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AIDS Dementia Complex

A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by impaired concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ATAXIA, incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with HIV-1 viral infection of the central nervous system. Pathologic examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction, perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; N Engl J Med, 1995 Apr 6;332(14):934-40)
Also Known As:
AIDS-Related Dementia Complex; Acquired-Immune Deficiency Syndrome Dementia Complex; Dementia Complex, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; Encephalopathy, AIDS; Encephalopathy, HIV; HIV-1 Cognitive and Motor Complex; AIDS Encephalopathies; AIDS Related Dementia Complex; Complex, AIDS Dementia; Complex, AIDS-Related Dementia; Dementia Complex, AIDS; Dementia Complex, AIDS Related; Dementia, HIV; Dementias, HIV; Encephalopathies, AIDS; Encephalopathies, HIV; HIV 1 Associated Cognitive Motor Complex; HIV 1 Cognitive and Motor Complex; HIV Associated Cognitive Motor Complex; HIV Dementias; HIV Encephalopathies; AIDS Encephalopathy; Dementia Complex, AIDS-Related; HIV Dementia; HIV Encephalopathy; HIV-1-Associated Cognitive Motor Complex; HIV-Associated Cognitive Motor Complex
Networked: 477 relevant articles (29 outcomes, 50 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
2. Dementia (Dementias)
3. Parkinson Disease (Parkinson's Disease)
4. Neurocognitive Disorders (Clerambault Syndrome)
5. Opportunistic Infections (Opportunistic Infection)

Experts

1. Nath, Avindra: 22 articles (12/2013 - 06/2003)
2. Brew, Bruce J: 12 articles (06/2010 - 01/2003)
3. Schifitto, Giovanni: 10 articles (01/2019 - 04/2002)
4. Price, Richard W: 10 articles (06/2010 - 10/2002)
5. Sacktor, Ned: 10 articles (02/2008 - 04/2002)
6. Nath, A: 8 articles (05/2008 - 06/2000)
7. Navia, Bradford A: 6 articles (01/2019 - 06/2003)
8. Chang, Linda: 6 articles (09/2011 - 06/2003)
9. Cinque, Paola: 6 articles (03/2011 - 05/2004)
10. Hagberg, Lars: 6 articles (06/2010 - 05/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to AIDS Dementia Complex:
1. Zidovudine (Retrovir)FDA LinkGeneric
2. Anti-Retroviral Agents (Antiretroviral Agents)IBA
3. abacavir (Ziagen)FDA Link
4. RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)IBA
5. Protons (Proton)IBA
6. N-acetylaspartate (N-acetyl aspartate)IBA
7. Didanosine (Videx)FDA LinkGeneric
8. N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors (NMDA Receptors)IBA
9. CreatineIBA
10. Methylphenidate (Ritalin)FDA LinkGeneric

Therapies and Procedures

1. Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART)
2. Therapeutics
3. Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
01/01/2019 - "Trained research clinicians determined the neurocognitive status by administration of the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) scale, and the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale. "
01/01/2012 - "The primary outcome measure was cognitive impairment based on performance on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, International HIV Dementia Scale and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. "
01/01/2019 - "Moderate- and low-certainty evidence from two studies in around 750 participants indicates there is probably a small clinical benefit for CF: 2.15 ADAS-Cog points (95% CI 1.05 to 3.25); there may be a small clinical benefit for BM: 0.47 NOSGER disturbing behaviour points (95% CI 0.07 to 0.87); there is probably no difference in CGR: 0.03 CIBIC+ points (95% CI -0.28 to 0.34); and there may be no difference in ADL: 0.11 NOSGER II self-care subscale points (95% CI -0.35 to 0.54) or in the numbers of people discontinuing treatment: RR 1.05 (95% CI 0.83 to 1.34).There is limited, mainly low- or very low-certainty efficacy evidence for other types of dementia (Parkinson's disease and dementia Lewy bodies (for which CGR may show a small clinical benefit; four studies in 319 people); frontotemporal dementia (two studies in 133 people); and AIDS-related Dementia Complex (one study in 140 people)).There is high-certainty evidence showing no difference between memantine and placebo in the proportion experiencing at least one adverse event: RR 1.03 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.06); the RR does not differ between aetiologies or severities of dementia. "
4. First Aid (Aids, First)
5. Art Therapy