Hypophosphatemia

A condition of an abnormally low level of PHOSPHATES in the blood. Severe hypophosphatemia (below 1 mg/liter) can affect every organ in the body leading to HEMOLYSIS; LASSITUDE; SEIZURES; and COMA. Chronic hypophosphatemia can lead to MUSCLE WEAKNESS; and bone diseases, such as RICKETS and OSTEOMALACIA.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1321 relevant articles (35 outcomes, 68 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Hypocalcemia
2.	Hypercalcemia (Milk Alkali Syndrome)
3.	Osteomalacia
4.	Hypercalciuria
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer)

Experts

1.	Fukumoto, Seiji: 14 articles (07/2015 - 02/2004)
2.	Ozono, Keiichi: 10 articles (10/2014 - 01/2002)
3.	White, Kenneth E: 10 articles (07/2014 - 04/2005)
4.	Quarles, L Darryl: 9 articles (12/2013 - 07/2003)
5.	Fujita, Toshiro: 9 articles (10/2011 - 02/2004)
6.	Jüppner, Harald: 8 articles (10/2014 - 02/2003)
7.	Econs, Michael J: 8 articles (03/2014 - 10/2006)
8.	Goltzman, David: 8 articles (12/2013 - 12/2002)
9.	Kumar, Rajiv: 8 articles (05/2009 - 09/2002)
10.	Segawa, Hiroko: 7 articles (04/2014 - 01/2009)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Hypophosphatemia:

1.	PhosphorusIBA 09/01/1982 - "Hypophosphatemia (serum phosphorus less than 2.0 milligrams per deciliter) occurred in 30 and was life-threatening (less than 1.0 milligrams per deciliter) in 6. Although liver function tests (LFT) remained stable or improved in 26% of the 34 evaluable subjects, 74% showed deterioration in one or more tests, and 35% showed deterioration in two or more tests. " 09/01/1995 - "To determine the safety and efficacy of a graduated dosing scheme of phosphorus replacement therapy in patients with hypophosphatemia receiving specialized nutrition support. " 01/01/2012 - "To investigate the occurrence of hypophosphatemia in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, and to study the influence of different levels of phosphorus on the prognosis of patients. " 01/01/2007 - "Our study demonstrates a strong inverse linear relation between body temperature and serum phosphorus level that was not explained by other factors known to cause hypophosphatemia. " 02/01/2004 - "The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a repletion protocol for hypophosphatemia based on admission weight and phosphorus level. "
2.	CalciumIBA 09/01/2015 - "Renal calcium and phosphate excretion were significantly higher in chk2 (-/-) mice than in chk2 (+/+) mice despite hypophosphatemia and normocalcemia. " 01/01/2013 - "Risk factors for hypophosphatemia included the following protective factors: higher albumin (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.35-0.93), higher BUN (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.86, 0.95), corrected calcium (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.23-0.63) and female gender (OR 0.47, 95% 0.24-0.94). " 01/01/2010 - "Serum Pi levels, but not calcium levels, are attenuated in Pxr-/- mice, exhibiting a phenotype of hypophosphatemia. " 09/01/2007 - "Data indicate that during the calcium redepletion period, correction of hypophosphatemia in Ca+3 allowed calcification of the enlarged growth plates thus resulting in an increased demand for calcium. " 04/01/1991 - "Hypophosphatemia is observed among a subset of hypercalciuric patients and consequent activation of 1,25-(OH)2-D synthesis increases intestinal Ca absorption and urinary calcium excretion. "
3.	Vitamin DFDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2011 - "In studies using the Hyp mouse model, which displays FGF23-mediated hypophosphatemia and aberrant vitamin D, deletion of Fgfr3 or Fgfr4 alone failed to correct the Hyp phenotype. " 11/01/2015 - "Patients and animal models of these hypophosphatemic conditions often manifest dental defects, whose etiology may include hypophosphatemia and impaired vitamin D action. " 01/01/2015 - "The patient was treated with phosphate supplements and vitamin D, but his hypophosphatemia persisted. " 10/01/2012 - "In chronic hypophosphatemia, standard treatment includes oral phosphate supplementation and active vitamin D. " 01/01/2012 - "The disorder is characterized by renal tubular phosphate loss, secondary to this process hypophosphatemia and defective production of active form of vitamin D. "
4.	Parathyroid Hormone (Parathormone)IBA 03/01/2014 - "Hypophosphatemia can result from insufficient uptake of the mineral from the gut or its disproportionate losses in the kidney, the latter being caused by either tubular abnormalities per se or the effect on the tubule of circulating factors like fibroblast growth factor-23 and parathyroid hormone (PTH). " 01/01/2013 - "The cause of the hypophosphatemia in VDR-null mice before weaning appeared to be increased plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels during the suckling periods. " 05/01/2009 - "To determine precisely the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and of phosphatonins in the genesis of posthepatectomy hypophosphatemia. " 09/01/2007 - "All repletion protocols, except Ca+0.5, normalized serum (S) Ca and parathyroid hormone (PTH) but Ca+3 exhibited growth retardation and hypophosphatemia. " 03/01/2004 - "There was no increase in the parathyroid hormone (PTH) level throughout the experiment, and hypophosphatemia was reproduced by FGF-23 in parathyroidectomized rats. "
5.	PotassiumIBA 11/01/2015 - "The 12 SGA infants had lower plasma potassium levels from Day One compared to the 36 AGA infants and were more likely to have hypokalemia (58% vs 17%, p = 0.001) and hypophosphatemia (40% vs 9%, p < 0.01) during the five-day observation period. " 12/01/2006 - "Intravenous potassium and phosphate products are commonly prescribed for mild or moderate cases of hypokalemia or hypophosphatemia. " 03/01/2001 - "We describe two patients who had an acute attack of TPP with characteristic hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia associated with low urinary potassium and phosphate excretion. " 03/22/1999 - "It is less well known that hypophosphatemia and mild hypomagnesemia are often present in TPP and that rebound hyperkalemia can occur as a result of potassium therapy. " 06/01/2002 - "Here, we describe a female patient with hyponatremia due to SIADH who presented with a cluster of metabolic abnormalities and specifically hypouricemia associated with uricosuria, hypokalemia caused by renal potassium wasting, hypomagnesemia with inappropriate magnesiuria, hypophosphatemia with renal phosphate wasting and inappropriate calciuria. "
6.	cinacalcet (Sensipar)FDA Link 11/01/2011 - "A 44-year-old woman was referred to the endocrinology department with a diagnosis of PHPT accompanied by unusually severe hypophosphatemia, despite having received treatment with cinacalcet. " 01/01/2006 - "About two months later, a second exposure to a low dose of cinacalcet (30 mg/d) again led to hypophosphatemia (serum phosphate decreased from 2.5 to 0.7 mmol/1). " 01/01/2006 - "Hypophosphatemia and hungry bone syndrome in a dialysis patient with secondary hyperparathyroidism treated with cinacalcet--proposal for an improved monitoring." 01/01/2011 - "Cinacalcet almost always controls hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia sufficiently. " 07/01/2009 - "Patients who received cinacalcet, 30 mg/d, before KTx did not exhibit hypercalcemia or hypophosphatemia after KTx. "
7.	potassium phosphate (potassium dihydrogen phosphate)IBA 08/01/2003 - "Patients with severe hypophosphatemia (<0.40 mmol/l; n=10) were also randomized into two groups: group 3 received 45 mmol potassium phosphate intravenously in 100 ml saline over 3 h, and group 4 received 45 mmol potassium phosphate in 100 ml saline over 6 h. " 08/01/2003 - "Patients with moderate hypophosphatemia (<0.65 and >0.40 mmol/l; n=37) were randomized into two groups: group 1 received 30 mmol potassium phosphate intravenously in 50 ml saline over 2 h, and group 2 received 30 mmol potassium phosphate in 100 ml saline over 4 h. " 08/01/2003 - "To evaluate efficacy and safety of aggressive correction of hypophosphatemia with intravenous potassium phosphate in the ICU. " 09/01/1993 - "Intravenous potassium phosphate administration corrected the hypophosphatemia in four of five cats. " 06/01/1997 - "The administration of potassium phosphate 15 mmol to critically ill patients with mild-to-moderate hypophosphatemia over 3 hours is both effective and safe. "
8.	CreatinineIBA 09/01/2011 - "Although, in short-term clinical trials, a daily dose of 10 mg of ADV was safe owing to a low rate of negligible nephrotoxic effects, the same dose may be associated with a usually reversible, proximal renal tubular toxicity as reflected by hypophosphatemia and elevated creatinine levels. " 10/10/2015 - "However renal and bone complications (proximal tubulopathy, hypophosphatemia, decreased bone mineral density, and reduced creatinine clearance) limit its use. " 03/01/2014 - "Three of the 14 patients with persistent hypophosphatemia developed Fanconi's syndrome; their serum creatinine level remained normal, but eGFR was lower than at baseline. " 09/01/2004 - "Serum creatinine increase and hypophosphatemia were more frequently observed in patients receiving ADV 30 mg daily compared with ADV 10 mg and placebo. " 10/01/2001 - "beta2-Microglobulinuria was observed in all 20, hypophosphatemia in 10 (16.1%), hypocarbia in 2 (3.2%), glucosuria in 5 (8.1%), and decreased creatinine clearance in 7 (11.3%). "
9.	hydroxide ionIBA 10/01/2014 - "Laboratory data at 61years of age revealed markedly increased serum intact-FGF23 levels, which were likely to be the cause of hypophosphatemia and the decreased level of 1,25(OH)2D. " 01/01/2014 - "SPR4 partially corrected HYP mice hypophosphatemia and increased serum 1.25(OH)2D3. " 12/05/2011 - "In healthy human subjects and experimental animals, dietary Pi restriction and resultant hypophosphatemia stimulate renal 1,25(OH)(2)D production by transcriptional up regulation of the 1α-hydroxylase gene, and this effect is independent of serum concentrations of PTH. " 11/25/2011 - "As a control, we made ob/ob mice with hypophosphatemia by generating ob/ob and 1-alpha hydroxylase double knockout [ob/ob-1α(OH)ase(-/-)] mice. " 09/01/2010 - "Biochemical examination revealed hypophosphatemia with renal phosphate excretion and low levels of 1,25(OH)(2)D. "
10.	Calcitriol (Calcijex)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2007 - "The following hypotheses were tested: pretransplant FGF-23 predicts posttransplant FGF-23, FGF-23 predicts posttransplant hypophosphatemia and FGF-23 is associated with decreased calcitriol levels independent of renal and parathyroid function. " 01/01/1992 - "All doses of calcitriol elicited increases in plasma Ca and Mg on Day 12, and embryos may have responded also with a dose-dependent hypophosphatemia. " 04/01/1989 - "These results are interpreted as demonstrating that an increase in the excretion of P in the urine is the main mechanism explaining calcitriol-induced hypophosphatemia in the chick embryo.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)" 06/01/1985 - "The remaining two untreated patients (aged 2 and 37 yr) displayed characteristic hypophosphatemia before calcitriol therapy. " 02/01/2011 - "In the setting of a healthy renal allograft, markedly increased FGF23 levels from the dialysis period induce renal phosphate wasting and inhibition of calcitriol production, which contribute to hypophosphatemia. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis) 09/01/2015 - "We present three hemodialysis patients with persistant hypophosphatemia after PTX. " 07/01/2012 - "Poor nutritional status and both hyper- and hypophosphatemia are associated with increased mortality in maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients. " 04/01/2011 - "Hypophosphatemia is observed in patients undergoing nocturnal hemodialysis. " 01/01/2003 - "Hypophosphatemia (Hf) is infrequently reported in chronic hemodialysis patients. " 12/01/2000 - "Refeeding hypophosphatemia in a chronically hyperphosphatemic hemodialysis patient."
2.	Intravenous Infusions 09/01/1997 - "We conclude that prompt repletion of severe hypophosphatemia and phosphate deficiency with relatively slower rate of NaH2PO4 solution intravenous infusion is a safe and effective mode of treatment for renal failure and uremic patients. " 08/01/1985 - "The present studies evaluated the acid-base response of normal human subjects to a 13-day intravenous infusion of synthetic b(1-34) PTH sufficient to result in sustained hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia. " 09/01/2010 - "Increasing Klotho in the kidney and urine chronically by transgenic overexpression or acutely by intravenous infusion caused hypophosphatemia, phosphaturia from decreased proximal phosphate reabsorption, and decreased activity and protein of the principal renal phosphate transporter NaPi-2a. " 07/01/2013 - "After reduction to temsirolimus 10 mg intravenous infusion weekly and pazopanib 200 mg orally daily, one of three patients had DLT (fatigue) and the first patient in the subsequent expansion had dose-limiting hypophosphatemia. " 05/01/1990 - "Intravenous infusion of 6.8% potassium dihydrophosphate solution prevented the development of hypophosphatemia and reduction of the content of 2,3 DPG and ATP in the red cells and Ca2+ ATPase activity in their membranes, which facilitated improvement in the course of acute posttraumatic period in patients with severe craniocerebral injury and decrease of mortality."
3.	Liver Transplantation 12/01/2004 - "At the study centre, significant hypophosphatemia (0.36 mmol/L or less) requiring intravenous replacement was seen in two of the first nine living donors for adult-to-adult liver transplantation. " 05/01/2007 - "This review describes pathophysiology of post-surgical hypophosphatemia (HP), which has particularly high incidence following liver transplantation. " 10/15/2003 - "Hypophosphatemia appears to be a universal event after right hepatic lobectomy for live-donor adult liver transplantation according to one report. " 07/01/2001 - "Life-threatening hypophosphatemia after right hepatic lobectomy for live donor adult liver transplantation." 07/01/2001 - "The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of hypophosphatemia after elective right hepatic lobectomy for live donor adult liver transplantation (LDALT), investigate the associated complication rate and surgical outcome of live liver donors, and determine the efficacy of prospective treatment with phosphate repletion as part of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). "
4.	Kidney Transplantation 12/01/2013 - "Transient hypophosphatemia is frequently observed during the first months after renal transplantation and is usually asymptomatic. " 04/01/2012 - "We performed prospective study to investigate if FGF-23 early after renal transplantation contributes to hypophosphatemia. " 04/01/2012 - "Hypophosphatemia is a common complication after renal transplantation. " 02/01/2011 - "Hypophosphatemia caused by inappropriate urinary phosphate wasting is a frequent metabolic complication of the early period following kidney transplantation. " 10/01/2010 - "Among the multiple factors contributing to bone mineral density (BMD) loss after renal transplantation, hypophosphatemia is increasingly recognized to play an important role. "
5.	Total Parenteral Nutrition 11/01/2006 - "Prevalence of hypophosphatemia in postoperative patients with total parenteral nutrition is high and needs timely monitoring. " 11/01/2006 - "18.1% developed postoperative hypophosphatemia 96 hours after starting total parenteral nutrition containing phosphate. " 12/01/2004 - "To determine the frequency of hypophosphatemia in living donors, the authors obtained phosphate levels on stored serum samples from postoperative days 0, 1, 3 and 7 in all nine patients, none of whom were on total parenteral nutrition. " 10/15/1994 - "Severe hypophosphatemia is rare, usually affecting chronic alcoholics and patients under total parenteral nutrition. " 07/01/1988 - "Guillain-Barré syndrome due to hypophosphatemia following intravenous hyperalimentation."