Ventricular Tachycardia

An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation).

Also Known As:

Networked: 6221 relevant articles (445 outcomes, 641 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Ventricular Fibrillation
2.	Cardiac Arrhythmias (Arrythmia)
3.	Tachycardia (Tachyarrhythmias)
4.	Ventricular Premature Complexes (Premature Ventricular Contraction)
5.	Myocardial Infarction

Experts

1.	Zareba, Wojciech: 27 articles (10/2015 - 07/2004)
2.	Moss, Arthur J: 24 articles (09/2015 - 07/2004)
3.	Marchlinski, Francis E: 22 articles (01/2015 - 09/2002)
4.	McNitt, Scott: 21 articles (09/2015 - 10/2004)
5.	Stevenson, William G: 18 articles (11/2015 - 01/2002)
6.	Gerstenfeld, Edward P: 15 articles (11/2015 - 09/2002)
7.	Dorian, Paul: 15 articles (09/2015 - 09/2003)
8.	Aizawa, Yoshifusa: 15 articles (01/2015 - 01/2003)
9.	Callans, David J: 15 articles (01/2015 - 10/2002)
10.	Chinushi, Masaomi: 14 articles (04/2013 - 01/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Ventricular Tachycardia:

1.	Amiodarone (Amiodarona)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1991 - "Intravenous amiodarone is very effective in preventing arrhythmic deaths in patients with refractory ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation." 06/01/1991 - "Amiodarone is very effective in suppressing refractory nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. " 08/01/2013 - "There was a significant reduction in the incidence of ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation episodes (median 2 vs. 12 events, P = 0.001) and shocks (median 0 vs. 2 events, P = 0.003) in the first 3 months of treatment, but long-term efficacy was only observed among patients who continued amiodarone therapy. " 03/01/1988 - "In the adult the finding of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia on electrocardiographic monitoring is a sensitive and specific marker of high risk and treatment of such patients with low-dose amiodarone is associated with improved survival. " 01/01/1988 - "Thus although we found intravenous amiodarone to be effective in the short-term treatment of refractory ventricular tachycardia, administration of amiodarone can be associated with significant hemodynamic deterioration. "
2.	Anti-Arrhythmia AgentsIBA 05/01/2010 - "The efficacy of antiarrhythmic drugs in terminating sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (SMVT) was assessed in a retrospective manner to provide a basis for recommending their use. " 07/02/1994 - "The efficacy of antiarrhythmic drugs for terminating sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) has been disappointing. " 07/01/1998 - "Clinical findings, such as the inducibility of ventricular tachycardia by stress or catecholamine infusion, and the therapeutic efficacy of antiarrhythmic drugs with antiadrenergic properties suggest abnormalities of cardiac sympathetic innervation in patients with idiopathic RVO-VT. " 07/01/1989 - "Previously ineffective antiarrhythmic drugs were effective in preventing the induction of ventricular tachycardia in four of these eight patients. " 11/03/1988 - "Programmed stimulation (PES) and ambulatory electrocardiographic (Holter) monitoring are both widely used to evaluate the efficacy of antiarrhythmic drugs in patients with recurrent ventricular tachycardia (VT). "
3.	Sotalol (Sotalol Hydrochloride)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1995 - "It is concluded that d/l sotalol is highly effective in the suppression of sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia inducible by programmed electrical stimulation. " 07/01/1992 - "Thus, in arrhythmogenic right ventricular disease, sotalol proved to be highly effective in patients with inducible as well as noninducible ventricular tachycardia. " 05/01/1998 - "Following sotalol with-drawal polymorphic ventricular tachycardia resolved completely. " 11/01/1985 - "Eighteen patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia underwent serial electrophysiological studies to establish the therapeutic efficacy of sotalol as compared to other available anti-arrhythmic agents. " 03/01/1984 - "Eighteen patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia underwent electrophysiologic studies to establish the therapeutic efficacy of sotalol. "
4.	Lidocaine (Xylocaine)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1990 - "Efficacy of epicardial controlled-release lidocaine for ventricular tachycardia induced by rapid ventricular pacing in dogs." 12/01/1995 - "Prophylactic lidocaine infusions are effective in preventing ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. " 09/01/1984 - "By contrast, although the QT interval was not shortened, lignocaine was effective in preventing induction of polymorphous ventricular tachycardia by triple stimuli in three out of nine dogs. " 06/01/2001 - "[Efficacy of lidocaine in neonatal ischemic ventricular tachycardia]." 10/01/1999 - "An episode of ventricular tachycardia responded well to i. v. lidocaine. "
5.	Procainamide (Procan)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1986 - "However, the results of this study indicate that procainamide may be effective in suppressing the induction of sustained ventricular tachycardia at a relatively low plasma concentration, but not at a higher plasma concentration. " 03/01/1986 - "The efficacy of retrograde coronary venous delivery of procainamide for the management of spontaneous and inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia was evaluated and compared with systemic intravenous procainamide administration in 22 conscious dogs with permanent left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. " 10/01/1991 - "Intravenous procainamide was used in six patients: one improved, and five had recurrence of polymorphous ventricular tachycardia. " 10/01/1989 - "Efficacy of procainamide on ventricular tachycardia: relation to prolongation of refractoriness and slowing of conduction." 05/08/1954 - "Resistant ventricular tachycardia cured with large doses of procainamide."
6.	Verapamil (Calan)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1985 - "Verapamil may be most effective in suppressing ventricular tachycardia initiated by certain mechanisms." 06/01/1995 - "Long-term follow-up confirmed the good prognosis of this form of ventricular tachycardia; a new insight that has been addressed about prophylaxis is the high efficacy of betablockers in preventing relapse and the poor efficacy of verapamil per os in chronic prophylaxis. " 07/01/1992 - "Verapamil and beta-blockers were effective in a considerable number of patients with noninducible ventricular tachycardia and may be a therapeutic alternative in this subgroup. " 03/01/1988 - "In conclusion (1) idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia has unique electrocardiographic, electrophysiologic, and electropharmacological properties, (2) the electrophysiologic characteristics suggest that the mechanism is reentry, and (3) verapamil is effective in both the short- and long-term treatment of VT." 11/01/1985 - "Verapamil does not appear to be consistently effective in converting ventricular tachycardia. "
7.	Mexiletine (Mexitil)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1990 - "Multiple studies have shown that as monotherapy mexiletine is effective in preventing the induction of ventricular tachycardia in approximately 20% of patients. " 02/01/1988 - "Electrically-inducible ventricular tachycardia was suppressed by mexiletine alone in 23% of patients tested, and a combined antiarrhythmic drug regimen was effective in 29% of the trials performed. " 10/01/1977 - "Mexiletine, a new antiarrhythmic drug, was finally effective in controlling recurrent attacks of ventricular tachycardia." 07/01/1985 - "In conclusion, mexiletine is effective and safe in many patients with intractable ventricular tachycardia. " 02/01/1988 - "The efficacy of mexiletine used alone, and in combination with a class Ia antiarrhythmic drug, was assessed in 159 previously drug-refractory patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT) during serial electrophysiologic studies and during long-term (5-year) clinical follow-up. "
8.	Flecainide (Tambocor)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1988 - "Administered orally, flecainide is very effective in decreasing ventricular ectopic activity (80% to 95%) and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. " 11/01/1993 - "Flecainide seems more effective for sustained ventricular tachycardia than for nonsustained ventricular tachycardia." 03/01/1986 - "In summary, intravenous flecainide is effective for slowing and termination of stable ventricular tachycardia. " 03/01/1988 - "The electrophysiologic effects and antiarrhythmic efficacy of flecainide were evaluated by electrophysiologic study (EPS) in 20 patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT) refractory to an average 2.9 drugs. " 06/30/1989 - "[Efficacy of flecainide in the treatment of ventricular tachycardia in the elderly. "
9.	Propafenone (Rythmol)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1986 - "In 19 cases of ventricular tachycardia, propafenone proved to be efficacious in 3 out of 5 cases presenting rapid discharges and in 7 out of 14 patients with continuous arrhythmias, notably those with a catecholaminergic component. " 12/01/1988 - "Propafenone is effective in treating ventricular tachycardia and in suppressing premature ventricular complexes (PVCs). " 11/14/1984 - "Propafenone was also effective in controlling couplets and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. " 11/01/1990 - "Efficacy of propafenone in preventing ventricular tachycardia: inverse correlation with rate-related prolongation of conduction time." 10/01/1985 - "Propafenone eliminated all exercise provocable ventricular tachycardia. "
10.	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)IBA 10/01/1999 - "2926 episodes of ventricular tachycardia (cycle length 349 +/- 51 ms, 240-520 ms) occurred in 64/80 pts (80%), overall efficacy of ATP was 89.9%, acceleration occurred in 4.1% of VTs. " 05/01/2010 - "Antitachycardia pacing (ATP) is an effective treatment of ventricular tachycardia (VT). " 11/01/2003 - "Antitachycardia pacing (ATP) effectively treats monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT). " 07/01/2003 - "ATP has been shown to be effective in terminating approximately 80% to 90% of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia (VT) episodes. " 06/01/2010 - "This multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled, parallel trial compares the efficacy of biventricular (BIV) versus right ventricular (RV) antitachycardia pacing (ATP) in terminating all kinds of ventricular tachycardia (VT). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Implantable Defibrillators (Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator) 04/01/2000 - "Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) are highly effective in the identification and termination of malignant ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. " 12/01/2009 - "Indeed, the introduction of implantable defibrillators to the HCM patient population represents a new paradigm for clinical practice, offering the only proven protection against SD by virtue of effectively terminating ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation. " 11/01/1986 - "The automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD) is a device of proven efficacy in life-threatening ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. " 02/01/2004 - "We investigated the clinical and electrophysiological features of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (MVT) with different initiation patterns in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator to assess whether there is a relationship between the initiation patterns of sustained MVT and clinical characteristics, and the efficacy of antiarrhythmic and electrical therapy. " 03/01/2013 - "Pharmacologic treatment of arrhythmias, catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia, and implantable cardioverter defibrillator are the mainstay of treatment of ARVD/C."
2.	Defibrillators (Defibrillator) 04/01/2015 - "Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is proven effective therapy particularly in patients with frequent defibrillator shocks. " 12/01/2003 - "Implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD) have been shown to improve survival in patients with myocardial infarctionand LVEF < 0.30 or LVEF < 0.40 + nonsustained ventricular tachycardia + inducible sustained arrhythmias. " 11/15/1993 - "The efficacy of synchronized burst overdrive pacing for the termination of induced and spontaneous monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) was compared with synchronized autodecremental (ramp) pacing in 21 patients who received an implantable antitachycardia pacemaker/cardioverter/defibrillator for treatment of recurrent sustained monomorphic VT. " 09/01/2009 - "[Defibrillation efficacy of a newly developed automated external defibrillator in a swine ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation model]." 07/01/2015 - "Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the dependency of exercise-induced TWA predictive power for the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias from HR. TWA was identified using our HR adaptive match filter in exercise ECGs from 248 patients with implanted cardiac defibrillator (ICD), of which 72 developed ventricular tachycardia and/or fibrillation during the 4 year follow-up (ICD_Cases) and 176 did not (ICD_Controls). "
3.	Catheters 04/01/1988 - "Previous studies in patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) have demonstrated the efficacy of surgical and catheter-mediated ablative procedures based on activation mapping during VT. " 12/01/1989 - "We evaluated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of sequential pulse countershock (SqCS) delivered solely through two endocardial catheters for the termination of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF) in patients undergoing electrophysiology studies (EPS). " 09/01/2012 - "The integrated visualization of cardiac MRI during a ventricular tachycardia (VT) mapping and ablation procedure would provide improved catheter guidance and tissue assessment. " 05/01/2012 - "Long-term efficacy of single procedure remote magnetic catheter navigation for ablation of ischemic ventricular tachycardia: a retrospective study." 08/01/2011 - "We assessed the long-term efficacy of catheter-based substrate modification using the voltage mapping technique of infarct-related ventricular tachycardia and recurrent device therapy. "
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 12/01/1980 - "A significant fraction of patients with supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia remains a therapeutic problem despite improvements in diagnostic testing, new drugs, and improved techniques for the evaluation of the efficacy of drug therapy. " 02/01/2015 - "We performed a systematic review of the literature to compare the efficacy of different drug therapies for the termination of stable, monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT). " 06/01/2007 - "Assessment of efficacy of pharmacotherapy for ventricular tachycardia." 06/01/1989 - "The use of programmed stimulation to assess long-term oral antiarrhythmic drug efficacy for ventricular tachycardia is complicated by the fact that mode of ventricular tachycardia induction varies from day to day in the absence of drug therapy. " 10/01/1984 - "Eighty-three patients (91%) were cured of ventricular tachycardia by SER alone (60 patients or 66%) or by SER in combination with antiarrhythmic drug therapy (23 patients or 25%) (mean follow-up, 28 +/- 19 months). "
5.	Cryosurgery 09/01/1989 - "We conclude that regional cryoablation alone in areas of the earliest left ventricular activation is highly effective for treatment of ventricular tachycardia, except in a subset of patients with specific markers of deep septal involvement, which can be detected by computerized epicardial and endocardial mapping." 09/01/2009 - "The efficacy of transcatheter cryoablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) remains controversial because of the limited size of the lesion produced. " 04/01/1980 - "Ventricular tachycardia occurred both as an early and late complication in three, responding to medical treatment in two; it was cured by cryoablation in the other case. " 10/01/2004 - "This study reports on the acute and long-term results of cryoablation in patients with supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia. " 03/01/2013 - "Cryoablation of ventricular tachycardia arising from the left-coronary sinus cusp."