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Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome (Vogt Koyanagi Harada Syndrome)

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A syndrome characterized by bilateral granulomatous UVEITIS with IRITIS and secondary GLAUCOMA, premature ALOPECIA, symmetrical VITILIGO, poliosis circumscripta (a strand of depigmented hair), HEARING DISORDERS, and meningeal signs (neck stiffness and headache). Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid reveals a pattern consistent with MENINGITIS, ASEPTIC. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p748; Surv Ophthalmol 1995 Jan;39(4):265-292)

Also Known As:

Vogt Koyanagi Harada Syndrome; Syndrome, VKH (Vogt Koyanagi Harada); Syndrome, Vogt Koyanagi Harada; VKH (Vogt Koyanagi Harada) Syndrome; VKH Syndrome; Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease; Disease, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada; Syndrome, Uveomeningoencephalitic; Syndrome, VKH; Syndrome, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada; Uveomeningoencephalitides; VKH Syndrome (Vogt Koyanagi Harada); Vogt Koyanagi Harada Disease; Uveomeningoencephalitis; Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome

Networked: 262 relevant articles (8 outcomes, 20 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Uveitis
2.	Retinal Detachment (Retinal Detachments)
3.	Communicable Diseases (Infectious Diseases)
4.	Hearing Loss (Hearing Impairment)
5.	Anterior Uveitis

Experts

1.	Yang, Peizeng: 31 articles (11/2015 - 04/2002)
2.	Kijlstra, Aize: 25 articles (11/2015 - 05/2007)
3.	Hou, Shengping: 18 articles (03/2015 - 01/2008)
4.	Zhou, Yan: 8 articles (03/2015 - 08/2012)
5.	Du, Liping: 8 articles (09/2014 - 01/2008)
6.	Huang, Xiangkun: 8 articles (08/2010 - 04/2002)
7.	Zhou, Hongyan: 8 articles (05/2009 - 04/2002)
8.	Qi, Jian: 7 articles (03/2015 - 12/2013)
9.	Li, Fuzhen: 7 articles (08/2012 - 10/2010)
10.	Fang, Jing: 6 articles (03/2015 - 12/2013)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome:

1.	Triamcinolone Acetonide (Azmacort)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2006 - "In this study, a prompt improvement in the clinical picture of a patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection was described. " 09/01/2015 - "Posterior subtenon triamcinolone acetonide injection as a primary treatment in eyes with acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease." 01/01/2011 - "Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for rebound phenomenon after high-dose intravenous steroid treatment in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease." 05/01/2006 - "The results suggest that intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection may be an additional tool in the treatment of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome." 05/01/2006 - "To report the results of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in two eyes of a patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. "
2.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 05/01/2009 - "In this study, we investigated whether they are involved in VKH syndrome and how their function is affected by CsA and corticosteroids. " 05/01/2015 - "High rate of clinical recurrence in patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease treated with early high-dose corticosteroids." 01/01/2015 - "Significant role of the choroidal outer layer during recovery from choroidal thickening in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease patients treated with systemic corticosteroids." 01/01/2015 - "Early resolution of subretinal fluid without high-dose corticosteroids in a pregnant patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: a case report." 09/01/2013 - "Prognostic factors for clinical outcomes in patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease treated with high-dose corticosteroids."
3.	Fluorescein (Funduscein)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/2007 - "Fluorescein fundus angiographic findings in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome." 01/01/2006 - "The P100 peak latency of PVEP was measured during the period without macular abnormalities observed by fluorescein angiography in 23 patients (46 eyes) with HU and 24 patients (48 eyes) with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) with a corrected visual acuity of 20/25 or more. " 12/01/2004 - "Fluorescein angiography showed disk leakage and hyperfluorescent spots with late leakage suggestive of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. " 12/01/2000 - "All patients were previously diagnosed with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome based on the clinical features and course of the disease combined with fluorescein angiography with or without ultrasonography in selected cases. " 01/01/1995 - "Fluorescein angiography, lumbar puncture, and echography are useful adjuncts in the diagnosis and management of VKH syndrome. "
4.	infliximab (Remicade)FDA Link 11/01/2009 - "Efficacy of infliximab therapy in two patients with refractory Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease." 08/01/2013 - "Successful use of infliximab therapy in sight-threatening corticosteroid-resistant Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease." 06/01/2010 - "To report treatment results with infliximab in 2 pediatric Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH) patients. " 06/01/2010 - "Treatment of pediatric vogt-koyanagi-harada syndrome with infliximab." 07/01/2008 - "To report the authors' experience using infliximab to treat 2 patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH). "
5.	Immunosuppressive Agents (Immunosuppressants)IBA 07/01/2008 - "Improved visual outcomes in patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome in recent years have been reported when compared with decades ago, presumably due to the more aggressive use of immunosuppressive agents. " 06/01/2006 - "A tentative diagnosis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome was made and the patient was treated with systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents. " 04/01/2006 - "Treatment of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease by corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents."
6.	SteroidsIBA 09/01/2014 - "This report describes a case of VKH syndrome in a 26-year-old male of Pakistan origin who was successfully treated with systemic steroids. " 11/01/2005 - "After having ruled out an underlying rheumatological or infectious disease, a VKH syndrome was suspected and effectively treated with systemic steroids. "
7.	adalimumab (Humira)FDA Link 07/01/2014 - "Efficacy of adalimumab for pediatric Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome." 03/01/2007 - "[Adalimumab therapy for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome]."
8.	rituximab (Mabthera)FDA Link 12/01/2011 - "Rituximab in refractory Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease." 10/01/2015 - "Long-lasting uveitis remission and hearing loss recovery after rituximab in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease."
9.	AntigensIBA 12/01/1996 - "To study the frequencies of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) specificities in Italian patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease and to correlate the presence of each specificity to the clinical features. " 03/01/1981 - "The findings in these patients and the results of previous studies suggest that Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome is a cell-mediated autoimmune disorder in which a component of myelin acts as an inciting antigen." 12/01/2014 - "Linkage analysis showed the independent association of C4 with VKH syndrome from human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DR4. " 12/01/2011 - "Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder mediated by cytotoxic T cells targeting melanocytes antigen(s). " 02/01/2009 - "Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH) is a multisystem disorder, characterized by the T-cell-mediated autoimmune process directed against melanocytic antigens in the ocular, nervous, auditory and integumentary systems. "
10.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)IBA 01/01/2015 - "Correlation between Retinal Changes and Visual Function in Late-Stage Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study." 03/01/2015 - "A clinical grading system based on ultra-wide field retinal imaging for sunset glow fundus in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease." 05/01/2014 - "To investigate the correlation between choroidal and retinal lesions in eyes with acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) by using a new parameter, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) undulation index, which quantitatively describes choroidal deformations. " 05/01/2014 - "Relationship between retinal lesions and inward choroidal bulging in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease." 09/01/2012 - "Wavy and elevated retinal pigment epithelial line in optical coherence tomographic images of eyes with atypical Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 09/01/2013 - "The objectives of this study are to review our current knowledge of the aetiopathogenesis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, including viral infection, genetic factors and immunomediated mechanisms, and to discuss pathogenesis and its relevance to pharmacotherapy. " 07/01/1989 - "The Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome, a disease of unknown origin, characterized by inflammation of the uveal tract, retina and meninges, was observed in a patient with Hodgkin's disease (HD) who had been treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. "
2.	Phacoemulsification 03/01/2013 - "Seventeen patients (20 eyes) with complicated cataracts and VKH syndrome or BD who underwent phacoemulsification with IOL implantation at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU) between January 2010 and June 2011 were included as the experimental group in this study. " 03/01/2013 - "To investigate anterior chamber inflammation after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome or Behçet's disease (BD). "
3.	Intravitreal Injections 05/01/2006 - "A 24-year-old woman with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome was treated with a single 4-mg dose of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide in both eyes. " 03/01/2004 - "To report the use of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide during the acute phase of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. " 03/01/2014 - "Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab during the corticosteroid therapy may be a treatment option for patients with decreased visual function because of persistent serous retinal detachment associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome." 03/01/2004 - "Three eyes from two patients at the acute phase of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease with serous retinal detachments were treated with a 4-mg intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide. " 03/01/2014 - "Four patients with bilateral Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease with the resolution of ocular inflammation presenting a serous retinal detachment involving the fovea that persisted for at least 1 month, despite systemic corticosteroid treatment, received an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab during the steroid tapering stage. "
4.	Immunomodulation 06/01/2011 - "Effect of the duration of immunomodulatory therapy on the clinical features of recurrent episodes in Vogt--Koyanagi--Harada disease." 05/01/2009 - "Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome associated with bilateral serous macular detachments responsive to immunomodulatory therapy." 09/01/2015 - "To evaluate clinical outcomes of first-line immunomodulatory therapy (IMT) and prednisone alone or late IMT in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. " 04/01/2006 - "To report on the use of immunomodulatory therapy (IMT) in a group of patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) and to compare the outcomes with those of another group of patients with VKH who were treated for prolonged periods with corticosteroids. " 06/01/2011 - "To evaluate the duration of immunomodulatory therapy (corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs) with regard to the rate of relapses and clinical features (exudative retinal detachment or anterior uveitis) in inflammatory episodes of Vogt--Koyanagi--Harada disease. "
5.	Lasers (Laser) 10/01/1998 - "Videofunduscopy and videoangiography using the scanning laser ophthalmoscope in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome." 07/01/1996 - "In a prospective study, indocyanine green angiography, by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy or infrared fundus photography, was performed in ten consecutive patients (20 eyes) with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease during the acute stage before and recovery stage after corticosteroid treatment. " 05/01/1985 - "The cell membrane markers on peripheral blood lymphocytes of 10 patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) were analyzed by laser flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies. " 10/01/1998 - "To observe pathophysiological changes in patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome using the scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) to perform videofunduscopy, and indocyanine green (ICG) and fluorescein videoangiography. " 07/01/1996 - "To report the indocyanine green angiographic findings associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease and compare them with fluorescein angiographic findings and monochromatic scanning laser images. "