Reactive Oxygen Species (Oxygen Radicals)

Molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. These reactive oxygen intermediates include SINGLET OXYGEN; SUPEROXIDES; PEROXIDES; HYDROXYL RADICAL; and HYPOCHLOROUS ACID. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of PHAGOCYTES, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS.

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Networked: 16457 relevant articles (291 outcomes, 1266 trials/studies)

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Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Schumacker, Paul T: 31 articles (08/2015 - 03/2002)
2.	Agarwal, Ashok: 30 articles (05/2015 - 04/2003)
3.	Touyz, Rhian M: 29 articles (09/2015 - 11/2002)
4.	Park, Woo Hyun: 28 articles (05/2015 - 11/2008)
5.	Wang, Wei: 27 articles (10/2015 - 03/2003)
6.	Chandel, Navdeep S: 25 articles (11/2014 - 05/2002)
7.	Prabhakar, Nanduri R: 24 articles (05/2015 - 06/2003)
8.	Münzel, Thomas: 23 articles (09/2015 - 11/2002)
9.	Holmdahl, Rikard: 23 articles (08/2015 - 09/2005)
10.	Brandes, Ralf P: 21 articles (12/2015 - 04/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 11/01/2015 - "These nuclear-targeting biophotonic agents can not only generate a great deal of multiple cytotoxic reactive oxygen species in the nucleus by making full use of NIR/X-ray irradiation, but also produce greatly enhanced intranuclear synergetic radio-/photodynamic therapeutic effects under the magnetic/luminescent bimodal imaging guidance, which may achieve the optimal efficacy in treating radio-resistant tumors. " 11/01/2014 - "In agreement with these data, a significant reduction in reactive oxygen species in blood lymphocytes of the combination was detected, which may have contributed toward the cancer-preventive effects of this application. " 07/15/2014 - "A great number of comprehensive literature believe that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their products play a significant role in cell homeostasis maintenance, tissue protection against further insults by controlling cells proliferation through inducing apoptosis, and defending against cancer. " 11/01/1981 - "During primate evolution, a major factor in lengthening life-span and decreasing age-specific cancer rates may have been improved protective mechanisms against oxygen radicals. " 07/01/1998 - "These results suggest low-dose gamma-ray irradiation might be effective for the prevention of and/or therapy of various reactive oxygen species-related diseases including cancer."
2.	Inflammation 01/01/1993 - "These results indicate that high-molecular-weight HA acts directly on macrophages to inhibit phagocytosis and active oxygen formation, which, in turn, ameliorates the progression of chronic inflammation." 01/01/2014 - "This improved metabolic signature was accompanied by increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and yet favorable changes in oxidative stress, overt ER stress, and inflammation. " 01/01/2016 - "The excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in a variety of disorders, but to date, ROS scavengers have not been widely used for local treatment of inflammation, because they are rapidly eliminated from the inflamed site. " 09/01/2015 - "The complex nature of inflammation and of oxidative stress suggests that dual-target agents may be effective in combating diseases involving reactive oxygen species. " 12/01/2015 - "In an in vitro oxidative stress fibroblast injury model, the AHsol showed relevant protective effects reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, rescuing cell viability, and regulating expression of inflammation-related genes (COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β). "
3.	Ischemia 01/01/2010 - "The increase in reactive oxygen species following 2 hours of ischemia was also significantly greater in the cPLA2alpha+/+ ischemic core than in cPLA2alpha-/- (+/+:7.12+/-1.2 fold vs. -/-:3.1+/-1.4 fold; P<0.01). " 07/01/2015 - "The contribution of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury has been supported by many studies. " 11/01/2013 - "The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the contribution of pulmonary-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) on cardiac dysfunction using a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. " 01/01/2009 - "Overall, the findings of this study were intriguing and suggest that additional experiments on length of secondary ischemia need to be performed to further characterize the importance of reactive oxygen species on flap survival." 02/01/2008 - "Many studies indicate that the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) may initiate the cascade of cellular injury. "
4.	Anoxia (Hypoxia) 01/01/2009 - "10:57-69, 2009.-Hypoxic preco759nditioning (HPC) provides robust protection against injury from subsequent prolonged hypobaric hypoxia, which is a characteristic of high altitude and is known to induce oxidative injury in lung by increasing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreasing the effectiveness of the antioxidant defense system. " 04/01/2007 - "Under hypoxia, the efficacy of rhodamine123 efflux was unchanged; the culture medium became more acidic and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was decreased. " 12/01/2015 - "Lon expression is induced by various stimuli, including hypoxia and reactive oxygen species, and provides protection against cell stress. " 09/01/2015 - "Spatio-temporal relief from hypoxia and production of reactive oxygen species during bud burst in grapevine (Vitis vinifera)." 10/09/2014 - "Finally, inhibition of lipid storage reduced protection against reactive oxygen species toxicity, decreased the survival of cells subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation in vitro, and strongly impaired tumorigenesis in vivo."
5.	Reperfusion Injury 02/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to in vitro examine whether 5-MTP is able to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced heart ischemia reperfusion injury and activate the cardiomyocyte's damage surveillance systems. " 01/07/2013 - "The aim of this study was to in vitro investigate whether HA is able to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced heart ischemia-reperfusion injury and activate the cardiomyocyte's damage surveillance systems. " 05/01/2011 - "In this study, we have analyzed the effect of different cardioprotective complex II inhibitors on the mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) because ROS seem to be essential for signaling during preconditioning to prevent ischemia/reperfusion injury. " 01/01/2005 - "In our study, we aimed to compare the effects of VEC and/or HBO in ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by free oxygen radicals in an experimental rat epigastric island skin-flap model. " 10/01/1999 - "Results of this study showed that prophylactic administration of CAPE in ischemic condition prevents reperfusion injuries by eliminating oxygen radicals and inhibiting polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Antioxidants
2.	Oxygen
3.	Glutathione (Reduced Glutathione)
4.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
5.	Cytokines
6.	Nitric Oxide (Nitrogen Monoxide)
7.	Superoxide Dismutase
8.	Enzymes
9.	NADPH Oxidase (NAD(P)H oxidase)
10.	Superoxides (Superoxide)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Chemoprevention
2.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients)
3.	Therapeutics
4.	Lasers (Laser)
5.	Warm Ischemia