Parasystole

A cardiac arrhythmia that is caused by interaction of two independently initiated cardiac impulses of different rates from two separate foci. Generally one focus is the SINOATRIAL NODE, the normal pacemaker. The ectopic focus is usually in the HEART VENTRICLE but can be in the HEART ATRIUM or the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. Modulation of the parasystolic rhythm by the sinus rhythm depends on the completeness of entrance block surrounding the parasystolic focus.

Also Known As:

Networked: 22 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 1 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Cardiac Arrhythmias (Arrythmia)
2.	Tachycardia (Tachyarrhythmias)
3.	Premature Cardiac Complexes (Extrasystoles)
4.	Ventricular Premature Complexes (Premature Ventricular Contraction)
5.	Supraventricular Tachycardia

Experts

1.	Asirvatham, Samuel J: 1 article (07/2014)
2.	Vaidya, Vaibhav R: 1 article (07/2014)
3.	Cha, Yong-Mei: 1 article (07/2014)
4.	Pislaru, Sorin V: 1 article (07/2014)
5.	Pellikka, Patricia A: 1 article (07/2014)
6.	Pete, Barbara: 1 article (12/2004)
7.	Papp, Zoltán: 1 article (12/2004)
8.	Hajdú, Júlia: 1 article (12/2004)
9.	Conraads, V: 1 article (05/2001)
10.	Goethals, M: 1 article (05/2001)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Parasystole:

1.	Verapamil (Calan)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1993 - "[The clinical efficacy of verapamil in ventricular extrasystolic arrhythmia and parasystole]."
2.	Isoproterenol (Isoprenaline)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1985 - "Few studies have dealt with the effects of isoproterenol on ventricular parasystole. " 05/01/1985 - "In the patient without manifest parasystolic beats, isoproterenol unmasked the intermittent parasystole that previously had been intrinsically manifest. " 05/01/1985 - "Intravenous isoproterenol (2 to 4 micrograms/min) was administered to 11 nonmedicated patients with ventricular parasystole. " 05/01/1985 - "Concealment of manifest, and exposure of concealed, ventricular parasystole produced by isoproterenol."
3.	Amiodarone (Amiodarona)FDA LinkGeneric 09/29/1991 - "[Amidaron-induced dermatopathy resulting from unnecessary Cordarone therapy of ventricular parasystole]." 01/01/1990 - "[Use of kordaron in parasystole]." 10/01/1984 - "Atrial parasystole and amiodarone." 04/01/1980 - "Cordarone was used in the treatment of 15 patients with various forms of parasystole. " 04/01/1980 - "[Cordarone treatment of parasystole]."
4.	Epinephrine (Adrenaline)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1950 - "Observations in heart block; supernormality of A-V and intraventricular conduction and ventricular parasystole under the influence of epinephrine." 08/01/1994 - "There was an increased heart rate after both adrenaline and salbutamol and ventricular ectopic beats and a short run of parasystole were recorded on the ECG in one patient after adrenaline and in two patients after salbutamol. "
5.	Atropine (Hyoscyamine)FDA LinkGeneric 06/16/1962 - "[On an unusual effect of atropine in 2 cases of ventricular parasystole]." 04/01/1985 - "The use of functional tests employing exercise and atropine contributed to both the correct diagnosis of parasystole and extrasystole and a logical explanation of the mechanisms governing their development. "
6.	AdenosineFDA LinkGeneric 11/30/1997 - "The diagnostic effect of adenosine can be used in sinus rhythm too if latent preexcitation or ventricular parasystole is suspected." 01/01/1996 - "The cases of two patients with ventricular parasystole revealed a new depressive effect of adenosine on ventricular parasystolic activity. " 01/01/1996 - "Effect of adenosine on ventricular parasystole." 11/30/1997 - "From the 9 patient suspected to have concealed WPW 2 pts had delta wave during the effect of adenosine, and in four pts parasystole was demonstrated among the pts had varying coupling interval PVC. " 11/30/1997 - "The authors investigated the effect of adenosine or ATP on narrow QRS tachycardia in 56 pts, 3 pts with wide QRS tachycardia 9 pts with suspected latent preexcitation and 10 pts with PVC suspected to be ventricular parasystole. "
7.	PrajmalineIBA 03/31/1996 - "Prajmaline is not a relatively well known and frequently used antiarrhythmic belonging to Class IA group of antiarrhythmics, which was administered to a young male with metoprolol for the treatment of parasystole. "
8.	Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)IBA 11/30/1997 - "From the 9 patient suspected to have concealed WPW 2 pts had delta wave during the effect of adenosine, and in four pts parasystole was demonstrated among the pts had varying coupling interval PVC. " 11/30/1997 - "The authors investigated the effect of adenosine or ATP on narrow QRS tachycardia in 56 pts, 3 pts with wide QRS tachycardia 9 pts with suspected latent preexcitation and 10 pts with PVC suspected to be ventricular parasystole. "
9.	Phenytoin (Dilantin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1972 - "[Ventricular parasystole: successful treatment with diphenylhydantoin]."
10.	Metoprolol (Lopressor)FDA LinkGeneric 03/31/1996 - "Prajmaline is not a relatively well known and frequently used antiarrhythmic belonging to Class IA group of antiarrhythmics, which was administered to a young male with metoprolol for the treatment of parasystole. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transplants (Transplant) 07/01/1999 - "From a physiological point of view, the results imply that the interaction between the two pacemakers in the heart is fairly weak, and hence the parasystole observed in the heart-transplant patient can be modelled as pure parasystole." 07/01/1999 - "A parasystole from a heart-transplant patient is analysed using a beat-to-beat RR interval time series obtained from an electrocardiogram (ECG). "
2.	Heart Transplantation (Grafting, Heart) 05/17/2001 - "Atrial parasystole after heart transplantation."
3.	Artificial Pacemaker 10/01/1967 - "[Beta-receptor blocking agent in parasystole following artificial pacemaker implantation]."
4.	Microelectrodes 01/01/1983 - "Subthreshold responses in the focal area induced by action potentials in the surrounding myocardium and by subthreshold current pulses injected through the recording microelectrode altered the spontaneous discharge rate of the focus, as previously described for modulated parasystole. "
5.	Intravenous Infusions 05/01/1985 - "At the onset of the drip infusion, 8 patients had continuous parasystole, 2 had intermittent parasystole, and 1 patient (in whom intermittent parasystole was documented 2 to 5 days earlier) showed no manifest parasystolic activity. "