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Peripheral Vascular Diseases (Peripheral Vascular Disease)

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Pathological processes involving any one of the BLOOD VESSELS in the vasculature outside the HEART.

Also Known As:

Peripheral Vascular Disease; Diseases, Peripheral Vascular; Angiopathies, Peripheral; Angiopathy, Peripheral; Disease, Peripheral Vascular; Peripheral Angiopathy; Vascular Disease, Peripheral; Peripheral Angiopathies; Vascular Diseases, Peripheral

Networked: 2955 relevant articles (87 outcomes, 362 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Cardiovascular Diseases: 37259
- Vascular Diseases: 10289
  - Peripheral Vascular Diseases: 2955

Related Diseases

1.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
2.	Stroke (Strokes)
3.	Myocardial Infarction
4.	Coronary Artery Disease (Coronary Atherosclerosis)
5.	Pain (Aches)

Experts

1.	Stansby, Gerard: 10 articles (01/2015 - 01/2011)
2.	Robertson, Lindsay: 9 articles (01/2015 - 01/2012)
3.	Yang, Chun-Yuh: 9 articles (01/2008 - 09/2004)
4.	Masoomi, Hossein: 8 articles (11/2014 - 08/2011)
5.	Stamos, Michael J: 7 articles (11/2013 - 08/2011)
6.	Chiu, Hui-Fen: 7 articles (01/2008 - 09/2004)
7.	Morishita, Ryuichi: 7 articles (11/2006 - 06/2002)
8.	Bedenis, Rachel: 6 articles (01/2015 - 01/2014)
9.	Yeoh, Su Ern: 6 articles (01/2015 - 01/2013)
10.	Andras, Alina: 6 articles (01/2014 - 01/2012)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Peripheral Vascular Diseases:

1.	Pentoxifylline (Trental)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1992 - "The proposed mechanism of action for pentoxifylline's beneficial effect in peripheral vascular disease is an improvement in red blood cell deformability. " 06/01/1991 - "Pentoxifylline (Trental) improves microvascular flow and appears to be effective against peripheral vascular disease. " 08/01/1986 - "The results of this study indicate that the continuous infusion of pentoxifylline is safe and effective in improving the condition of patients with severe peripheral vascular disease." 09/01/1990 - "One hundred one patients with peripheral vascular disease of the lower extremity were entered into a study of the efficacy of oral pentoxifylline to determine if the response to therapy varied with the severity of disease. " 09/01/1993 - "Studies show that pentoxifylline is an alternative to vascular surgery in the management of peripheral vascular disease in diabetic patients, particularly in those with chronic ulceration of the lower extremities that does not heal despite other optimal treatment regimens, including cessation of smoking, maintenance of normoglycemia, elimination of vasoconstrictive drugs, correctly fitted shoes, and appropriate would care. "
2.	glucuronyl glucosamine glycan sulfate (Vessel)IBA 01/01/1985 - "Thirty patients suffering from peripheral vascular disease (stage-II according to Fontaine) were included in a double-blind study aimed at assessing the efficacy of a high-dose glycosaminoglycan (GAG) (Sulodexide) both in terms of laboratory parameters, such as lipid metabolism and blood coagulation components, and instrumental procedures (strain-gauge plethysmography). " 05/01/2007 - "Studies of newly described biologic mediators that act on large-vessel and microvascular beds in these organs will help us to better understand organ-specific vascular development, as well as to develop novel therapeutic strategies to improve the condition of patients with cardiac and peripheral vascular disease. " 01/01/1992 - "A pulsed irrigation system, proximal and distal blood flow control by pressure, and attention to sheath/vessel diameter ratio were incorporated into a study in which angioscopy was used for pretreatment assessment in 23 patients with symptomatic peripheral vascular disease presenting for initial (8 patients) evaluation or repeat treatment (15 patients) following a previous vascular procedure. " 04/01/2014 - "Several alternative access routes are available to choose from when confronted with difficult iliofemoral anatomy such as severe peripheral vascular disease or diffuse circumferential vessel calcification. " 09/01/2013 - "Preoperative MRA effectively excluded large vessel anomalies and peripheral vascular disease, and precisely identified the septocutaneous perforators. "
3.	Epoprostenol (Prostacyclin)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1991 - "We recently reported the results of a double-blind trial of PGI2 in 108 patients with ischaemic peripheral vascular disease Stage II according to Fontaine. " 07/01/1991 - "Intravenous prostacyclin (PGI2) infusion to 108 patients with ischaemic peripheral vascular disease: phase II-open study." 06/01/1990 - "A double blind placebo controlled trial of intravenous prostacyclin (PGI2) in 108 patients with ischaemic peripheral vascular disease." 11/01/1987 - "1. Epoprostenol (prostacyclin, PGI2) has been evaluated in clinical trials in peripheral vascular disease and other conditions chiefly on the basis of its platelet inhibitory properties. " 06/01/1993 - "1. Prostacyclin (PGI2) and its analogues may be useful in peripheral vascular disease. "
4.	Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2009 - "Multiple well-designed prospective randomized clinical trials have demonstrated aspirin's efficacy in both primary and secondary prevention of a wide variety of entities that the atherothrombotic disease spectrum encompasses, such as cerebrovascular, coronary artery, and peripheral vascular disease. " 08/01/2004 - "This study should alert clinicians to the risk of discontinuing chronic aspirin therapy in patients with severe peripheral vascular disease." 10/01/1993 - "A study was performed to evaluate the effect of low-dose aspirin (75 mg/day) on platelet reactivity in patients with peripheral vascular disease. " 05/01/2014 - "After adjusting for age and disease duration, current smoking at RA diagnosis [odds ratio (OR) 1.98], coexistent peripheral vascular disease (OR 3.98), cerebrovascular disease (OR 6.48), severe RA (OR 2.02) (characterized by radiographic erosions, nodulosis on clinical examination or requirement of joint surgery) and the use of biologics (OR 2.80) were found to increase the odds for developing RV; the use of HCQ (OR 0.54, CI 0.31, 0.94) and low-dose aspirin (OR 0.42, CI 0.21, 0.85) was associated with decreased odds for developing RV. " 01/01/2013 - "Overall analysis showed a significant association of absence of peripheral vascular disease, aspirin use, and absence of previous permanent dialysis access with higher primary patency rates. "
5.	Alprostadil (Muse)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/1998 - "Prostaglandin E1 in peripheral vascular disease: a PET study of muscular blood flow." 05/01/2004 - "PGE1 is a beneficial medication, and optimal results are obtained when it is used in early peripheral vascular disease." 11/01/2002 - "Therefore, beneficial effects of PGE1 in peripheral vascular disease cannot be attributed to an increase in blood supply or an improvement of endothelial-dependent vasodilation." 11/01/2002 - "Endothelial function in patients with peripheral vascular disease: influence of prostaglandin E1." 12/01/2001 - "If intravenous PGE1 is able to increase the flow velocity of these vessels in patients with peripheral vascular disease, it is possible that it is also able to increase the flow velocity of these vessels in patients with ocular disease as well. "
6.	Insulin (Novolin)FDA Link 05/01/2007 - "Calcification of the ascending aorta, peripheral vascular disease, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitis, and age were the independent risk factors of late death. " 09/01/2005 - "Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) has been reported to cause deterioration in insulin sensitivity. " 07/01/1999 - "These sets were then placed into a fresh-frozen cadaver foot and ankle with a history of insulin-dependent diabetes and peripheral vascular disease. " 12/01/1998 - "Insulin action enhancement normalizes brachial artery vasoactivity in patients with peripheral vascular disease and occult diabetes." 03/01/1997 - "Patients treated with insulin therapy had a higher frequency of peripheral vascular disease (insulin therapy, 14%; OHA therapy, 10%; p < .05); neuropathy (insulin therapy, 55%; OHA therapy, 37%; p < .0001); and retinopathy (insulin therapy, 71%; OHA therapy, 45%; p < .0001). "
7.	Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF)IBA 08/16/2005 - "START Trial: a pilot study on STimulation of ARTeriogenesis using subcutaneous application of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as a new treatment for peripheral vascular disease." 01/01/2003 - "Design of the START-trial: STimulation of ARTeriogenesis using subcutaneous application of GM-CSF as a new treatment for peripheral vascular disease. " 06/01/2006 - "Although a recent clinical study demonstrated disappointing results after subcutaneous GM-CSF application in patients with PAD, we hypothesized that intra-arterial cytokine application using implantable infusion pumps might well stimulate arteriogenesis in a large-species model of peripheral vascular disease. "
8.	Vasodilator Agents (Vasodilators)IBA 03/01/1992 - "Assessment of the efficacy of vasodilator drugs in peripheral vascular disease through a study of skeletal muscle metabolism using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy." 07/19/1979 - "Vasodilator drugs for peripheral vascular disease." 10/01/1975 - "Vasodilator drugs in peripheral vascular disease." 11/10/1972 - "Vasodilator drugs and peripheral vascular disease." 07/31/1965 - "VASODILATOR DRUGS IN PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE."
9.	Ticlopidine (Ticlid)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1998 - "Platelet adhesion in 13 patients with peripheral vascular disease treated with ticlopidine, 250 mg b.i.d for 30 days, was measured in culture microplates before and after therapy. " 08/01/1993 - "The findings suggest that ticlopidine can improve the cutaneous microcirculation in patients with peripheral vascular disease." 08/01/1993 - "Effect of ticlopidine on the cutaneous circulation in peripheral vascular disease." 12/11/1997 - "We assessed the effect of ticlopidine, an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, on the long-term patency of saphenous-vein bypass grafts for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease. " 09/01/1993 - "The use of ticlopidine in diabetic microangiopathy and peripheral vascular disease appears promising, but further studies are needed. "
10.	Cinnarizine (Cinna)IBA 01/01/1979 - "A multicentre general practice study of cinnarizine in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease." 03/27/1981 - "Peripheral vascular disease: cinnarizine et al." 01/01/1971 - "[Clinical evaluation of Cinnarizine in patients with peripheral vascular diseases]." 10/01/1981 - "In this paper a comparison was established from the clinical, neurological, psychological, and laboratory viewpoints, between the effects on the cental nervous system of a vasodilating medication, cinnarizine, currently accepted as effective, and buflomedil, a medicine recently introduced, which has shown good promise in the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases. " 06/01/1980 - "Furthermore, it distinguishes between vasodilators that are effective in hypertension, eg hydralazine and diazoxide, and vasodilators that are used to treat peripheral vascular disease, eg cinnarizine and papaverine."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Amputation 08/01/2012 - "Rehabilitation in a CIRU resulted in improved mobility success for veterans undergoing major lower extremity amputation secondary to peripheral vascular disease or diabetes. " 01/01/1987 - "In patients with peripheral vascular disease requiring amputation, a below-knee stump is likely to result in improved function compared to above-knee. " 08/01/2012 - "Whilst there are numerous studies investigating perioperative mortality of amputations performed for peripheral vascular disease, there are few studies exploring this in oncology patients. " 07/01/2010 - "All patients undergoing a lower limb amputation as a result of peripheral vascular disease, as identified by ICD-10 code, between January 2003 and January 2009 were included in the study. " 04/01/2010 - "To study the outcomes of a new surgical and rehabilitation program for initial unilateral transtibial amputation in patients with peripheral vascular disease. "
2.	Angioplasty (Angioplasty, Transluminal) 02/01/2002 - "Angioplasty or stenting to facilitate IABP placement in patients with peripheral vascular disease is safe and effective." 05/01/2013 - "During the study period, 113 duplex imaging studies of the lower limb followed by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty were performed at our hospital for peripheral vascular disease. " 01/01/2009 - "The Cochrane Peripheral Vascular Diseases (PVD) Group searched their trials register (last searched February 2009) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library (2009, Issue 1) for publications describing randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of percutaneous angioplasty with or without stenting. " 03/01/2006 - "The outcomes of medical management of peripheral vascular disease localized to the superficial femoral artery (SFA) were compared with those obtained by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with or without stenting in a review of selected studies. " 03/01/1993 - "We conclude that the study design of Tunis et al was inadequate to determine the beneficial effects of angioplasty or bypass surgery in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease. "
3.	Lasers (Laser) 01/01/1993 - "New innovations in technology, including improved arterial imaging techniques and better laser delivery systems, are required before LABA can become a standard therapy for the treatment of patients with peripheral vascular disease. " 12/01/2005 - "Initial attempts in the 1980s to utilize the "laser" to treat peripheral vascular disease led to a clinical debacle: wavelengths and methods were not optimized; tissue heating was excessive, resulting in restenosis. " 12/01/2003 - "Laser revascularization may also provide an alternative method for treating peripheral vascular disease. " 05/01/2000 - "Can the green laser doppler measure skin-nutritive perfusion in patients with peripheral vascular disease?" 08/01/1997 - "Diabetic patients with peripheral vascular disease had the lowest value and the least fluctuation in laser Doppler flowmetry, but their digital skin temperature did not differ significantly from that of the normal subjects."
4.	Sympathectomy (Sympathectomies) 03/01/1998 - "We present our experience of 15 patients operated on by lumbar sympathectomies between 1987-1993, to confirm the effective and permanent efficacy of sympathectomy in peripheral vascular disease of the lower limbs. " 01/01/2003 - "The aim of the study was an evaluation of the effect of onesided lumbar sympathectomy in patients with peripheral vascular disease of lower extremity(ies), using perfusion scintigraphy with (99)mTc-MIBI and ultrasound Doppler blood flow-rate measurements. " 01/01/1990 - "A prospective study of 85 lumbar sympathectomies for inoperable peripheral vascular disease was conducted to analyze the correlation between lumbar sympathectomy, ankle/arm index (AAI), popliteal-brachial index (PBI), and the clinical presentation; and to study if predicted clinical criteria, single or combined, could be defined for selection of patients who might benefit from lumbar sympathectomy. " 04/17/2010 - "Mesh terms: sympathectomy, peripheral vascular disease, lower extremity, vascular therapy, iliac artery, femoral artery, popliteal artery. " 04/17/2010 - "[Effectiveness of lumbar sympathectomy in the treatment of occlusive peripheral vascular disease in lower limbs: systematic review]."
5.	Microspheres (Microsphere) 08/01/1973 - "The distribution of radioactive microspheres after intra-arterial injection in the legs of patients with peripheral vascular disease." 08/01/1973 - "Effect of reactive hyperemia on the distribution of radioactive microspheres in patients with peripheral vascular disease." 02/01/1987 - "These results indicate that lipo-PGE1 at a low dose is beneficial in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease, and that lipid microspheres are useful as a drug delivery system for such purposes." 10/01/1983 - "Prostaglandin E1 is more effective, when incorporated in lipid microspheres, for treatment of peripheral vascular diseases in man." 02/01/1987 - "A multicenter double blind controlled study of lipo-PGE1, PGE1 incorporated in lipid microspheres, in peripheral vascular disease secondary to connective tissue disorders."