Oral Lichen Planus

Oral lesions accompanying cutaneous lichen planus or often occurring alone. The buccal mucosa, lips, gingivae, floor of the mouth, and palate are usually affected (in a descending order of frequency). Typically, oral lesions consist of radiating white or gray, velvety, threadlike lines, arranged in a reticular pattern, at the intersection of which there may be minute, white, elevated dots or streaks (Wickham's striae). (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry)

Also Known As:

Lichen Planus, Oral

Networked: 1485 relevant articles (150 outcomes, 361 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Oral Leukoplakia
2.	Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
3.	Infections
4.	Stomatitis
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer)

Experts

1.	Zhou, Gang: 22 articles (04/2022 - 03/2005)
2.	Chen, Qianming: 17 articles (01/2022 - 02/2008)
3.	Zhang, Jing: 15 articles (11/2021 - 08/2011)
4.	Zeng, Xin: 15 articles (11/2020 - 06/2008)
5.	Sun, Andy: 14 articles (11/2018 - 04/2002)
6.	Wang, Yufeng: 12 articles (05/2022 - 09/2015)
7.	Thongprasom, Kobkan: 12 articles (11/2021 - 03/2006)
8.	Du, Guanhuan: 12 articles (01/2021 - 06/2016)
9.	Tang, Guoyao: 12 articles (01/2021 - 02/2015)
10.	Cheng, Bin: 11 articles (01/2022 - 03/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Oral Lichen Planus:

1.	Tacrolimus (Prograf)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2022 - "Topical tacrolimus has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP). " 03/01/2014 - "Studies have shown that topical tacrolimus is effective for a broad spectrum of mucocutaneous diseases, including oral lichen planus. " 12/01/2004 - "Topical tacrolimus is effective for the treatment of oral lichen planus. " 12/01/2004 - "Topical tacrolimus has been reported to be effective for the treatment of oral lichen planus. " 12/01/2016 - "Comment on: 'Efficacy of topical tacrolimus for oral lichen planus: real-life experience in a retrospective cohort of patients with a review of the literature' by Ribero et al. (2015)."
2.	Ointments (Pastes)IBA 03/01/2005 - "It did not have a significantly different therapeutic efficacy from the commercial paste dosage form in the treatment of oral lichen planus." 08/01/2008 - "Pimecrolimus in an adhesive ointment is safe and effective in long-term treatment for oral lichen planus." 04/01/2004 - "Pimecrolimus in an adhesive ointment as a new treatment option for oral lichen planus." 03/01/2022 - "Comparative efficacy of topical coconut cream and clobetasol propionate ointment for the management of oral lichen planus: A double-blinded randomized control trial." 01/01/2016 - "To investigate the efficacy of 0.1% tacrolimus with Colgate Oraguard-B paste for the treatment of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP). "
3.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 01/01/2018 - "Topical corticosteroids are considered to be the most effective treatment for oral lichen planus (OLP). " 02/01/2008 - "Existing clinical trials have shown that topical corticosteroids are often effective in the management of oral lichen planus (OLP). " 03/01/2004 - "This study aimed to characterize the clinical profile of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and to evaluate the efficacy of topical, systemic and/or intralesional corticosteroids in the management of symptomatic cases. " 09/01/2003 - "This study aimed to characterize the clinical profile of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and to evaluate the efficacy of topical, systemic and/or intralesional corticosteroids in the management of symptomatic cases. " 10/01/2017 - "MEDLINE-PubMed; CENTRAL, and LILACS were searched in May 2016 to identify all clinical trials evaluating aloe vera vs placebo or corticosteroids for treatment of oral lichen planus. "
4.	Triamcinolone Acetonide (Azmacort)FDA LinkGeneric 10/23/2022 - "Synergistic Efficacy of Plaque Control with Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection on Erosive Non-Gingival Oral Lichen Planus: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial." 05/01/2022 - "Efficacy of Spirulina 500 mg vs Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% for the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Randomized Clinical Trial." 03/01/2005 - "The stability of a triamcinolone acetonide mouthwash and its efficacy in treating oral lichen planus are described. " 03/01/2005 - "Formulation and efficacy of triamcinolone acetonide mouthwash for treating oral lichen planus." 01/01/2023 - "Comparison of topical purslane & topical 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide in the management of oral lichen planus - a double blinded clinical trial."
5.	1-phenyl-3,3-dimethyltriazene (PDT)IBA 12/01/2018 - "PDT could be used as a complementary treatment method for symptomatic resistant OLP lesions, although our findings necessitate further research to validate the efficacy of this method for control of resistant oral lichen planus." 01/01/2007 - "PDT following topical application of photosensitiser (metylene blue and methyl-ALA) has shown improvement in cutaneous diseases of the oral mucous membrane such as oral lichen planus. " 09/01/2022 - "We present a case illustrating the feasibility of PDT in the treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP). " 01/01/2013 - "Oral lichen planus treated with MAL-PDT showed lasting improvement after a single treatment." 11/04/2020 - "Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new option for oral lichen planus (OLP) management; however, there are different opinions on the efficacy of PDT for OLP. "
6.	Clobetasol (Clobetasol Propionate)FDA LinkGeneric 12/22/2022 - "The a im of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of Nigella sativa (75% v/v) cream and clobetasol propionate (0.05% w/w) gel for the management of oral lichen planus (OLP). " 12/22/2022 - "Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of Nigella sativa (75% v/v) cream and clobetasol propionate (0.05% w/w) gel in oral lichen planus-a double-blinded randomized control trial." 01/01/2023 - "Objectives: The purpose of this randomized parallel clinical trial was to assess and compare the efficacy of 97% Aloe Vera (AV) gel and 94.7% AV juice against an active control (0.05% Clobetasol Propionate) in the treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP). " 01/01/2023 - "Efficacy of Aloe Vera and Clobetasol Propionate in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus: A Randomized Parallel Clinical Trial." 04/27/2023 - "The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of this state in patients with oral lichen planus treated with topical clobetasol propionate. "
7.	SteroidsIBA 01/01/2022 - "Although topical steroids are an effective treatment for oral lichen planus, they can have suppressive effects on oral immunity and predispose the patients to Candida overgrowth. " 04/01/1996 - "Results from this study show that a novel delivery method and treatment protocol for the application of topical steroids onto lesional mucosa is useful for the symptomatic control of oral lichen planus." 01/01/2019 - "Clinical diagnosis of erosive oral lichen planus was made and topical steroid was started. " 09/01/2018 - "To examine the factors which affect the improvement or the recurrence of disease after intralesional steroid injection in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP). " 10/01/2015 - "An 81-year-old HIV-negative woman, treated for 3 months with topical steroids for oral lichen planus, developed an asymptomatic white, corrugated, non-removable plaque with vertical folds on the lateral edge of the tongue. "
8.	CurcuminIBA 01/01/2023 - "Is Curcumin a Safe and Effective Therapeutic in the Treatment against Oral Lichen Planus?" 09/01/2019 - "Clinical safety and efficacy of curcumin use for oral lichen planus: a systematic review." 04/01/2019 - "Conduct a PROSPERO registered (CRD42018105227) systematic review of the efficacy of curcumin in the treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP). " 04/01/2017 - "Hence, this intervention study was done to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin oral gel in the management of oral lichen planus. " 05/01/2016 - "Evaluation of the Efficacy of Curcumin in the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Randomized Controlled Trial."
9.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 01/01/2007 - "The characteristics of oral lichen planus (OLP) provoke investigators to explore possible biomarkers by which to monitor disease activity and therapeutic efficacy. " 01/01/2018 - "Intraepithelial CD8+ lymphocytes as a predictive diagnostic biomarker for the remission of oral lichen planus." 12/01/2011 - "The purpose of our pilot study was to investigate feasibility of using salivary ET-1 as a biomarker for OSCC in two groups: oral lichen planus (OLP) patients and patients with OSCC in remission. " 05/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to establish a stable in vitro culture system for keratinocytes obtained from oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions and evaluate cultured keratinocyte characteristics including cell morphology, ultrastructure, and expression of biomarkers. " 10/01/2023 - "Salivary biomarkers to evaluate psychological disorders in oral lichen planus: A systematic review with meta-analysis."
10.	Betamethasone (Celestone)FDA Link 08/01/2023 - "To evaluate the short-term efficacy of low-concentration betamethasone mouthwash for severe erosive oral lichen planus (EOLP). " 05/01/2014 - "Erratum to "Efficacy of intralesional betamethasone for erosive oral lichen planus and evaluation of recurrence: a randomized, controlled trial [Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013;116:584-590]." 11/01/2013 - "Efficacy of intralesional betamethasone for erosive oral lichen planus and evaluation of recurrence: a randomized, controlled trial." 11/01/2013 - "This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of intralesional betamethasone in erosive oral lichen planus and to evaluate relapse of erosion. " 12/01/2016 - "Physicochemical and in vitro mucoadhesive properties of microparticles/discs of betamethasone for the management of oral lichen planus."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 10/01/2021 - "In the search for more effective and safe treatment avenues, we investigated cold physical plasma as a new treatment modality for therapy of oral lichen planus (OLP). " 04/01/2008 - "The use of compound light yellow Sophora root collutory is one of the safe and effective local therapies on oral lichen planus." 04/11/2023 - "Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy in Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review." 01/01/2020 - "In recent years, a large number of studies have been published evaluating the therapy of oral lichen planus. " 11/01/2017 - "This narrative review focuses on the rationale and role of conventional and newer therapies in the management of oral lichen planus (OLP) with emphasis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported over two decades. "
2.	Photochemotherapy (Photodynamic Therapy) 01/22/2023 - "The aim of the study was to clinically evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in treatment of the reticular form of oral lichen planus (OLP). " 03/01/2019 - "Background The aim of the study was to clinically evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in treatment of reticular oral lichen planus (OLP). " 03/01/2019 - "A clinical evaluation of efficacy of photodynamic therapy in treatment of reticular oral lichen planus: A case series." 04/01/2018 - "Efficacy of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of symptomatic oral lichen planus: A systematic review." 06/01/2017 - "A clinical evaluation of the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of erosive oral lichen planus: A case series."
3.	Low-Level Light Therapy (LLLT) 07/01/2021 - "Photobiomodulation is effective in oral lichen planus: A randomized, controlled, double-blind study." 10/08/2018 - "Efficacy of photobiomodulation on oral lichen planus: a protocol study for a double-blind, randomised controlled clinical trial." 04/01/2022 - "This randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the efficacy of topical aloe vera with low-level laser therapy in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP). " 04/01/2022 - "Comparative efficacy of topical aloe vera and low-level laser therapy in the management of oral lichen planus: a randomized clinical trial." 08/01/2017 - "Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in management of symptomatic oral lichen planus: a systematic review."
4.	Gas Lasers 10/30/2023 - "Is CO2 laser vaporisation a good choice for the treatment of oral lichen planus?" 07/10/2023 - "CO2 laser vaporisation in treating oral lichen planus: A split-mouth randomised clinical trial." 11/01/2021 - "Treatment of Plaque-Like Oral Lichen Planus with CO2 Laser." 10/01/2015 - "Clinical trial analyzing the impact of continuous defocused CO2 laser vaporisation on the malignant transformation of erosive oral lichen planus." 01/01/2011 - "CO2 laser was used to remove the lesion and the conclusive histopathological diagnosis was oral lichen planus. "
5.	Injections 07/01/2023 - "Both injectable TA and PRF were effective in the management of oral lichen planus. " 07/01/2023 - "Efficacy of injectable platelet-rich fibrin in the treatment of symptomatic oral lichen planus." 01/01/2021 - "Efficacy of injectable platelet-rich fibrin in the erosive oral lichen planus: a split-mouth, randomized, controlled clinical trial." 07/01/2023 - "We conducted a split-mouth study to evaluate the effectiveness of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) compared with triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in the treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP). " 01/01/2021 - "Our study compared the effects of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) with those of corticosteroids in the treatment of erosive oral lichen planus (EOLP). "