1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (1 Methyl 4 phenylpyridinium)
An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.
Also Known As:
1 Methyl 4 phenylpyridinium; 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridine; 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium Chloride; 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium Ion; N-Methyl-4-phenylpyridine; N-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; 1 Methyl 4 phenylpyridine; 1 Methyl 4 phenylpyridinium Chloride; 1 Methyl 4 phenylpyridinium Ion; N Methyl 4 phenylpyridine; Cyperquat; Pyridinium, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-
Networked: 374
relevant articles (20 outcomes,
85 trials/studies)
Relationship Network
Bio-Agent Context: Research Results
Experts
1. | Soliman, Karam F A:
9 articles
(05/2021 - 01/2003)
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2. | Choi, Dong-Kug:
6 articles
(04/2022 - 01/2011)
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3. | Kim, In-Su:
4 articles
(04/2022 - 01/2013)
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4. | Aguilera, José:
4 articles
(01/2022 - 07/2009)
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5. | Montes, Sergio:
4 articles
(01/2022 - 04/2009)
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6. | Bähr, Mathias:
4 articles
(11/2012 - 07/2004)
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7. | Lingor, Paul:
4 articles
(11/2012 - 07/2004)
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8. | Mendieta, Liliana:
3 articles
(01/2022 - 01/2016)
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9. | Mazzio, Elizabeth:
3 articles
(05/2021 - 01/2003)
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10. | Hattori, Nobutaka:
3 articles
(02/2021 - 11/2019)
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Related Diseases
1. | Parkinson Disease (Parkinson's Disease)
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2. | Neuroblastoma
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3. | Pheochromocytoma
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4. | Parkinsonian Disorders (Parkinsonism)
05/01/2013
- " 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+) ), a potent parkinsonizing agent in primates and rodents, is a blocker of mitochondrial complex I, therefore MPP(+) -induced parkinsonism is believed to depend largely on mitochondrial impairment. " 01/09/2009
- " 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)) has been shown to selectively inhibit mitochondrial function and induce a parkinsonism-like syndrome. " 01/01/2005
- " Moreover, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a Parkinsonism-inducing agent, increased lyso-PTC formation via the stimulation of PTE methylation pathway. " 11/07/2003
- " The mechanisms whereby 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) mediates cell death and Parkinsonism are still unclear. " 05/01/1992
- " N-Methylated beta-carbolinium compounds (N-Me-BCs), including 2-N-methyl and 2,9-N,N-dimethyl analogs, structural analogs of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), may be endogenously bioactivated, MPP(+)-like toxins, capable of inducing parkinsonism. "
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5. | Mitochondrial Diseases (Mitochondrial Disease)
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Related Drugs and Biologics
Related Therapies and Procedures