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Zenker Diverticulum (Zenker's Diverticulum)

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A DIVERTICULUM at the upper end of the ESOPHAGUS through the cricopharyngeal muscle at the junction of the PHARYNX and the esophagus.

Also Known As:

Zenker's Diverticulum; Esophago-Pharyngeal Diverticula; Esophago-Pharyngeal Diverticulum; Pharyngeal Diverticula; Pharyngo-Esophageal Diverticula; Pharyngo-Esophageal Diverticulum; Pharyngoesophageal Diverticula; Pharyngoesophageal Pulsion Diverticula; Pharyngoesophageal Pulsion Diverticulum; Zenker's Diverticula; Diverticula, Esophago-Pharyngeal; Diverticula, Pharyngeal; Diverticula, Pharyngo-Esophageal; Diverticula, Pharyngoesophageal; Diverticula, Pharyngoesophageal Pulsion; Diverticula, Zenker's; Diverticulum, Esophago-Pharyngeal; Diverticulum, Esophagopharyngeal; Diverticulum, Pharyngeal; Diverticulum, Pharyngo-Esophageal; Diverticulum, Pharyngoesophageal; Diverticulum, Pharyngoesophageal Pulsion; Diverticulum, Zenker; Diverticulum, Zenker's; Diverticulums, Esophagopharyngeal; Esophago Pharyngeal Diverticula; Esophago Pharyngeal Diverticulum; Esophagopharyngeal Diverticulums; Pharyngo Esophageal Diverticula; Pharyngo Esophageal Diverticulum; Pulsion Diverticula, Pharyngoesophageal; Pulsion Diverticulum, Pharyngoesophageal; Zenker Diverticula; Zenkers Diverticula; Zenkers Diverticulum; Esophagopharyngeal Diverticulum; Pharyngeal Diverticulum; Pharyngoesophageal Diverticulum

Networked: 141 relevant articles (10 outcomes, 9 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Signs and Symptoms Pathological Conditions
- Anatomical Pathological Conditions
  - Diverticulum: 1741
    - Esophageal Diverticulum: 42
      - Zenker Diverticulum: 141

Related Diseases

1.	Deglutition Disorders (Dysphagia)
2.	Diverticulum
3.	Hemorrhage
4.	Zenker Diverticulum (Zenker's Diverticulum)
5.	Esophageal Perforation

Experts

1.	Guntinas-Lichius, Orlando: 2 articles (12/2014 - 01/2009)
2.	Lott, David G: 2 articles (12/2013 - 09/2013)
3.	Hinni, Michael L: 2 articles (12/2013 - 09/2013)
4.	Adam, Stewart I: 2 articles (04/2013 - 09/2012)
5.	Paskhover, Boris: 2 articles (04/2013 - 09/2012)
6.	Sasaki, Clarence T: 2 articles (04/2013 - 09/2012)
7.	Takes, Robert P: 2 articles (02/2011 - 08/2005)
8.	van den Hoogen, Frank J A: 2 articles (02/2011 - 08/2005)
9.	Marres, Henri A M: 2 articles (02/2011 - 08/2005)
10.	May, A: 2 articles (02/2007 - 07/2006)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Zenker Diverticulum:

1.	BariumIBA 10/01/2015 - "Barium swallow and endoscopy are the gold standard for the diagnosis of pharyngoesophageal diverticulum. " 01/01/1990 - "The aims of this study were: 1) To measure pharyngeal and upper oesophageal function manometrically at the same time as recording video images of the patient swallowing barium, in normal controls and patients with Zenker's diverticulum, and, 2) In those patients who progressed to surgery to biopsy the cricopharyngeus and compare the findings with biopsies from normal controls. " 01/01/2014 - "A barium swallow confirmed a 9 cm Zenker's diverticulum. " 12/01/2011 - "The suspicion of a pharyngoesophageal diverticulum was confirmed on barium swallow. " 05/01/2010 - "All had a documented Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) on barium swallow. "
2.	Carbon MonoxideIBA 02/01/2010 - "Based on the present series, endoscopic CO(2) laser cricopharyngeal myectomy for Zenker's diverticulum can be considered an effective and safe procedure, with reduced hospitalization time and complication rate." 02/01/2011 - "The study centered around a retrospective evaluation of 107 patients with Zenker's diverticulum who were treated endoscopically by CO(2) laser (n = 72) or staple-assisted diverticulostomy (n = 35). " 02/01/2011 - "The 2 most frequently used endoscopic methods to treat Zenker's diverticulum are staple-assisted and CO(2) laser esophagodiverticulostomy. " 02/01/2010 - "A retrospective chart review has been made from December 1994 to April 2009 of all patients with Zenker's diverticulum treated by endoscopic cricopharyngeal myectomy using CO(2) laser at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery of the University of Brescia, Italy. " 12/01/1999 - "The microendoscopic approach with the CO(2) laser is a recommendable method for the treatment of Zenker's diverticulum and pseudodiverticulum in the postlaryngectomy patient. "
3.	Phenobarbital (Luminal)FDA Link 01/01/1990 - "In patients with Zenker's diverticulum intrapharyngeal pressures during barium swallows were significantly greater (p less than .05) and maximal luminal areas of the open sphincter were significantly less (p less than .05) than in control patients. " 01/01/1990 - "The coordination of the upper sphincter with swallowing, its relaxation, the pressures generated in the distal pharynx and the maximum luminal area of the open upper sphincter, were calculated for different volumes of barium swallowed in 11 patients with a Zenker's diverticulum (mean age 71 years, range 50-99) and 9 normal controls (mean age 65 years, range 55-86). "
4.	Carbon DioxideIBA 01/01/2015 - "The purpose of the present study is to evaluate long-term outcome and patients' satisfaction after endoscopic therapy of Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) and to analyze the results of the stapler technique in comparison with the application of the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser. " 04/01/2013 - "We used a retrospective chart review to analyze revision endoscopic carbon dioxide (CO2) laser and staple repairs of recurrent Zenker diverticulum (ZD). " 09/01/2013 - "We directly compared endoscopic carbon dioxide (CO2) laser and stapler treatment methods for both cricopharyngeal hypertrophy (CPH) and Zenker's diverticulum (ZD). "
5.	hydroxide ionIBA 06/01/2012 - "The purpose of this study is to review a consecutive series of patients with Zenker's diverticulum who were treated with endoscopic diverticulostomy using either the endoscopic stapler (ENDO GIA 30 Autosuture; Covidien, Dublin, Ireland) or Harmonic Ultrasonic Surgical Instrumentation (Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Cincinnati, OH) to evaluate the safety and optimal application of Harmonic technology to the treatment of patients with Zenker's diverticulum. " 07/01/2009 - "Retrospective study of 25 patients with symptomatic Zenker's diverticula who were treated endoscopically with the harmonic scalpel (Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc, Cincinnati, OH). "
6.	tranilast (N 5')IBA 11/01/2001 - "Sixteen patients who underwent various procedures for repair of Zenker's diverticulum (diverticulectomy and cricopharyngeal myotomy in [n = 8], diverticulopexy and cricopharyngeal myotomy [n = 4], endoscopic stapling diverticulotomy [n = 3], and cricopharyngeal myotomy alone [n = 1]) had radiographic studies with water-soluble contrast material, barium, or both during the early postoperative period (n = 7), late postoperative period (n = 4), or both (n = 5). "
7.	Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2008 - "A similar case with the same conclusion has been published in the past and since the use of aspirin has become common, especially in the elder population, we present this case report to highlight this possible life-threatening complication of Zenker's diverticulum in patients receiving aspirin." 03/01/1990 - "This report describes a patient who had massive bleeding due to ulceration in the base of a pharyngoesophageal diverticulum, presumed to have been caused by chronic aspirin ingestion. " 10/01/1994 - "We report a case of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding from a Zenker's diverticulum seen as hemoptysis and associated with chronic ingestion of one aspirin tablet every other day. "
8.	LatexIBA 05/01/2005 - "Zenker's diverticulum residual pouch measurements were performed with a previously reported latex glove model and in patients undergoing surgery. " 07/01/2002 - "The author has developed an inexpensive model for ESED using a utility latex glove to provide a simulated pharynx with a Zenker's diverticula. "
9.	Gadolinium DTPA (Magnevist)FDA Link 12/01/1992 - "To determine the value of Gd-DTPA as an oral contrast medium for the esophagus as a part of phase III clinical trial, 17 patients (10 esophageal neoplasms, 4 neoplasms of the pharyngo-laryngeal tract, 3 Zenker's diverticula) underwent MRI. "
10.	Alendronate (Alendronate Sodium)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/2011 - "Acute dysphagia/odynophagia developed in a 79-year-old female patient secondary to what we believe was a caustic injury to a large Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) in the setting of long-term alendronate use. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	General Anesthesia 08/01/2010 - "Flexible endoscopic cricopharyngeal myotomy is an effective treatment of symptomatic Zenker diverticulum, with low recurrence rates and with the benefit of no general anesthesia and hospitalization in most cases. " 11/01/2009 - "The combined endoscopic approach offers good results in patients with symptomatic Zenker's diverticulum who can be under general anesthesia during the surgery. " 10/01/2005 - "Flexible endoscopic cricopharyngeal myotomy is a simple, effective and safe treatment of Zenker's diverticulum that avoids the need for open cervical surgery and general anesthesia." 10/01/2012 - "Between 2001 and 2010, 91 patients with Zenker diverticulum underwent transoral stapling under general anesthesia. " 09/01/1995 - "Zenker's diverticulum treatment was done by endoscopic management of the elderly and debilitated patients without general anesthesia. "
2.	Gas Lasers 08/18/2003 - "Carbon dioxide laser diverticulostomy: a new treatment for Zenker diverticulum." 09/13/1997 - "Subsequently, we advocate that microendoscopic CO2 laser diverticulotomy should be considered as first-line treatment option for patients suffering of Zenker's diverticulum." 01/01/2009 - "Numerous studies regarding CO2 laser endoscopic diverticulotomy for the treatment of Zenker's diverticulum exist. " 05/01/2014 - "To evaluate outcomes following endoscopic management of Zenker's diverticula using a carbon dioxide laser (CO2) or stapler-assisted technique, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. " 01/01/2014 - "Data of 34 patients with Zenker's diverticulum, treated by endoscopic carbon dioxide laser diverticulotomy at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic, were prospectively stored and followed in relatively short period from May 2009 to December 2013. "
3.	Endoscopes 07/01/2003 - "Diverticulotomy with a flexible endoscope and soft diverticuloscope is an effective treatment for Zenker's diverticulum." 12/01/2001 - "The feasibility and efficacy of incision of the septum between the pharyngoesophageal (Zenker's) diverticulum and the esophagus with a flexible endoscope and needle-knife have been demonstrated. " 02/01/2007 - "Zenker's diverticulum was commonly treated by means of external transcervical diverticulectomy, myotomy or diverticulopexy, or by means of an endoscopic myotomy through a rigid endoscope. " 07/01/2003 - "Recently developed treatments for Zenker's diverticulum include the use of a flexible endoscope, which is minimally invasive. " 12/01/2001 - "With the use of the oblique-end hood attached to the tip of the endoscope, incision of Zenker's diverticulum is simplified and can be performed as a single-session procedure."
4.	Lasers (Laser) 10/01/2011 - "This study aimed to evaluate the results of endoscopic laser-assisted diverticulotomy and the transcervical approach in treating Zenker's diverticulum. " 10/01/2002 - "The objective of the present study was to review the technique of endoscopic laser-assisted esophagodiverticulostomy (ELAED) for the treatment of Zenker's diverticulum. " 12/01/2014 - "The endoscopic laser-assisted diverticulotomy is an effective method of treating Zenker's diverticulum. " 12/01/2014 - "Long-term symptom control after endoscopic laser-assisted diverticulotomy of Zenker's diverticulum." 09/01/2013 - "Laser diverticulotomy for Zenker's diverticulum--does it improve quality of life?"
5.	Laryngectomy 06/01/2003 - "Post-total laryngectomy Zenker's diverticulum: endoscopic stapled-assisted esophagodiverticulostomy." 01/01/1993 - "A case of a pharyngeal diverticulum complicating a total laryngectomy is presented. " 03/01/1982 - "Transoral management of pharyngeal diverticula after laryngectomy." 10/01/2000 - "[Dysphagia caused by Zenker's diverticulum after total laryngectomy]." 12/01/1999 - "Dysphagia is a common symptom and can be caused by anterior pharyngeal (pseudodiverticulum after laryngectomy) and posterior pharyngeal (Zenker's) diverticula. "