Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate

A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Due to its activation of this enzyme, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate profoundly affects many different biological systems.

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Networked: 126 relevant articles (5 outcomes, 10 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Suzuki, Tsutomu: 3 articles (03/2008 - 07/2004)
2.	Narita, Minoru: 3 articles (03/2008 - 07/2004)
3.	Huang, Xiaohui: 2 articles (01/2013 - 06/2009)
4.	Zhang, Lubo: 2 articles (01/2013 - 06/2009)
5.	Xiao, Daliao: 2 articles (01/2013 - 06/2009)
6.	Guha, Sushovan: 2 articles (01/2010 - 03/2002)
7.	Rozengurt, Enrique: 2 articles (01/2010 - 03/2002)
8.	Rey, Osvaldo: 2 articles (01/2010 - 03/2002)
9.	Kubota, Chiharu: 2 articles (12/2004 - 07/2004)
10.	Yamazaki, Mitsuaki: 2 articles (12/2004 - 07/2004)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 05/15/2007 - "Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu, 100 nM), which enhanced activities of PKC-alpha, increased cancer cell proliferation and attenuated VIN (1 microM)-induced cytotoxicity. " 01/01/1991 - "Long-term (3 months) treatment of IE7 cells with 500 ng/ml phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB) resulted in a 4-fold reduction in total PKC activity and increase in the tumor cell metastatic ability. " 11/15/1989 - "It was found that the maximal binding capacity of [20-3H]phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate of the tumor promoter-dependent cells is lower than that of the independent cells with similar affinities of the two cell lines. " 09/01/1988 - "Phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) is a tumor promoter that activates a variety of cellular responses, including proliferation. " 09/01/1988 - "Use of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate as a mitogen in the cytogenetic analysis of tumors with low mitotic indexes."
2.	Ischemia 01/01/1992 - "One month after ischemia, [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding showed significant reduction only in the striatum and the hippocampal CA1 sector where severe neuronal damage was seen morphologically. " 08/28/1989 - "Binding of [3H]inositoltrisphosphate and [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate in rat hippocampus following transient global ischemia: a quantitative autoradiographic study." 01/01/1992 - "A significant elevation in the number of [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding sites was still seen in the dentate molecular layer one month after ischemia. " 01/01/1992 - "Interestingly, dentate molecular layer which was resistant to ischemia showed a significant elevation in the number of [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding sites. " 01/01/1992 - "[3H]Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding in selectively vulnerable areas showed no significant change 1-24 h after ischemia except for a transient decline in a few regions. "
3.	Lymphoma (Lymphomas) 04/01/1995 - "Focusing on high-quality analyzable metaphases, the best results were found in seven of 13 cases with lymphomas and five of six patients with ALL in the cultures supplemented with phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate. "
4.	Leukemia 09/01/1983 - "The influence of cellular lipid composition on the specific binding of [20-3H]phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate to intact human promyelocytic leukemia cells was investigated. " 02/18/1992 - "PKC was isolated and purified from human leukemia ML-1 cells, and the enzyme activity was shown to be activated by the tumor promoters 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu). " 03/01/1981 - "Binding of [20-3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate ([3H]PDB) to intact human promyelocytic leukemia cells susceptible (HL-60) or resistant (R-35) to phorbol ester-induced differentiation was characterized. " 03/01/1981 - "Down regulation of specific binding of [20-3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate and phorbol ester-induced differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells." 02/01/1984 - "This study was designed to characterize the receptors for phorbol diesters on leukemia cells freshly isolated from patients with different kinds of leukemia and to determine if differences in binding characteristics for tritium-labeled phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (3H-PDBu) accounted for the different cellular responses elicited in vitro by phorbol diesters. "
5.	Neuroblastoma 01/01/1988 - "The binding characteristics of [3H]phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate ([3H]PDBu) in mouse neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells were studied. " 09/01/1983 - "The mouse skin tumor promoter phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBU) reversibly enhanced neurite outgrowth in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, whether serum was present or absent. " 01/01/1988 - "Regulation of [3H]phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate binding sites in mouse neuroblastoma cells: simultaneous down-regulation by phorbol esters and desensitization of their inhibition of muscarinic receptor function." 01/01/1995 - "Whereas PF(peak) starts to rise at -50 mV and reaches a maximum at +40 to +50 mV, PF(ss) only begins to rise appreciably at around 0 mV and is still increasing at +100 mV. This differs from observations on vertebrate excitable tissues where the persistent Na+ current tums on in the threshold region and saturates at around 0 mV. Schmitt and Meves (Pflugers Arch (1993) 425, 134-139) recorded M current, a non-inactivating K+ current, from NGI08-15 neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells, voltage-clamped in the whole-cell mode, and studied the effects of phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB), an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), and arachidonic acid (AA). " 04/02/2004 - "In this study, we observed that: (a) Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu)-stimulated APP secretion in cultured SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma and fibroblast cells was blocked by EGTA and calpain inhibitors in a concentration-dependent manner, but not by other protease inhibitors. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	phorbol
2.	Forskolin
3.	Inositol (Myoinositol)
4.	Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
5.	Cyclic AMP (AMP, Cyclic)
6.	Protein Kinase C
7.	Phorbol Esters
8.	Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)
9.	Morphine (MS Contin)
10.	Calcium

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Immunotherapy