Viologens

A group of dipyridinium chloride derivatives that are used as oxidation-reduction indicators. The general formula is 1,1'-di-R-4,4'-bipyridinium chloride, where R = methyl, ethyl, benzyl or, betaine.

Also Known As:

Networked: 22 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 0 trials/studies)

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Bryszewska, Maria: 4 articles (01/2020 - 03/2013)
2.	Gabryelak, Teresa: 3 articles (01/2020 - 03/2013)
3.	Majoral, Jean-Pierre: 3 articles (01/2020 - 03/2013)
4.	Katir, Nadia: 3 articles (09/2013 - 03/2013)
5.	Iyoda, Tomokazu: 2 articles (01/2018 - 06/2015)
6.	Kawauchi, Takehiro: 2 articles (01/2018 - 06/2015)
7.	Milowska, Katarzyna: 2 articles (09/2013 - 03/2013)
8.	El Kadib, Abdelkrim: 2 articles (03/2013 - 03/2013)
9.	Chang, Shuai: 1 article (02/2022)
10.	Jin, Lunqiang: 1 article (02/2022)

Related Diseases

1.	Poisoning 04/27/2011 - "The p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes are supposed to show potential application in the clinical treatment of viologen poisoning. " 10/22/2009 - "As a result, p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes may have potential application in the clinical treatment of viologen poisoning." 10/22/2009 - "In this context, we propose a new therapeutic protocol for the treatment of viologen poisoning. " 01/01/1979 - "Many of the signs observed with viologen poisoning are similar to adrenal hormone effects and the suggestion is made that the adrenals may be contributing to toxicity." 10/22/2009 - "Highly effective binding of viologens by p-sulfonatocalixarenes for the treatment of viologen poisoning."
2.	Skeletal Abnormalities Mandibular Hypoplasia Auditory Canal Atresia Short Stature 05/01/2010 - "This paper uses self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on an Au(111) substrate to detect the unique characteristics of viologen molecules using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and reports the orientation and surface changes of molecules at the nano level in real-time. " 06/09/2015 - "Newly designed dendritic molecules consisting of viologens (1,1'-disubstituted-4,4'-bipyridilium salts) as the framework and mercapto groups as anchor units form unique self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on a gold surface reflecting the molecular design. " 05/01/2010 - "After verifying the rectification characteristics of viologen molecules, an experiment was carried out to demonstrate the possibility of applying viologen to photodiodes and switching devices by forming a thin film of chlorophyll a on the viologen SAMs using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method. " 07/30/2003 - "The porphyrin (H(2)P) was then linked with C(60) which can act as an electron acceptor to construct H(2)P-C(60) SAMs on the ITO surface in the presence of hexyl viologen (HV(2+)) used as an electron carrier in a three electrode system, denoted as ITO/H(2)P-C(60)/HV(2+)/Pt. " 01/01/2018 - "The adsorption of the dendritic molecules occurred quickly and saturated within a few minutes in an acetonitrile/ethanol (1/1, v/v) mixture at a concentration of 2 mM. Atomic force microscopy images of the SAMs showed flat surfaces regardless of the dendritic generation because the peripheral viologen units were closely packed at the surface of the molecular layer. "
3.	Neurodegenerative Diseases (Neurodegenerative Disease) 03/04/2013 - "The presented results indicate that viologen-phosphorus dendrimers are able to inhibit ASN fibril formation and may be used as fibrillar regulating agents in neurodegenerative disorders." 03/01/2013 - "All tested non-toxic viologen-phosphorus dendrimers inhibited the activities of both cholinesterases, showing their potential as new drugs for treating neurodegenerative diseases."
4.	Neuroblastoma 09/01/2013 - "Since the influence of viologen-phosphorus structures on basic cellular processes had not been investigated, we examined the impact of such macromolecules on the murine neuroblastoma cell line (N2a). " 09/01/2013 - "Viologen-phosphorus dendrimers exhibit minor toxicity against a murine neuroblastoma cell line." 01/01/2020 - "Since the influence of carbosilane-viologen-phosphorus dendrimers (SMT1 and SMT2) on the basic cellular processes of nerve cells had not been investigated, we examined the impact of two generations of these hybrid macromolecules on two murine cell lines-cancer cell line N2a (mouse neuroblastoma) and normal immortalized cell line mHippoE-18 (embryonic mouse hippocampal cell line). "
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 12/06/2018 - "The switch movement was harnessed toward selectively masking the toxicity of the viologen fragment at neutral pH near non-cancerous cells, while exposing it at acid pH near cancer cells." 01/01/2020 - "Since the influence of carbosilane-viologen-phosphorus dendrimers (SMT1 and SMT2) on the basic cellular processes of nerve cells had not been investigated, we examined the impact of two generations of these hybrid macromolecules on two murine cell lines-cancer cell line N2a (mouse neuroblastoma) and normal immortalized cell line mHippoE-18 (embryonic mouse hippocampal cell line). "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Dendrimers (Dendrons)
2.	Phosphorus (Red Phosphorus)
3.	Viologens
4.	Paraquat
5.	Gold
6.	Lewis Acids
7.	Solvents
8.	Salts
9.	Quinones
10.	Porphyrins

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Electrodes (Electrode)