inflammation that intensified and later extended far beyond tumor boundaries. " 01/01/2022 - "This study explored the efficacy of targeting an astrocytic glutamate antiporter, SXC, as a novel antiepileptic drug (AED) target and further characterized a unique mouse model in which chronic astrogliosis is sufficient to induce spontaneous seizures and epilepsy. " 03/01/2019 - "Although the cystine/glutamate antiporter System xc - (Sxc -) plays a permissive role in glioma-associated seizures, its contribution to other acquired epilepsies has not been determined. " 05/01/2018 - "High expression of cystine-glutamate antiporter xCT (SLC7A11) is an independent biomarker for epileptic seizures at diagnosis in glioma."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Glutamic Acid (Glutamate)
2.	Cystine (L-Cystine)
3.	Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase
4.	Glutathione (Reduced Glutathione)
5.	Reactive Oxygen Species (Oxygen Radicals)
6.	Ions
7.	Heme Oxygenase-1
8.	Malondialdehyde (Propanedial)
9.	Anticonvulsants (Antiepileptic Drugs)
10.	Iron

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Immunotherapy
2.	Radiotherapy
3.	Therapeutics
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
5.	Kampo Medicine (Kampo)