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Tocainide (Tonocard)

An antiarrhythmic agent which exerts a potential- and frequency-dependent block of sodium channels.

Also Known As:

Tonocard; AstraZeneca Brand of Tocainide Hydrochloride; Tocainide Hydrochloride; Tocainide Monohdyrochloride, (R)-Isomer; Tocainide Monohydrobromide, (R)-Isomer; Tocainide Monohydrochloride; Tocainide Monohydrochloride, (+-)-Isomer; Tocainide Monohydrochloride, (S)-Isomer; Tocainide, (+-)-Isomer; Tocainide, (R)-Isomer; Tocainide, (S)-Isomer; W-36095; Xylotocan; W 36095; W36095; Propanamide, 2-amino-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-

Networked: 151 relevant articles (21 outcomes, 26 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Organic Chemicals: 58
- Amides: 231
  - Anilides: 16
    - Tocainide: 151
      - lactoxylidide: 1
      - tocainide carbamoyl O-beta-glucuronide

Experts

1.	Zakrzewska, Joanna M: 2 articles (01/2011 - 01/2006)
2.	Corbo, Filomena: 1 article (03/2014)
3.	Bertucci, Carlo: 1 article (03/2014)
4.	De Bellis, Michela: 1 article (03/2014)
5.	Carrieri, Antonio: 1 article (03/2014)
6.	Muraglia, Marilena: 1 article (03/2014)
7.	Conte Camerino, Diana: 1 article (03/2014)
8.	Franchini, Carlo: 1 article (03/2014)
9.	De Luca, Annamaria: 1 article (03/2014)
10.	Fortugno, Cecilia: 1 article (03/2014)

Related Diseases

1.	Myocardial Infarction 12/01/1980 - "In order to evaluate the hemodynamic and antiarrhythmic efficacy of tocainide, studies were performed in patients suffering acute myocardial infarction. " 01/01/1983 - "Non-renal clearance of tocainide was similar to values reported previously in healthy subjects and patients with acute myocardial infarction. " 08/01/1983 - "In several open and controlled therapeutic trials in patients with ventricular arrhythmias, often following a myocardial infarction, tocainide has been relatively effective and usually well tolerated. " 06/01/1983 - "These results suggest that in the dosage used in this study tocainide does not exert an antifibrillatory action in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction." 12/01/1980 - "A prospective randomized trial of tocainide in patients following myocardial infarction."
2.	Pain (Aches) 01/05/2003 - "Tocainide (50, 75 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduced all types of pain behaviour measured. " 01/01/2011 - "In a study involving 12 participants there was an improvement in mean pain scores with tocainide similar to that with carbamazepine, but significant side effects limited its use. " 01/01/2006 - "One study showed that the improvement in mean values of pain scores with tocainide was similar to that of carbamazepine. " 01/01/2006 - "One study showed that the improvement in mean values of pain scores with tocainide was similar to that of carbamazepine. " 01/01/1987 - "A possible analgesic mechanism could be that tocainide blocks the sodium channels in the hyperexcitable nerve membranes in the pain-producing foci in trigeminal neuralgia."
3.	Tinnitus 04/01/1986 - "A dose finding study was performed for the use of oral tocainide in the treatment of tinnitus. " 04/01/1985 - "Of the 32 patients who completed the trial, 1 had complete relief and 2 had partial relief of their tinnitus whilst taking tocainide. " 04/01/1985 - "A sequential double blind cross-over trial of tocainide hydrochloride in tinnitus." 01/01/1985 - "We assessed the value of tocainide in the treatment of tinnitus by performing a double-blind controlled trial in which each of 48 patients with annoying tinnitus received either tocainide HC1 900 mg/day or a placebo. " 09/01/1984 - "As part of preliminary studies for an investigation to assess the place of some drugs, including tocainide HCl, in the treatment of tinnitus, the present study was performed to establish the appropriate dose for tocainide. "
4.	Ventricular Tachycardia 12/01/1980 - "Chronic maintenance tocainide therapy was effective in controlling symptomatic, recurrent ventricular tachycardia in 11 of 15 patients. " 07/01/1988 - "A tocainide study revealed induction of sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. " 12/01/1980 - "Open clinical studies at a referral center: chronic maintenance tocainide therapy in patients with recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia refractory to conventional antiarrhythmic agents." 01/01/1988 - "In conclusion, the usefulness of oral tocainide in the management of drug-refractory sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation is limited because of its low effectiveness and frequent side effects." 01/01/1988 - "Eighty-two patients with drug-resistant ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation were treated with oral tocainide. "
5.	Myotonia 03/27/2014 - "The results provide additional indications about the structural requirement of pharmacophores for further increasing potency and state-dependent block and allowed us to identify a new tocainide analogue (6f) with a favorable pharmacodynamic profile to be proposed as a valid candidate for studies aimed at evaluating its usefulness in the treatment of myotonias. " 05/01/1986 - "Successful treatment with tocainide of recessive generalized congenital myotonia." 12/01/1983 - "Tocainide prevented myotonia and weakness induced by cooling, but failed to prevent hyperkalemic weakness. " 01/01/1980 - "Improved therapy of myotonia with the lidocaine derivative tocainide." 01/01/1985 - "Therefore, the authors recommend symptomatic therapy with tocainide for myotonia and paramyotonia congenita, as well as in myotonic dystrophy patients suffering from marked myotonic stiffness. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
2.	Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
3.	Mexiletine (Mexitil)
4.	Flecainide (Tambocor)
5.	Procainamide (Procan)
6.	Phenytoin (Dilantin)
7.	Ouabain (G Strophanthin)
8.	Metoprolol (Lopressor)
9.	Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
10.	Aprindine

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Nerve Block (Nerve Blocks)
2.	Injections
3.	Intravenous Infusions
4.	Hip Replacement Arthroplasty (Total Hip Replacement)
5.	Ligation