Dry Eye Syndromes (Dry Eye Syndrome)

Corneal and conjunctival dryness due to deficient tear production, predominantly in menopausal and post-menopausal women. Filamentary keratitis or erosion of the conjunctival and corneal epithelium may be caused by these disorders. Sensation of the presence of a foreign body in the eye and burning of the eyes may occur.

Also Known As:

Networked: 359 relevant articles (54 outcomes, 62 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Blepharitis
2.	Graft vs Host Disease (Graft-Versus-Host Disease)
3.	Inflammation
4.	Glaucoma
5.	Conjunctivitis

Experts

1.	Baudouin, C: 6 articles (06/2012 - 05/2000)
2.	Yoon, Kyung-Chul: 5 articles (01/2012 - 04/2006)
3.	Baudouin, Christophe: 5 articles (11/2011 - 01/2002)
4.	Perry, Henry D: 5 articles (10/2010 - 05/2003)
5.	Mian, Shahzad I: 4 articles (07/2015 - 12/2009)
6.	Barabino, Stefano: 4 articles (05/2015 - 03/2003)
7.	Kim, Eun Chul: 4 articles (04/2015 - 02/2009)
8.	Rolando, Maurizio: 4 articles (03/2014 - 03/2003)
9.	Pescosolido, Nicola: 4 articles (03/2014 - 01/2008)
10.	Im, Seong-Kyu: 4 articles (01/2012 - 04/2006)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Dry Eye Syndromes:

1.	Ophthalmic Solutions (Eye Drops)IBA 03/01/2008 - "[The application of the autologous serum eye drops results in significant improvement of the conjunctival status in patients with the dry eye syndrome]." 07/01/2007 - "Umbilical cord serum eye drops were more effective in decreasing symptoms and keratoepitheliopathy in severe dry eye syndrome and increasing goblet cell density in Sjögren syndrome compared with autologous serum eye drops." 08/01/2015 - "A concise overview of advances in therapeutic efficacy of serum eye drops and their alternatives to treat dry eye syndrome: Verifying the narratives of clinical consistency beyond the periphery of international inconsistency on the methods of collection and application." 08/01/2014 - "Treatment with preservative-free eye drops is effective against the dry eye syndrome. " 03/01/2008 - "Serum eye drops can be effective in treating recalcitrant dry eye syndrome and should be available as a management option when other treatments have failed. "
2.	Cyclosporine (Ciclosporin)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2014 - "Cyclosporine A (CsA) is considered a potentially effective treatment for dry eye syndrome (DES), which is now one of the most common ocular problems whose exact mechanism is unknown. " 01/01/2005 - "Using 0.05% cyclosporine solution is effective in treating patients with dry eye syndrome but without systemic diseases. " 07/01/2015 - "A systematic review was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of topical 0.05% cyclosporine in treating patients with dry eye syndrome (DES). " 10/01/2010 - "A comparative clinical trial of the efficacy of two different aqueous solutions of cyclosporine for the treatment of moderate-to-severe dry eye syndrome." 02/01/2009 - "Topical cyclosporine, 0.05%, confers a value gain (comparative effectiveness) of 0.0319 QALY per year compared with topical lubricant therapy, a 4.3% improvement in quality of life for the average patient with moderate to severe dry eye syndrome that is unresponsive to conventional lubricant therapy. "
3.	Hyaluronic Acid (Hyaluronan)IBA 03/01/2014 - "The effect of an artificial tear combining hyaluronic acid and tamarind seeds polysaccharide in patients with moderate dry eye syndrome: a new treatment for dry eye." 10/01/1999 - "Double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, crossover, multicentre study to determine the efficacy of a 0.1% (w/v) sodium hyaluronate solution (Fermavisc) in the treatment of dry eye syndrome." 10/01/1999 - "Hyaluronan (sodium hyaluronate) has been shown to confer objective and subjective improvement in patients with dry eye syndrome. " 01/01/2014 - "We present the findings from four recently published studies conducted in Russia assessing Hylabak(®) (marketed as Hyabak(®) in Europe), a preservative-free hyaluronic acid preparation, for the treatment of dry eye syndrome. " 02/01/2010 - "5%) versus Lubristil (sodium hyaluronate 0.15%) in dry eye syndrome and to study the influence of these two treatments on the expression of various inflammatory markers by flow cytometry in impression cytology specimens. "
4.	hydroxypropylcellulose (hydroxypropyl cellulose)FDA Link 12/01/2010 - "To determine acceptability and efficacy of hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic inserts in patients with dry eye syndrome (DES) and additional comorbidities. " 12/01/2010 - "Efficacy of hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic inserts (LACRISERT) in subsets of patients with dry eye syndrome: findings from a patient registry." 05/01/2010 - "Improved signs, symptoms, and quality of life associated with dry eye syndrome: hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic insert patient registry." 12/01/2009 - "A multicenter, 2-visit, open-label, 4-week study was conducted to determine the acceptability of hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic inserts in adult patients with a history of dry eye syndrome (DES). " 07/01/2009 - "Extending the duration of tear film protection in dry eye syndrome: review and retrospective case series study of the hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic insert."
5.	TrehaloseIBA 11/01/2002 - "Trehalose solution was an effective and safe eyedrop for the treatment of moderate to severe dry eye syndrome in this group of patients." 05/01/2001 - "This study was designed to examine whether trehalose could protect corneal epithelial cells in culture from death by desiccation in order to test trehalose as a potential new eye drop for dry eye syndrome. " 01/01/2011 - "These unique properties of trehalose have thus prompted its investigation as a component in treatment for dry eye syndrome. " 05/01/2001 - "Trehalose could be used as a potential new eye drop for dry eye syndrome." 07/01/2004 - "Trehalose eyedrops were found by a previous study to be safe and effective compared with saline in the treatment of moderate-to-severe dry eye syndrome. "
6.	carbomerIBA 01/01/2010 - "A 4-week, prospective, randomized, parallel-group, comparative, noninferiority study was conducted at the Taipei Medical University Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan) in patients with dry eye syndrome who were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups: the carbomer-based lipid-containing (CBLC) gel group and the HP-guar gel group. " 09/01/1997 - "Carbomer gel was more efficacious than was placebo in improving a number of subjective and objective symptoms of moderate-to-severe dry eye syndrome. " 09/01/1997 - "Efficacy and safety of 0.3% carbomer gel compared to placebo in patients with moderate-to-severe dry eye syndrome." 01/01/1991 - "The appearance on the French market of a carbomer tear substitute, Gel-Larmes, an original galenic form, constitutes a real therapeutic progress in the treatment of dry eye syndrome. " 07/01/2011 - "Results.  Carbomer drop was effective in prophylaxis of dry eye syndrome in only three of 18 patients, whereas polyethylene cover showed greater effect in 18 of 18 eyes at the end of the study (SD 0·3835, Z = -3·873, p < 0·001). "
7.	Unsaturated Fatty Acids (Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids)IBA 10/01/2014 - "Efficacy of polyunsaturated fatty acids for dry eye syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials." 07/01/2012 - "Systemic polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were shown to improve the symptoms of dry eye syndrome due to their anti-inflammatory effects. "
8.	CF101IBA 07/01/2010 - "CF101, given orally, induced a statistically significant improvement in the corneal staining and an improvement in the BUT and TM in patients with moderate to severe dry eye syndrome. " 06/01/2013 - "CF101, an orally bioavailable A3AR agonist, has been analyzed in dry eye syndrome phase II clinical trials and was identified to be safe and well tolerated. " 07/01/2010 - "These data and the anti-inflammatory characteristic of CF101 support further study of the drug as a potential treatment for the signs and symptoms of dry eye syndrome. " 07/01/2010 - "Treatment of dry eye syndrome with orally administered CF101: data from a phase 2 clinical trial." 03/01/2012 - "CF101 demonstrated a marked anti-inflammatory effect in Phase 2 studies conducted in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and dry eye syndrome. "
9.	Benzalkonium Compounds (Benzalkonium Chloride)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2014 - "The current study was set out to address the therapeutic efficacy of topically applied mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on dry eye syndrome (DES) induced by benzalkonium chloride (BAC) in rats. " 05/01/2008 - "These findings demonstrated that an ophthalmic preservative, benzalkonium chloride, induced a dry eye syndrome in rabbits with damage to the cornea and conjunctiva, decreased aqueous tear basal secretion, goblet cell loss, and MUC5AC deficiency. " 12/01/2011 - "Subjects with dry eye syndrome undergoing treatment with benzalkonium chloride-containing lubricant eye drops were randomized to Carnidrop (n = 9), Optive (n = 9), or Blu Sal (n = 9). " 09/01/1992 - "Of the various preservatives used with the various brands of steroids it was observed that benzalkonium chloride is most commonly associated with dry eye syndrome. " 05/01/2014 - "Comparison of prednisolone acetate and loteprednol etabonate for the treatment of benzalkonium chloride-induced dry eye syndrome in rats."
10.	Essential Fatty AcidsIBA 07/01/2011 - "The use of essential fatty acids as a nutritional supplement is a novel treatment for patients with dry eye syndrome." 07/01/2014 - "Further multicenter randomized controlled trials are required in order to establish a standardized protocol for the treatment of dry eye syndrome with those essential fatty acids. " 01/01/2014 - "Omega-3 essential fatty acids therapy for dry eye syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies." 07/01/2014 - "Essential fatty acids in the treatment of dry eye syndrome: A myth or reality?" 04/01/2010 - "Searches included keywords such as 'dry eye', 'essential fatty acids' and 'nutrition' to find articles relating to the treatment of dry eye syndrome (DES) with omega-3 EFAs. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transplants (Transplant) 01/01/2004 - "Surgical treatment of dry eye syndrome: conjunctival graft of the minor salivary gland." 04/01/1983 - "Keratinization of the conjunctiva and cornea is associated with graft-v-host disease (GVHD) and may be either a primary manifestation of GVHD or be secondary to the "dry eye" syndrome that develops in patients with GVHD. " 06/01/2006 - "Corneal grafts or limbal stem cell transplantation are often unsuccessful in patients with severe ocular surface disorders such as severe dry eye syndrome, symblepharon or diffuse vascularisation. " 06/01/1981 - "Patients who have received marrow transplants and total body irradiation with different forms of chemotherapy should be routinely watched by an ophthalmology service because of the high incidence of dry eye syndrome, viral keratitis, and trophic disturbances of the cornea. " 10/01/2007 - "CNIs can be highly effective in immune-mediated ophthalmic diseases such as uveitis, dry eye syndrome and inflammatory blepharitis, as well as for the prevention of rejection in corneal transplants. "
2.	Activities of Daily Living (ADL) 10/01/2010 - "Patient-reported improvements in the symptoms of dry eye syndrome and activities of daily living were significant predictors of physician assessment of compliance with insert therapy, improvement in symptoms and clinical signs, effectiveness of therapy, and acceptance of use as adjunctive therapy. " 01/01/2011 - "Dry eye syndrome is a prevalent disease that affects visual acuity, activities of daily living, and quality of life. " 05/01/2010 - "To evaluate the acceptability, ease of use, and efficacy of hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic inserts in reducing signs and symptoms of moderate-to-severe dry eye syndrome (DES), and improving quality of life (QoL) and activities of daily living (ADL). " 10/01/2010 - "To determine whether patient-reported improvement in symptoms of dry eye syndrome, activities of daily living, and other quality-of-life measures after treatment with hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic inserts correlates significantly with physician assessment of clinical outcomes. "
3.	Contact Lenses 01/01/2015 - "The study demonstrates the promising potential of delivering HA through contact lenses for the treatment of dry eye syndrome." 01/01/2011 - "The purpose of this report is to review the uses of HA in the anterior segment of the eye, more specifically, its use in the treatment of dry eye syndrome, and in contact lenses and contact lens care systems." 05/01/2006 - "Examples of examined interferograms recorded in patients with healthy eyes, patients suffering from dry-eye syndrome, and patients wearing contact lenses are given. " 09/01/1997 - "Two of the eyes had dry eye syndrome, two wore contact lenses and had dry eye syndrome, and eight were normal. " 12/01/2003 - "We present a 39-year-old woman with high hyperopia who developed an intolerance to contact lenses due to dry-eye syndrome and Grave's disease. "
4.	Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) 01/01/2014 - "The specific aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of dry eye syndrome (DES) and use of post-operative dry eye medications in a relatively young population presenting for LASIK surgery at an academic ophthalmology clinic. " 09/01/2015 - "Three male patients, aged 30 to 48 years, referred in 2012 for dry eye syndrome refractory to treatment within 1 year of LASIK or LASIK enhancement are reported. " 07/01/2015 - "Additionally, the incidence of postoperative dry eye syndrome was found to be less problematic in SMILE than in FS-LASIK. " 09/01/2014 - "Dry eye syndrome is one of the most frequently seen complications after LASIK, with most patients developing at least some mild dry eye symptoms postoperatively. " 01/01/2014 - "Clinical evaluation for DES and the results of Schirmer's reflex tear flow test were used to assign LASIK patients into Normal, Pre-dry eye (Pre-DES), and Dry Eye Syndrome (DES) groups; which were then compared for use of dry eye medications.Based"
5.	Lasers (Laser) 11/01/2010 - "To study the morphology and the density of conjunctival goblet cells (GC) in patients with Sjögren's syndrome dry eye with in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), and to explore its correlation with the GC density detected by impression cytology. " 12/01/2009 - "Dry-eye syndrome after myopic LASIK with a femtosecond laser was mild and improved after 3 months. " 01/01/2013 - "We identified four eligible RCTs in which AS was compared with artificial tear treatment or saline in individuals (n = 72 participants)with dry eye of various etiologies (Sjögren’s syndrome-related dry eye, non-Sjögren’s syndrome dry eye and postoperative dry eye induced by laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)). " 01/01/2013 - "The aim of this meta-analysis is to investigate the possible effect of hinge location on corneal sensation and dry eye syndrome after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). " 08/01/2008 - "Dry eye syndrome, often referred to as dysfunctional tear syndrome, can occur following laser vision correction surgery and routine blepharoplasty. "