Critical Illness (Critically Ill)

01/01/2012 - "Analysis of the first 24 hours using 6-hour blocks of SI data showed that most of the improvement in insulin sensitivity level and variability seen between days 1 and 2 occurred during the first 12-18 hours of day 1. Critically ill patients have significantly lower and more variable insulin sensitivity on day 1 than later in their ICU stay and particularly during the first 12 hours. "
01/01/2013 - "Among those few admitted for clinical intervention, intensive insulin treatment has proven to be effective in the reduction of disease related complications in critically ill patients. "
06/01/2007 - "Recent clinical trials have shown a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality rates with the use of intensive insulin therapy to maintain strict normoglycemia in critically ill patients. "
03/01/2011 - "Insulin therapy to maintain PGL <7.0 mmol/L (<126 mg/dL) has been reported to be beneficial in critically ill patients, but the safety and efficacy of this approach in patients with AIS are not well established. "
02/01/2009 - "The initial high values of serum insulin and IR were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) as these patients recovered from their critical illness. "

01/01/2014 - "Thereafter, accuracy of the device to measure plasma glucose levels in 'our cohort' of critically ill patients improved, but external validation is highly recommended. "
01/01/1980 - "However, the efficacy of this depends on: (1) early nutritional assessment; (2) sequential nutritional assessment as dictated by the clinical condition of the patient; (3) careful estimation of requirements based on calculated energy expenditure and use of the "stress-index"; (4) early use of enteral feedings in combination with peripheral and central intravenous routes, especially with the use of "feeding modules" to provide patient's specific concentrated diet; (5) use of intravenous fat as an isotonic supplement to dextrose in the presence of carbohydrate intolerance; (6) avoid overfeeding as rigorously as underfeeding; (7) continued clinical trials to determine optimal nutritional/metabolic support of the critically ill."
09/01/2010 - "Even without diabetes, tight glucose control is beneficial in hospitalized, critically ill patients. "
03/01/2005 - "Implementing a computerized version of a guideline significantly improved timeliness of measurements and glucose level regulation for critically ill patients compared with implementing a paper-based version of the guideline."
01/01/2009 - "In this feasibility study the eMPC algorithm provided similar, effective and safe tight glucose control over 72 h in critically ill patients in two different ICUs. "

09/01/2013 - "Analysis: New point-of-care blood glucose monitoring system for the hospital demonstrates satisfactory analytical accuracy using blood from critically ill patients--an important step toward improved blood glucose control in the hospital."
01/01/2010 - "In recent years, clinical trials evaluating blood glucose control in critically ill patients advocated for intense blood glucose management and found a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality. "
03/01/2010 - "Therefore, it is inappropriate to generalize IIT for all critically ill patients, even though it significantly improved blood glucose control."
01/01/2009 - "Maintaining arterial blood glucose within tight limits is beneficial in critically ill patients. "
09/01/2008 - "Controlling blood glucose concentrations may therefore be beneficial in the critically ill neonatal foal, and this warrants further investigation."

01/01/2001 - "Although glutamine status in the critically ill patient can be improved by nutritional means, the most effective way of effecting such supplementation has received little attention. "
11/01/2011 - "However, given the good results and absence of glutamine-related adverse effects in the various studies performed in the general population of critically-ill patients, these patients could benefit from the use of this substance. "
11/01/2011 - "However, given the good results and absence of glutamine-related adverse effects in the various studies performed in the general population of critically-ill patients, these patients could benefit from the use of this substance. "
11/01/1996 - "We hypothesize that glutamine-enriched TPN may have been beneficial in the hospital course of this critically ill patient and may have influenced the patient's intestinal function and permeability."
09/01/2006 - "Glutamine (GLN) has been shown to improve outcome after experimental and clinical models of critical illness. "

09/01/2015 - "Administration of highly bioavailable oral antibiotics should be considered for nearly all non-critically ill patients and has been recommended as an effective and safe strategy for over two decades. "
01/01/2014 - "An augmented renal clearance has been described in some groups of critically ill patients, and it might induce sub-optimal concentrations of drugs eliminated by glomerular filtration, mainly antibiotics. "
02/01/2013 - "In spite of controversy the continuous administration of this group of antibiotics is common practice, because the results of both studies point to the higher efficacy of this method in critically ill patients. "
04/01/2015 - "Increased renal clearance of antibiotics also occurs in the ICU patient and therefore β-lactam antibiotic exposure in the critically ill could easily lead to trough drug concentrations below therapeutic ranges. "
01/01/2011 - "Prophylactic use of antibiotics in critically ill patients is effective in reducing the incidence of VAP. "

07/01/1993 - "When serial measurements of oxygen delivery, oxygen consumption, and the oxygen extraction ratio follow each therapeutic intervention that is directed at increasing oxygen delivery, the survival rate of critically ill patients is significantly improved."
12/01/2002 - "Although these devices have improved our understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of critical illness, at a clinical level titrating oxygen therapy to tissue oxygen tensions has only been shown to be useful in patients with impaired wound healing. "
05/01/2012 - "SvO(2) monitoring, it could be argued, provides the gold standard for assessing arterial and venous oxygen indices in the critically ill. "
01/01/2011 - "Physicians often justify RBC transfusions in critically ill children when anaemia is present because of the assumption that by increasing the haemoglobin level the delivery of oxygen (DO2) to peripheral tissues is improved so that ultimately the oxygen utilization (VO2) can be improved. "
06/16/1994 - "Elevation of systemic oxygen delivery and consumption has been associated with an improved outcome in critically ill patients. "

06/01/1998 - "[Efficacy of early erythropoietin use in critically ill, very-low-birthweight premature newborn infants: controlled clinical trial]."
09/01/2006 - "Efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin in critically ill patients admitted to a long-term acute care facility: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial."
10/05/2005 - "The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of two dosing schedules of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in increasing haematocrit (Hct) and haemoglobin (Hb) and reducing exposure to allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in critically ill patients. "
11/01/1999 - "Efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin in the critically ill patient: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial."
12/11/2002 - "Efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled trial."

12/01/2010 - "Although the pharmacodynamic parameters that better predict the efficacy of colistin are not known in humans, in critically ill adult patients the IV administration of CMS 2 million International Units (174 mg) q8h results in apparently suboptimal plasma concentrations of colistin, which is undetectable in BAL. "
08/01/2015 - "The present study has demonstrated that the addition of inhaled colistin to IV colistin led to a shorter TBE in critically ill children with VAP due to COS GNB. "
12/01/2014 - "In this study, CMS and colistin concentrations were measured on two separate occasions within the plasma and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of critically ill patients (n = 12) who had received 2 million international units (MIU) of CMS by aerosol delivery and then intravenous administration. "
07/01/2014 - "Our study showed that high-dose, extended-interval colistin can be given to critically ill patients without any significant risk of nephrotoxicity."
08/01/2013 - "The objective was to study the PK/PD differences of CMS and colistin between three different CMS dosage regimens in the same critically ill patient. "

11/01/1990 - "Clinical studies with rapidly administered intravenous cimetidine in critically ill patients have demonstrated a depression in blood pressure in up to 75 percent of patients. "
12/18/1987 - "However, recent studies with primed continuous infusion of cimetidine in critically ill patients have demonstrated that consistent elevation of gastric pH to 4.0 may be attained with this regimen. "
10/01/1989 - "The Authors suggest that only critically ill patients require prophylactic use of cimetidine."
01/01/1989 - "Effect of a 2 g cimetidine infusion on 24-h intragastric pH in critically ill patients."
01/01/1988 - "We evaluated the effect of a cimetidine continuous infusion (2 g in 24 h) on the intragastric pH of 16 critically ill patients (11 men, 5 women, mean age 45 years). "

01/01/2013 - "While total cortisol concentrations did not differ between test groups, salivary and serum-free cortisol concentrations were significantly greater in both groups of children with critical illness. "
09/01/2011 - "Ascertainment of adrenal function assessing free rather that total cortisol may be beneficial for the diagnosis of critical illness-related cortisol insufficiency. "
03/01/2015 - "Additional studies would be needed to determine whether assessment of cortisol kinetic parameters such as maximal cortisol secretion rate and free cortisol half-life is useful in the diagnosis or management of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency."
12/01/2014 - "In this prospective, observational study, measurement of total (TC) and free cortisol (FC) levels was made in the serum samples of 69 critically ill patients (39 males and 30 females, median age of 74 years) at admission (0 h) and 6, 24, 48, and 96 h after admission. "
12/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of cortisol concentrations in a mixed population of critically ill patients in medical emergencies. "

08/01/2007 - "We evaluated the efficacy of the COMFORT scale in assessing optimal sedation in critically ill children requiring mechanical ventilation. "
08/01/2007 - "The efficacy of the COMFORT scale in assessing optimal sedation in critically ill children requiring mechanical ventilation."
06/01/2014 - "It has been recently suggested that this approach might also be beneficial in a broader population, especially in critically ill patients without ARDS at the onset of mechanical ventilation. "
06/01/2014 - "The ultimate goal in managing care for the chronically critically ill is liberation from mechanical ventilation, leading to improved survival and enhanced quality of life. "
05/01/2014 - "Mobilization of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit is associated with improved function at hospital discharge and reduced duration of mechanical ventilation (MV). "

04/01/2014 - "Randomized trials suggest that early enteral nutrition is beneficial in critically ill adults. "
08/01/1995 - "Furthermore, there is increasing evidence, that enteral nutrition provides significant benefits to patients who are critically ill and after major gastrointestinal surgery. "
05/01/1994 - "We demonstrated the safety and efficacy of immediate enteral feeding in patients with major thermal injury, and have found this practice to be applicable to a wide variety of other critically ill patients. "
11/01/2012 - "The self-advancing jejunal feeding tube can be used effectively to establish early EN in critically ill children."
05/01/2010 - "VSL#3 was effective in reducing the frequency of liquid stool in critically ill patients receiving enteral nutrition. "

04/01/2008 - "Small randomized trials give some evidence that an early start of renal replacement therapy may be beneficial in critically ill patients. "
07/01/1998 - "Continuous veno-venous renal replacement therapies are useful in the treatment of critically ill children. "
05/01/1990 - "Continuous arteriovenous hemodiafiltration is a safe and effective means of renal replacement therapy in the critically ill child. "
07/01/1987 - "CAVH is an effective and safe extracorporal renal replacement therapy system to correct fluid- and electrolyte imbalances in critically ill children. "
10/01/1986 - "Continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration is a safe and effective renal replacement therapy system for critically ill patients. "

01/01/2006 - "Appropriate positioning of the critically ill patient can dramatically improve gas exchange, resulting in a shorter stay in the critical care unit and an improved outcome. "
07/01/2013 - "With its powerful ability to monitoring and support of organs, the survival rate of critically ill patients has been improved significantly by critical care medicine. "
01/01/2005 - "Future challenges will include providing an adequate workforce; ensuring critical care is delivered to the right patients at the right time; converting advances in our understanding of the biology of critical illness into improved care and outcomes; and partnering successfully with patients, families, and society in forging the critical care of the future."
07/01/2014 - "Neurocritical care has been at the forefront of our thinking and, more latterly, as a specialty we have had the technology and means to develop this focus, educate the next generation and show that outcomes can be improved-first in adult critical care and now the task is to translate these benefits to critically ill children. "
11/01/2013 - "Although studies demonstrating improved clinical outcomes for critically ill patients managed by focused critical care echocardiography are generally lacking, there is evidence to suggest that some intermediate outcomes are improved. "

12/01/2013 - "Multiple studies suggest that routine use of pulmonary artery catheters is not beneficial in critically ill patients. "
01/01/2014 - "Critically ill patients and patients undergoing high-risk and major surgery, are instrumented with intra-arterial catheters and invasive blood pressure is considered the "gold standard" for arterial pressure monitoring. "
11/01/1999 - "CT-guided percutaneous catheter drainage provided effective treatment for loculated thoracic air collections and obviated surgical intervention in these critically ill, high-surgical-risk patients."
03/01/1996 - "An umbilical tape bridle with a central venous catheter fastener clamp anchor is a safe and effective method to prevent the accidental removal of nasoenteric feeding tubes in critically ill patients. "
09/01/2007 - "To assess the efficacy of the CathRite system as a tool to guide clinicians in placement of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) into the superior vena cava (SVC) in critically ill patients. "