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Diffuse Esophageal Spasm (Esophageal Spasm)

Subscribe to New Research on Diffuse Esophageal Spasm

A hypermotility disorder of the ESOPHAGUS that is characterized by spastic non-peristaltic responses to SWALLOWING; CHEST PAIN; and DYSPHAGIA.

Also Known As:

Esophageal Spasm; Esophageal Spasm, Diffuse; Diffuse Esophageal Spasms; Esophageal Spasms; Esophageal Spasms, Diffuse; Spasm, Diffuse Esophageal; Spasms, Diffuse Esophageal; Spasms, Esophageal; Spasm, Esophageal

Networked: 88 relevant articles (8 outcomes, 10 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Digestive System Diseases: 46
- Gastrointestinal Diseases: 1735
  - Esophageal Diseases: 177
    - Deglutition Disorders: 4413
      - Esophageal Motility Disorders: 204
        Diffuse Esophageal Spasm: 88

Related Diseases

1.	Diffuse Esophageal Spasm (Esophageal Spasm)
2.	Esophageal Achalasia (Megaesophagus)
3.	Spasm (Spasms)
4.	Deglutition Disorders (Dysphagia)
5.	Pain (Aches)

Experts

1.	Brodsky, Robert A: 4 articles (06/2011 - 01/2006)
2.	Storr, M: 4 articles (09/2010 - 12/2001)
3.	Levine, Marc S: 4 articles (09/2008 - 08/2004)
4.	Laufer, Igor: 3 articles (01/2008 - 08/2004)
5.	Roman, Sabine: 2 articles (02/2013 - 01/2013)
6.	Mion, François: 2 articles (02/2013 - 01/2013)
7.	Duranceau, Andre: 2 articles (03/2008 - 02/2008)
8.	Rubesin, Stephen E: 2 articles (01/2008 - 12/2007)
9.	Weigert, N: 2 articles (12/2001 - 12/2001)
10.	Classen, M: 2 articles (12/2001 - 12/2001)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Diffuse Esophageal Spasm:

1.	Nitroglycerin (Dynamite)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1988 - "In the second patient, severe esophageal spasm delayed therapy until IV nitroglycerin relieved the functional obstruction. " 02/01/1981 - "Five of eight patients with diffuse esophageal spasm had relief of symptoms with nitroglycerin. " 07/05/1973 - "Clinical and manometric effects of nitroglycerin in diffuse esophageal spasm." 09/01/1990 - "Cervical root compression pain and esophageal spasm are the greatest mimics of angina since they can both be relieved by nitroglycerin but they have several features which help to rule out angina." 11/01/1995 - "Five patients (one male and four female; age, 18-48 years) with symptomatic esophageal spasm were give glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) intravenously in gradually increasing doses or L-arginine on two separate occasions and underwent manometric measurements of esophageal motility after wet swallows, using a multilumen perfused catheter system (Synetics Medical, Stockholm, Sweden). "
2.	Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum Toxin)IBA 08/01/2012 - "Here, we report a case of diffuse esophageal spasm diagnosed with high-resolution manometry and treated by endoscopic injection of botulinum toxin with good results at the 7-month follow-up." 12/01/2001 - "The aim of this study was to investigate whether botulinum toxin (BTX) injection is an effective short- and long-term treatment for patients with symptoms caused by diffuse esophageal spasm. " 08/01/2012 - "Nevertheless, few reports have described the effects of endoscopic injection of botulinum toxin in patients with symptomatic diffuse esophageal spasm with clear endoscopic and high-resolution manometry images. " 08/01/2012 - "Symptomatic improvement of diffuse esophageal spasm after botulinum toxin injection." 09/01/2010 - "This article summarizes the present knowledge on the treatment of diffuse esophageal spasm with a special emphasis on botulinum toxin injection. "
3.	NitritesIBA 10/01/1981 - "Nitrites in the treatment of diffuse esophageal spasm." 01/01/1977 - "The effect of nitroglycerine and long acting nitrites was studied in a group of 8 normal control subjects and 12 patients with esophageal spasm. " 01/01/1977 - "Esophageal spasm: clinical and manometric response to nitroglycerine and long acting nitrites." 01/01/1977 - "If there is esophageal spasm associated with reflux esophagitis, nitrites may be beneficial as an adjunct to antireflux therapy." 01/01/1977 - "The study suggests that if esophageal spasm is associated with reflux, the use of nitrites is less effective in controlling spasm than it is in those who do not show this association, and that diffuse esophageal spasm can be effectively managed with long acting nitrites on a long term basis in the absence of reflux. "
4.	Glucagon (Glukagon)FDA Link 03/01/1995 - "This report presents the first case in which glucagon administration enabled the removal of an impacted orogastric tube in a patient with distal esophageal spasm. " 05/01/1986 - "Possible mechanisms of esophageal spasm and its relief with glucagon are discussed." 05/01/1986 - "A case of propranolol overdose complicated by esophageal spasm preventing extrication of an orogastric lavage tube and relieved by intravenous glucagon is presented. " 05/01/1986 - "Esophageal spasm following propranolol overdose relieved by glucagon."
5.	Trazodone (Trittico)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2011 - "Trazodone improved symptoms in patients with esophageal contraction abnormalities, while administration of SSRIs lowered chemical and mechanical sensitivity and benefited patients with diffuse esophageal spasm. "
6.	Propranolol (Inderal)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1986 - "A case of propranolol overdose complicated by esophageal spasm preventing extrication of an orogastric lavage tube and relieved by intravenous glucagon is presented. " 05/01/1986 - "Esophageal spasm following propranolol overdose relieved by glucagon."
7.	Omeprazole (Esomeprazole)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1994 - "One patient had coronary artery disease, one had diffuse esophageal spasm, and two had a negative work-up and no improvement with omeprazole. "
8.	onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox)FDA Link 04/01/2002 - "Case reports have shown good results with Botox administration in treatment of diffuse esophageal spasm, anismus, oropharyngeal dysphagia, anterior rectocele, and secondary achalasia. "
9.	BariumIBA 09/01/2008 - "CT revealed marked esophageal wall thickening in seven (21%) of 33 patients who had findings of diffuse esophageal spasm on barium studies. " 09/01/2008 - "The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and appearance of esophageal wall thickening on CT scans in a series of patients with findings of diffuse esophageal spasm on barium studies. " 08/01/2004 - "Barium and manometric studies may have complementary roles in the evaluation of patients with diffuse esophageal spasm." 08/01/2004 - "Our preliminary data show that diffuse esophageal spasm is characterized on barium studies by frequent lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction rather than a classic corkscrew appearance. " 08/01/2004 - "In reviewing records in the radiology database at our hospital, we identified 14 patients with diffuse esophageal spasm confirmed on barium studies who also underwent esophageal manometry. "
10.	Nifedipine (Adalat)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1996 - "A 24-year-old white woman with a history of esophageal spasms and Raynaud's phenomenon was prescribed nifedipine 10 mg po qid. " 01/01/1990 - "The initial radiologic aspect was favourably influenced by nifedipine administration in 12 cases confirmed as esophageal spasm. " 01/01/1990 - "The effect of nifedipine (10-20 mg) on esophageal motility was tested in 18 patients with clinical esophageal syndrome and radiologic aspect suggesting esophageal spasm. " 07/01/1986 - "Nifedipine therapy for diffuse esophageal spasm." 11/01/1977 - "In 3 patients with diffuse esophageal spasm nifedipine (20 mg) caused a mean decrease of 38% of the contraction amplitude. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 09/01/2010 - "This review summarizes the treatment of diffuse esophageal spasm, including pharmacotherapy, endoscopic treatment, and surgical treatment with a special focus on botulinum toxin injection. " 12/01/1983 - "This study suggests that verapamil may have potential as a drug therapy in treating the clinical symptoms of achalasia and diffuse esophageal spasm."
2.	Laryngectomy 01/01/2010 - "The study suggests that the tree-layer non-muscular pharyngeal closure with inferior pharyngeal constrictor unsutured is the preferable method to prevent pharyngo-esophageal spasm after total laryngectomy. "
3.	Fundoplication 03/01/2008 - "When treating achalasia or diffuse esophageal spasm by esophageal myotomy and an antireflux operation, a total fundoplication adds too much resistance to allow esophageal emptying and is considered as inappropriate. " 02/15/2008 - "When treating achalasia or diffuse esophageal spasm by esophageal myotomy and an antireflux operation, a total fundoplication is not appropriate, whereas a partial fundoplication provides proper antireflux effect without significant esophageal emptying difficulty." 11/01/1996 - "Of the remaining 39 (74%), 25 had an isolated HLES with normal esophageal body motility, 5 had a nonspecific esophageal motility disorders (NEMD), 4 were post-Nissen fundoplication, 3 had a nutcracker esophagus, and 2 had diffuse esophageal spasm (DES). " 01/01/1987 - "Extended esophageal myotomy and short total fundoplication hernia repair in diffuse esophageal spasm: five-year review in 34 patients." 12/01/2007 - "Esophageal dysmotility was found in nine (7%) of 138 patients after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication, including secondary achalasia in three (33%), diffuse esophageal spasm (DES) in two (22%), and a nonspecific esophageal motility disorder in four (44%). "
4.	Thoracotomy 03/01/2008 - "Between 1978 and 1998, a total of 64 consecutive patients with achalasia or diffuse esophageal spasm underwent esophagomyotomy and an antireflux operation via a left thoracotomy approach. " 02/15/2008 - "From January 1978 to October 1998, 64 patients with achalasia or diffuse esophageal spasm underwent esophagomyotomy and antireflux operation via left thoracotomy. "
5.	Injections 12/01/2001 - "Treatment of symptomatic diffuse esophageal spasm by endoscopic injections of botulinum toxin: a prospective study with long-term follow-up." 04/01/2008 - "Patients with achalasia, diffuse esophageal spasm, gastroparesis, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, and anal fissures have all been treated with botulinum toxin injections, often with impressive results. "