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Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (Wolf-Parkinson-White Syndrome)

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A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized by a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave. In this syndrome, atrial impulses are abnormally conducted to the HEART VENTRICLES via an ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAY that is located between the wall of the right or left atria and the ventricles, also known as a BUNDLE OF KENT. The inherited form can be caused by mutation of PRKAG2 gene encoding a gamma-2 regulatory subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase.

Also Known As:

Wolf-Parkinson-White Syndrome; Syndrome, Wolff-Parkinson-White; Anomalous Ventricular Excitation Syndrome; Auriculoventricular Accessory Pathway Syndrome; False Bundle-Branch Block Syndrome; Syndrome, WPW; Syndrome, Wolf-Parkinson-White; Wolf Parkinson White Syndrome; Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome; WPW Syndrome

Networked: 677 relevant articles (47 outcomes, 51 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Atrial Fibrillation
2.	Tachycardia (Tachyarrhythmias)
3.	Supraventricular Tachycardia
4.	Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia (AV Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia)
5.	Atrial Flutter (Flutter, Atrial)

Experts

1.	McKenna, William J: 3 articles (03/2012 - 02/2002)
2.	Arad, Michael: 3 articles (10/2007 - 02/2002)
3.	Brembilla-Perrot, B: 3 articles (08/2006 - 01/2006)
4.	Carling, David: 3 articles (05/2006 - 12/2002)
5.	Brembilla-Perrot, Béatrice: 2 articles (11/2013 - 09/2003)
6.	Hirata, Yasunobu: 2 articles (01/2013 - 01/2010)
7.	Choi, Eue-Keun: 2 articles (11/2011 - 11/2007)
8.	Oh, Seil: 2 articles (11/2011 - 11/2007)
9.	Siwińska, Aldona: 2 articles (01/2011 - 01/2007)
10.	Bobkowski, Waldemar: 2 articles (01/2011 - 01/2007)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome:

1.	Amiodarone (Amiodarona)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1985 - "Study of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome by transesophageal pacing and assessment of long-term amiodarone therapy." 08/01/1984 - "Thus, the safety of amiodarone in the WPW syndrome should be established by electrophysiologic studies and induction of AF, because amiodarone is not protective in all patients with WPW." 11/15/1985 - "Effects of oral amiodarone on rate-dependent changes in refractoriness in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome." 08/01/1984 - "The effect of oral amiodarone was studied in 12 patients with WPW syndrome and life-threatening rapid ventricular response via an AP during spontaneous AF. " 01/01/1984 - "Intravenous amiodarone is ineffective in most other arrhythmias; it does not lengthen repolarization, nor does it prolong the effective refractory period of atria, ventricle, His-Purkinje system or the accessory pathways of the heart in the WPW syndrome. "
2.	Adenosine FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/1992 - "Adenosine has proven very useful in the noninvasive diagnosis of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and in the localization of the ventricular insertion of the accessory pathway. " 02/01/1994 - "The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of adenosine for prediction of success of catheter ablation in WPW syndrome in 31 patients (23 with preexcitation; 8 with concealed conduction) before and 30 min, 5-7 days, and 3-6 months after attempted radiofrequency catheter ablation. " 11/12/2015 - "We aimed to determine the correlation between noninvasive testing (exercise stress testing [EST] and adenosine responsiveness of accessory pathway [AP] ) and invasive electrophysiology study (EPS) for assessment antegrade conduction of the AP in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. " 06/01/1992 - "Adenosine may be a new trial for the termination of SVT, and also is a safe drug even in the presence of WPW syndrome." 11/12/2015 - "Utility of Exercise Testing and Adenosine Response for Risk Assessment in Children with Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome."
3.	Flecainide (Tambocor)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2010 - "Safety and efficacy of flecainide in the treatment of symptomatic children with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome." 05/01/1989 - "Only larger studies will indicate if a relationship exists between the blockade of abnormal pathways and the preventive effect of flecainide on arrhythmias of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. " 08/20/1992 - "Effects of flecainide on atrial electrophysiology in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome." 08/20/1992 - "The effects of flecainide on electrophysiologic parameters and arrhythmias in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome were reviewed. " 08/20/1992 - "Flecainide in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome."
4.	Sotalol (Sotalol Hydrochloride)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/1992 - "On the basis of our results, we may conclude that sotalol has a potent effect on the antegrade refractoriness of the anomalous pathway and, in WPW syndrome at risk, is also effective in patients who don't respond to I C class drugs." 11/01/1993 - "However, studies comparing d,l-sotalol to pure beta blockers in different 'models', especially postsurgical arrhythmias and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, have suggested that the observed clinical benefit may be related to d,l-sotalol's class III properties. " 06/01/1992 - "[Sotalol in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: an electrophysiological and clinical study]." 06/01/1982 - "The electrophysiological effects of intravenous sotalol hydrochloride (0.4 mg/kg) were assessed in 24 patients, including 13 with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, undergoing routine electrophysiological study. " 06/01/1992 - "The electrophysiologic and clinical effects of sotalol were studied in 40 patients (31 male and 9 female, mean age 32 +/- 14 years) with Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW). "
5.	Propafenone (Rythmol)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/1990 - "We present our experience on the efficacy of propafenone in ten symptomatic patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. " 06/01/1987 - "Efficacy of propafenone in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: electrophysiologic findings and long-term follow-up." 04/01/2009 - "In this study we present, a case of a 2-year-old boy that was diagnosed with Wolff-Parkinson White syndrome and treated with a magistral suspension of propafenone. " 07/01/1990 - "We describe a case of dangerous acceleration of conduction through an accessory pathway produced by the Class IC agent propafenone during routine electrophysiological study of a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. " 07/01/1993 - "To evaluate the electrophysiological effects of intravenous propafenone in the anterograde and retrograde effective refractory period of the accessory pathways (AP), in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. "
6.	Verapamil (Calan)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/1996 - "The antiarrhythmic effect of verapamil on atrioventricular re-entry in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: a computer model study." 09/05/1988 - "[Effect of verapamil on electrophysiologic characteristics of the accessory pathway in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]." 07/01/1984 - "Blocking effect of verapamil on conduction over a catecholamine-sensitive bypass tract in exercise-induced Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome." 12/01/1982 - "The effects of intravenous verapamil on the electrophysiologic properties of the accessory pathway in 12 patients with symptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome were studied using intracardiac electrical recordings. " 12/01/1982 - "Effects of verapamil on the electrophysiologic properties of the accessory pathway in patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome."
7.	Ajmaline (Wolfina)FDA Link 06/01/1980 - "We conclude that ajmaline is specifically effective and safe in the treatment of the WPW syndrome." 01/01/1989 - "In a patient with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, the existence of dual accessory pathways, both right-sided, was suspected during ajmaline test and confirmed during electrophysiologic study. " 04/01/1986 - "Comparison of exercise and ajmaline tests with electrophysiologic study in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome." 06/01/1980 - "Ajmaline in WPW syndrome: an electrophysiologic study." 02/01/2013 - "Since electrocardiography showed a delta-wave, Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome was diagnosed, ajmaline prescribed and radio-frequency catheter ablation of three accessory pathways carried out one week later. "
8.	Anti-Arrhythmia AgentsIBA 07/01/2007 - "The development of safe and effective percutaneous techniques for the cure of symptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome quickly led to near-elimination of the use of cardiac surgery and antiarrhythmic drugs to treat this proarrhythmic condition, and is justly regarded as a triumph of innovation by both electrophysiologists and biomedical engineers. " 01/01/1989 - "At present, the therapy of arrhythmias related to the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is no longer a question of either antiarrhythmic drugs or surgery. " 09/01/1987 - "Antiarrhythmic drugs appear preferentially to prolong refractoriness of accessory pathways compared with atrial or ventricular muscle in patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. " 12/01/1983 - "Therefore, we recommend its use for the control and prevention of sustained arrhythmias in pediatric patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome when the traditional antiarrhythmic drugs fail." 03/01/1990 - "All patients have remained free of atrioventricular node reentry tachycardia (and of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome) and none has required postoperative antiarrhythmic drugs for either of these arrhythmias. "
9.	EncainideIBA 12/20/1988 - "Encainide is an effective and well-tolerated drug to prevent recurrence of AVRT in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome." 08/01/1984 - "In patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, after intravenous encainide, anterograde conduction over the AP was blocked in 3 patients, and the anterograde effective refractory period (ERP) of the AP was markedly increased in 3. Five of these 6 patients had a control value of the anterograde AP ERP of less than 270 ms. Anterograde AP block was maintained in 2 patients after oral encainide therapy. " 02/01/1984 - "Clinical efficacy and electrophysiologic effects of encainide in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome." 03/01/1987 - "The electrophysiologic effects of encainide were studied in 10 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome after intravenous (1 mg kg-1 in 60 minutes) and oral administration of two dose regimens (75 and 150 mg daily). " 12/20/1988 - "Encainide is an effective and safe agent for treating atrial fibrillation in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome."
10.	Procainamide (Procan)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1992 - "To examine this phenomenon, an infusion of procainamide producing five incremental blood levels over 75 min was administered to 15 patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. " 03/01/1991 - "Normalization of reverse redistribution of thallium-201 with procainamide pretreatment in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome." 01/15/1990 - "Value of a revised procainamide test in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome." 11/01/1982 - "Use of procainamide in patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome to disclose a short refractory period of the accessory pathway." 05/01/1958 - "[Novocamid therapy in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Catheters 11/21/2006 - "The aim of this study was to determine whether noninvasive imaging of cardiac electrophysiology (NICE) is feasible in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome in the clinical setting of a catheter laboratory and to test the accuracy of the noninvasively obtained ventricular activation sequences as compared with that of standard invasive electroanatomic mapping. " 04/01/1997 - "To examine the contribution of the standard electrophysiological study versus an abbreviated, single catheter approach in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and an overt delta wave electrocardiographically. " 03/01/1994 - "An electrophysiology study is an integral part of the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, and with the advent of catheter ablative techniques, WPW syndrome is now considered a curable disease. " 05/01/1987 - "In this study, 12-lead electrocardiograms recorded during sinus rhythm from 66 patients with WPW syndrome were analyzed for delta-wave polarity, QRS axis in the frontal plane, the pattern of precordial R-wave transition, and concordance between electrocardiographic patterns and the site of the accessory pathway determined using catheter and intraoperative computer mapping. " 02/01/1983 - "At electrophysiologic study in a patient with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, intracardiac catheter recordings demonstrated a deflection that occurred 30 ms before ventricular activation. "
2.	Electric Countershock (Cardioversion) 06/01/2012 - "Direct current cardioversion is urgently recommended for patients with AF when hemodynamic instability is present even in patients with AF and pre-excitation in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. " 03/01/2011 - "Evidence of ventricular pre-excitation was recognized after cardioversion to normal sinus rhythm and the horse was diagnosed with Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome. " 02/01/2011 - "This article describes the aetiology of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and discusses the benefits and disadvantages of some of the available cardioversion medications with which it can be treated." 10/01/2014 - "In the present case, cardioversion using adhesive electrode pads briefly terminated PSVT in a patient with concealed WPW syndrome." 03/01/1998 - "The occurrence of atrial fibrillation during an electrophysiologic study in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a common problem and it is time-consuming to terminate it either with the use of drugs or by electrical cardioversion. "
3.	Electrodes (Electrode) 11/01/1986 - "To overcome this limitation, a computerized mapping system that records from 60 epicardial electrodes simultaneously was used to study 16 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. " 08/01/1992 - "[Multi-electrode mapping from thoracic surface in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]." 01/01/1992 - "An electrode in the atrium controlled the heart rate and a subsequent stimulation was delivered by electrodes placed at different sites on the ventricles, delayed to cause the characteristic delta wave of the WPW syndrome. " 03/01/1991 - "Body surface potential mapping (BSPM) using 180 electrodes in various-sized vests and displayed as a calibrated color map was used to determine the ventricular insertion site of the accessory atrioventricular (AV) connections in 34 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. " 08/01/1988 - "In 10 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome, three form-fitted, flexible templates containing a total of 156 bipolar electrodes were fixed to the epicardial surface of both atria. "
4.	Coronary Artery Bypass (Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery) 12/01/2000 - "We experienced the anesthetic management of a minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) in a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. " 07/15/2009 - "After excluding patients with anterior wall Q-wave MI (defined as the presence of a QS complex or Q-wave > or =1 mm deep in V(2) or V(3)), sudden unexpected death, MI after percutaneous coronary interventions or coronary artery bypass grafting during this hospitalization, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, pacemakers, bundle branch blocks, and electrocardiograms that were of poor quality or affected by severe motion artifact, inconsistencies with patient identification, or errors in lead placement, 137 patients remained. " 03/01/2008 - "Other procedures were also carried out if appropriate, including bidirectional Glenn shunt in 1 patient with double outlet of right ventricle and pulmonary artery stenosis; interruption of accessory pathway in 1 patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; coronary artery bypass graft in 5 with severe coronary artery disease; and atrial or ventricular repair in 4 with congenital septum defects. " 10/01/1993 - "Sotalol is effective in controlling paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias and the ventricular response to atrial fibrillation/flutter in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, in maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation/flutter, and in preventing initiation of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias following coronary artery bypass surgery. " 05/22/2003 - "Extensive cost-effectiveness studies have been conducted on many important cardiovascular therapies: (1) beta-blockers and diuretics for multiple CVD outcomes, mortality, and prevention of recurrent myocardial infarction (MI); (2) statins for both primary and secondary prevention of CVD; (3) enalapril for prevention and treatment of congestive heart failure; (4) tissue plasminogen activator treatment of acute MI; (5) coronary artery bypass graft for left main, single-, and 2-vessel coronary artery disease, or severe angina; (6) physician counseling for smoking; and (7) radiofrequency ablation therapy for Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. "
5.	Cryosurgery 11/01/2011 - "[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome with a parahisian accessory pathway: the place of cryoablation]." 01/01/2011 - "We present a 27 year-old patient with WPW syndrome and frequent palpitations referred for cryoablation of anteroseptal pathway. " 11/01/2010 - "Ventricular ectopy following successful cryoablation for Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in the right posterior septum: a case report." 03/01/2004 - "Thirteen patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome underwent cryoablation. " 07/01/1994 - "The surgical technique used for the treatment of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome included (1) an endocardial approach with the use of cardioplegic arrest, (2) a sharp dissection of the involved valve anulus, and (3) cryoablation. "