Panuveitis

Inflammation in which both the anterior and posterior segments of the uvea are involved and a specific focus is not apparent. It is often severe and extensive and a serious threat to vision. Causes include systemic diseases such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and syphilis, as well as malignancies. The intermediate segment of the eye is not involved.

Networked: 277 relevant articles (19 outcomes, 22 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Intermediate Uveitis (Chronic Cyclitis)
2.	Posterior Uveitis
3.	Inflammation
4.	Retinal Vasculitis
5.	Chorioretinitis

Experts

1.	Jabs, Douglas A: 14 articles (12/2015 - 12/2002)
2.	Thorne, Jennifer E: 13 articles (12/2015 - 12/2002)
3.	Kempen, John H: 10 articles (12/2015 - 11/2009)
4.	Foster, C Stephen: 8 articles (11/2014 - 02/2002)
5.	Holbrook, Janet T: 6 articles (12/2015 - 04/2010)
6.	Rosenbaum, James T: 6 articles (11/2014 - 12/2002)
7.	Suhler, Eric B: 6 articles (11/2014 - 11/2009)
8.	Dunn, James P: 5 articles (12/2015 - 12/2006)
9.	Altaweel, Michael M: 5 articles (12/2015 - 04/2010)
10.	Nussenblatt, Robert B: 5 articles (11/2014 - 05/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Panuveitis:

1.	infliximab (Remicade)FDA Link 11/01/2011 - "A single infliximab infusion should be considered for the control of acute panuveitis, whereas repeated long-term infliximab infusions were proved to be more effective in reducing the number of episodes in refractory uveoretinitis with faster regression and complete remission of CME." 11/01/2002 - "Preliminary results strongly suggest that infliximab is remarkably effective in inducing short-term remission of almost all manifestations of the disease, including acute, sight threatening panuveitis. " 09/01/2011 - "We report this case to contribute to the few previously reported cases showing the beneficial effect of long-term infliximab therapy for Behcet's panuveitis. " 09/01/2011 - "Reporting the effect of intravenous infliximab infusion therapy for 54 weeks in a case of Behcet's panuveitis and unilateral inflammatory maculopathy. " 09/01/2011 - "The Effect of Infliximab Therapy on Maculopathy in Behcet's Panuveitis: A Case Report."
2.	Multifocal choroiditisIBA 01/01/2015 - "To describe the progressive, peripheral linear streaks of the equatorial retina, known as Schlaegel lines, in multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis (MCP). " 01/01/2015 - "Multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis presenting with progressive equatorial linear streaks: evolution of Schlaegel lines documented with multimodal imaging." 01/01/2014 - "Approximately half of the patients presented with bilateral involvement, which is less than has been reported in most case series of multifocal choroiditis with panuveitis. " 01/01/2014 - "Multifocal choroiditis without panuveitis: clinical characteristics and progression." 07/01/2013 - "To evaluate the characteristics of multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis (MCP) and punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC) using multimodal imaging. "
3.	Cyclosporine (Ciclosporin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2012 - "Combined phacovitrectomy with preoperative cyclosporin A in management of resistant panuveitis." 07/01/2003 - "In both cases panuveitis recurred three or four times yearly despite corticosteroid and cyclosporin therapies. " 11/01/1998 - "The authors' results suggest that cyclosporine is a safe and effective therapy for the treatment of children with severe bilateral sight-threatening intermediate uveitis or panuveitis." 11/01/1998 - "To review the safety and efficacy of cyclosporine in the treatment of children with severe bilateral sight-threatening intermediate uveitis or panuveitis. " 07/01/2000 - "A 73-year-old woman with panuveitis and retinal vasculitis presented with a lump on her lip after 52 months of treatment with cyclosporin A. "
4.	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor)IBA 01/01/2003 - "As regards the treatment, anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy has been shown to be effective for mucocutaneous symptoms as well as for sight-threatening panuveitis, although a randomized, controlled trial is required." 06/01/2001 - "Our success with this patient strongly supports the critical role of tumor necrosis factor in the immunopathogenesis of some cases of idiopathic panuveitis. " 09/01/2011 - "To report a case of Behcet's panuveitis and unilateral inflammatory maculopathy which was refractory to conventional immunosuppressive therapy but responded well to long-term treatment with the tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor infliximab. " 01/01/2006 - "The purpose of this study was to determine levels of IL-2, -4, -5, -10, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma in aqueous humor (AH) from patients with active panuveitis, anterior uveitis (AU), and noninflammatory controls by using a flow cytometric mutiplex array (CBA) and to compare with results from ELISA. " 12/01/2007 - "To report a case of uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis that progressed from iritis to panuveitis with disc neovascularization during a clinical trial of etanercept, a tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-alpha) blocker. "
5.	Interferon-alpha (Interferon Alfa)FDA Link 07/01/2003 - "We report the cases of two brothers suffering from severe recurrent idiopathic panuveitis dramatically improved following alpha interferon therapy. " 05/01/1998 - "To study long term effects of interferon alpha 2a (IFN alpha 2a) on panuveitis in seven patients with Behçet's disease in a prospective, open clinical trial. " 07/01/2003 - "- Alpha interferon therapy seems efficient in severe idiopathic panuveitis. " 07/01/2003 - "[Familial recurrent bilateral panuveitis: efficiency of alpha interferon]." 07/01/2007 - "Interferon-alpha as an effective treatment for noninfectious posterior uveitis and panuveitis."
6.	daclizumab (dacliximab)FDA Link 09/01/2008 - "This study was designed to provide preliminary data regarding the safety and efficacy of high-dose humanized anti-IL-2 receptor (daclizumab) therapy for the treatment of active intermediate, posterior or panuveitis. " 05/01/2005 - "To assess the feasibility of a study design that may determine whether subcutaneous administration of the interleukin-2 receptor antibody daclizumab can safely reduce the dependence on standard systemic corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive regimens in patients with sight-threatening, noninfectious intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, or panuveitis. "
7.	Fluorescein (Funduscein)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2009 - "These results suggest that fluorescein angiography may be helpful for predicting visual prognosis for Behçet patients with panuveitis." 01/01/2009 - "Ninety-three eyes from 69 Behçet patients with active panuveitis underwent fluorescein angiography, and the characteristic findings by angiography were determined. " 08/01/2013 - "Baseline fundus and fluorescein images of patients with panuveitis, posterior, or intermediate uveitis enrolled in the Multi-center Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) trial. " 08/01/2013 - "Idiopathic panuveitis is a diagnosis of exclusion that lacks distinguishing features on fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography. " 02/01/2001 - "To evaluate whether inactive cases of presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS) and multifocal choroiditis with panuveitis (MFC) can be differentiated from each other by their appearance on fundus photography and fluorescein angiography. "
8.	Prednisolone (Predate)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2015 - "Bilateral panuveitis with pupil occlusion developed 6 months after the cessation of prednisolone, however, began to resolve as soon as the treatment was resumed. " 12/01/2003 - "Mycophenolate mofetil is safe for long-term usage and is recommended for treatment of refractory panuveitis or posterior uveitis with uncontrolled inflammation despite high prednisolone maintenance dosage (>15 mg/day) or toxicity or lack of efficacy of other immuno-suppressive agents. " 12/01/2007 - "The methotrexate which she has been taking was stopped, and prednisolone was decreased gradually from 7 mg. The iritis worsened and progressed to panuveitis with disc neovascularization when the prednisolone dose had been tapered to 2 mg. The uveitis was controlled by treatment with a steroid pulse and a liposteroid. " 04/01/2012 - "Patients with acute posterior or panuveitis, and/or retinal vasculitis, resistant to azathioprine and/or ciclosporin, and receiving 10 mg/day or less of prednisolone, were enrolled into the 98-day study. "
9.	1-phenyl-3,3-dimethyltriazene (PDT)IBA 01/01/2006 - "PDT in subfoveal or juxtafoveal classic CNV secondary to multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis stabilized or improved VA in the majority of patients over a longer follow-up period. " 05/01/2008 - "Two patients with multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis (MCP) experienced vision losses of five and 11 lines after four PDT sessions despite receiving additional steroidal treatment. " 10/01/2002 - "To study the effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using verteporfin on the treatment of patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis (MCP), an uncommon disorder with no proven forms of therapy. " 01/01/2006 - "To evaluate the visual benefit of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin in patients with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis over a longer follow-up period. "
10.	Acetazolamide (Diamox)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1996 - "Forty patients with chronic intermediate, posterior, or panuveitis associated cystoid macular edema were randomized into a masked, cross-over trial comparing acetazolamide versus placebo. " 03/01/2005 - "Symptoms and findings of pseudotumor cerebri and panuveitis improved significantly after combination therapy of oral acetazolamide and weight reduction. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Vitrectomy 12/01/2005 - "To determine whether vitrectomy is safe and effective for the management of vitreoretinal complications in Behçet's patients with persistent panuveitis. " 09/01/2012 - "Diagnostic vitrectomy was performed on eyes with intermediate, posterior, or panuveitis in which an etiology could not be characterized by history, clinical examination, ancillary testing, and/or laboratory testing. " 04/01/2012 - "This article describes a case of chronic panuveitis as a result of ocular penetration by tarantula setae, and its challenging management that ultimately required pars plana vitrectomy. " 04/01/2012 - "A hairy affair: tarantula setae-induced panuveitis requiring pars plana vitrectomy." 08/01/2009 - "In January 2006 after severe recurrences of panuveitis a diagnostic vitrectomy was performed. "
2.	Immunomodulation 04/01/2011 - "She later developed a fulminant panuveitis that responded to immunomodulatory therapy. " 02/01/2002 - "To report our analysis of the efficacy of immunomodulatory therapy on the course of 19 patients with multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis (MCP). " 02/01/2002 - "Multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis: immunomodulatory therapy." 02/01/2002 - "Immunomodulatory therapy controls inflammation and preserves vision in patients with multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis." 03/01/2014 - "Infliximab and adalimumab can be considered as potential second-line immunomodulatory agents for the treatment of severe ocular inflammatory conditions including posterior uveitis, panuveitis, severe uveitis associated with seronegative spondyloarthropathy, and scleritis in patients requiring immunomodulation in patients who have failed or who are not candidates for antimetabolite or calcineurin inhibitor immunomodulation. "
3.	Injections 10/01/2008 - "All consecutive patients treated from April 1998 through September 2006 at an academic clinical practice with intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, or panuveitis requiring immunosuppressive therapy, periocular corticosteroid injections, or both. " 01/01/1992 - "Doses of 10(4) units gamma-interferon significantly reduced the severity of detachments, but injections of 10(6) units induced panuveitis." 10/01/2004 - "Three patients with acute severe exacerbations of noninfectious panuveitis and vitritis were treated with IVTA injections alone or as an adjunct to systemic immunosuppressive agents. "
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 02/01/2009 - "A 57-year-old immunocompetent woman was diagnosed with syphilitic bilateral panuveitis after the onset of dramatic bilateral visual loss with inflammation of the anterior segment of the eye, severe vitritis and chorioretinitis which improved after treatment. " 07/01/2000 - "Labial adenocarcinoma after treatment with cyclosporin a in a patient with panuveitis."
5.	Intravitreal Injections 08/01/2009 - "Panuveitis was induced in male New Zealand rabbits (2.5-3.0 kg) by intravitreal injection of Escherichia coli LPS. " 04/01/2005 - "Retrospective review of sixteen patients (20 eyes) with chronic cystoid macular edema (CME) as a consequence of controlled intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, or panuveitis who received at least one intravitreal injection of TA. " 01/01/1992 - "A toxicity study revealed that intravitreal injection of greater than 10(4) units gamma-interferon consistently produced panuveitis. "