Anterior Uveitis

Inflammation of the anterior uvea comprising the iris, angle structures, and the ciliary body. Manifestations of this disorder include ciliary injection, exudation into the anterior chamber, iris changes, and adhesions between the iris and lens (posterior synechiae). Intraocular pressure may be increased or reduced.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1563 relevant articles (89 outcomes, 140 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Inflammation (Inflammations)
2.	Ankylosing Spondylitis
3.	Juvenile Arthritis (Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis)
4.	Vasculitis (Vasculitides)
5.	Scleritis (Episcleritis)

Experts

1.	Rosenbaum, James T: 17 articles (01/2022 - 07/2002)
2.	Foster, C Stephen: 14 articles (01/2022 - 01/2005)
3.	Kijlstra, Aize: 14 articles (04/2021 - 01/2013)
4.	Yang, Peizeng: 14 articles (04/2021 - 01/2013)
5.	Heiligenhaus, Arnd: 13 articles (07/2022 - 06/2011)
6.	Kempen, John H: 10 articles (01/2022 - 11/2009)
7.	Bora, Nalini S: 10 articles (05/2019 - 06/2004)
8.	Bora, Puran S: 10 articles (05/2019 - 06/2004)
9.	Cordero-Coma, Miguel: 9 articles (01/2022 - 01/2013)
10.	Heinz, Carsten: 9 articles (01/2020 - 06/2011)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Anterior Uveitis:

1.	SteroidsIBA 01/01/2023 - "At the time of the initial pulmonary visit, the patient complained of acute onset of bilateral blurry vision and subsequently was diagnosed with anterior uveitis and received ophthalmic steroids with significant improvement. " 01/01/1997 - "In the first part of the study, 78 episodes of HLA-B27-related acute anterior uveitis were analyzed to determine mean pretreatment (initial) flare, mean flare evolution, need for additional periocular steroids, and mean duration of an episode. " 03/03/2023 - "To identify the clinical characteristics that may predict the diagnosis of Rubella virus (RV) or Cytomegalovirus (CMV) among cases of chronic treatment resistant or steroid dependent unilateral anterior uveitis (AU). " 01/01/2023 - "The anterior uveitis is usually mild and responds to topical steroids. " 12/01/2022 - "8 eyes (6.0%) required long-term topical steroids for anterior uveitis, whereas none of the eyes required long-term pressure-lowering treatment. "
2.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 01/01/2010 - "Topical corticosteroids are effective in the control of anterior uveitis, but vary in strength, ocular penetration and side effect profile. " 09/01/2016 - "In contrast to previous studies, we neither found higher male gender predominance in the cohort of patients with HLA-B27-related anterior uveitis, Nor did we find differences regarding average age, laterality, development of complications nor use of systemic corticosteroids." 06/01/2022 - "One eye (5.26%) in the BRm arm experienced mild anterior uveitis, which was treated with topical corticosteroids. " 01/01/2022 - "She was initially diagnosed with anterior uveitis and treated with topical and periocular corticosteroids. " 07/04/2021 - "One month later, he developed an acute granulomatous anterior uveitis in the same eye that was managed with a combination of topical and perioperative intravitreal, intravenous, and oral corticosteroids.Conclusion"
3.	Adalimumab (Humira)FDA Link 11/01/2017 - "Two Phase III trials enrolling a small number of BS patients have shown the efficacy of adalimumab in the treatment of non-infectious, non-anterior uveitis. " 06/01/2020 - "To compare the efficacy of Adalimumab (ADA) in noninfectious anterior uveitis (AU) and posterior segment (PS) involvement, associated with different conditions, with a focus on Behçet's syndrome (BS). " 06/01/2013 - "All patients who underwent treatment with adalimumab for JIA and anterior uveitis were prospectively included in the study. " 11/21/2023 - "How should we approach management of childhood onset chronic anterior uveitis refractory to adalimumab?" 11/16/2023 - "Effectiveness and Safety of Weekly Adalimumab for Non-Infectious Chronic Anterior Uveitis in Children."
4.	prednisolone acetateFDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2021 - "The patient was diagnosed with acute anterior uveitis (AAU) in the left eye and was placed on topical prednisolone acetate.At" 05/24/2020 - "Continued treatment and tapering of topical 1% prednisolone acetate for 4 weeks led to the complete resolution of the anterior uveitis. " 12/01/2010 - "A 49-year-old black man presented with a traumatic anterior uveitis recalcitrant to traditional prednisolone acetate 1% treatment. " 01/01/2008 - "With the diagnosis of right anterior uveitis, topical prednisolone acetate (1%) was started, and her symptoms completely resolved within 1 week. " 05/01/2018 - "Prednisolone acetate 1% is the first choice in the therapy of patients with anterior uveitis. "
5.	ValganciclovirFDA Link 07/01/2007 - "Valganciclovir may be very effective in treating CMV anterior uveitis, but its exact role can only be determined in larger studies with a longer follow-up." 01/01/2011 - "Valganciclovir may be effective in treating CMV anterior uveitis, but its exact role should be determined in larger studies with a longer follow-up. " 12/01/2021 - "Efficacy and safety of oral valganciclovir in cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis with uncontrolled intraocular pressure." 05/01/2020 - "We present clinical features of cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis (CMVAU) and outcomes of oral valganciclovir treatment at a tertiary referral center in North America. " 05/01/2020 - "Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Anterior Uveitis at a North American Tertiary Center With Oral Valganciclovir."
6.	Ganciclovir (Cytovene)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2016 - "Topical ganciclovir may be beneficial in reducing the frequency of recurrence in patients with CMV anterior uveitis, but it was not statistically associated with prolonging the time-to-recurrence. " 12/01/2016 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical ganciclovir 0.15 % gel in the management of patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) anterior uveitis. " 01/01/2017 - "Extemporaneous preparation topical 2% ganciclovir was effective and safely controlled CMV anterior uveitis. " 01/01/2017 - "Our results suggest that patients treated with 0.15% topical ganciclovir have a decreased frequency of CMV anterior uveitis recurrences, most preserve a relatively good central vision over time. " 01/01/2017 - "Topical Ganciclovir in Cytomegalovirus Anterior Uveitis."
7.	Methotrexate (Mexate)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/2017 - "High Efficacy of Methotrexate in Patients with Recurrent Idiopathic Acute Anterior Uveitis: a Prospective Study." 02/01/2017 - "To evaluate prospectively the efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) in the treatment of recurrent idiopathic acute anterior uveitis (RIAAU). " 05/01/2009 - "To evaluate the efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) in preventing the recurrence of acute anterior uveitis (AAU). " 01/01/2019 - "Methotrexate (MTX) is standard treatment in pediatric chronic anterior uveitis (CAU). " 05/01/2009 - "Methotrexate: an option for preventing the recurrence of acute anterior uveitis."
8.	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor)IBA 02/01/2012 - "The main focus is on the effect of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) which is a pro-inflammatory molecule found in the intraocular milieu during allograft rejection and anterior uveitis. " 03/01/2010 - "TNF-alpha is elevated in the cornea and aqueous humor during allograft rejection and anterior uveitis. " 08/01/2005 - "Treatment of AS patients with biologic agents directed against TNFalpha is associated with a significant decrease in the number of anterior uveitis flares. " 07/01/2002 - "Here, we review recent insights into anterior uveitis with regard to clinical presentation, immune mechanisms, genetics, and anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy." 11/01/2016 - "The purpose of the present review was to provide a comprehensive picture of the efficacy of the different tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibiting agents in the treatment of acute anterior uveitis (AAU), the most common extra-articular manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). "
9.	SuspensionsIBA 09/01/1975 - "A graft-vs-host reaction (GVHR) expressed as an anterior uveitis was elicited within the anterior chambers of the eyes of F1 hybrid rats by the inoculation of suspensions of allogeneic, parental lymph node cells. " 01/01/2016 - "In early pivotal clinical trials of LE ophthalmic suspension for conjunctivitis (allergic, giant papillary), anterior uveitis, and post-operative inflammation, LE had minimal impact on IOP over short-term (<28 days) and long-term (≥28 days) use. " 05/01/2020 - "To investigate the efficacy and safety of 1% rimexolone ophthalmic suspension in children with chronic anterior uveitis under real-life conditions in a tertiary center. " 05/01/2004 - "Rimexolone 1% ophthalmic suspension is as effective as and safer than prednisolone acetate 1% ophthalmic suspension in the treatment of anterior uveitis." 05/01/2004 - "Rimexolone is as effective as prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension in the treatment of anterior uveitis. "
10.	Infliximab (Remicade)FDA Link 01/01/2012 - "Anterior uveitis improved after infliximab administration. " 05/04/2017 - "He received his scheduled infliximab injection, and the right acute anterior uveitis immediately attenuated. " 01/01/2013 - "A case of severe recurrent anterior uveitis OU in a patient with AS with infliximab was successfully treated. " 01/01/2023 - "I report a case with ocular Behçet disease presenting as hypopyon-anterior uveitis refractory to conventional immunosuppressive drugs who was safely and effectively managed for 20 years by nonstop infusions of a modern anti-TNF agent, infliximab. " 05/01/2015 - "Infliximab-induced anterior uveitis in a patient with ulcerative Colitis."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2018 - "The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of therapy in patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) anterior uveitis. " 01/01/2000 - "Twenty-seven of the 34 cases with ocular lesions had improvement in signs following systemic antiprotozoal and topical anti-inflammatory therapy, although many cases with anterior uveitis required long-term topical therapy. " 07/01/2023 - "A definition of controlled anterior uveitis or quiescent disease is important for treatment decisions, particularly when classifying a patient's disease as failing current therapy and making decisions for escalating therapy." 04/01/2023 - "An effective therapy to reduce the number and severity of HLA-B27-related acute anterior uveitis (AAU) recurrences represents a clinical need. " 12/01/2022 - "A significant number of children with noninfectious, chronic anterior uveitis (CAU) fail to respond to conventional therapy; however, successful alternative biologic treatments (ABT) have not been well described. "
2.	Immunomodulation 01/01/2023 - "To evaluate the efficacy of immunomodulatory therapy (IMT) in paediatric anterior uveitis. " 01/01/2023 - "Paediatric anterior uveitis management in the USA: a single-centre, 10-year retrospective chart review exploring the efficacy and safety of systemic immunomodulatory therapy." 10/01/2022 - "Visual acuity, anterior uveitis, and corneal edema significantly improved with aggressive immunomodulation. " 08/04/2023 - "Cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis and occlusive retinal vasculitis without retinitis in a patient on immunomodulatory therapy." 01/01/2022 - "This study is aimed to assess the efficacy of adalimumab in alleviating peripheral vascular leakage in pediatric chronic anterior uveitis patients, along with its ability to improve best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and inflammation parameters, its efficacy in reducing topical glucocorticosteroids (GCs) and systemic immunomodulatory therapy (IMT), and its safety profile. "
3.	Intravitreal Injections 01/01/2015 - "We present a new application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-based microangiography (OMAG) to a rat model of acute anterior uveitis induced by intravitreal injection of a killed mycobacterial extract. " 06/04/2021 - "Intraoperative Intravitreal injection of 3 mg TA is an effective and safe adjunctive therapy for preventing postoperative inflammation and complications to promote early recovery for anterior uveitis or panuveitis complicated cataract patients following phacoemulsification. " 07/01/2019 - "Anterior uveitis was induced in a group of rabbits by intravitreal injection of endotoxin from Salmonella typhimurium. " 01/01/2013 - "Acute anterior uveitis following intravitreal injection of bevacizumab." 09/01/2008 - "Anterior uveitis was induced in rabbits by intravitreal injection of lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli after pretreatment with C. "
4.	Phacoemulsification 01/01/2021 - "White patients had a 17.9 (95% CI: 7.8-41.1, p<0.0001) increased odds of developing persistent anterior uveitis with a combined procedure compared to phacoemulsification only, while Non-white patients had a 5.8 (95% CI: 2.8-12.1, p<0.0001) increased odds. " 01/01/2021 - "Endoscopic Cyclophotocoagulation Combined with Phacoemulsification Increases Risk of Persistent Anterior Uveitis Compared to Phacoemulsification Surgery Alone." 08/01/2018 - "This study was aimed to assess the long-term results of phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in patients with anterior uveitis. " 01/01/2021 - "To evaluate if the addition of endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) to uncomplicated phacoemulsification cataract extraction increases the risk of persistent anterior uveitis (PAU) compared to phacoemulsification alone. " 07/01/2013 - "Phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in patients with anterior uveitis."
5.	Lasers (Laser) 10/01/2010 - "The purpose of this study is to determine whether pupillary dilation has any effect on anterior chamber flare measurements using a Kowa laser flare meter (FM-500) in patients with chronic anterior uveitis (CAU). " 01/01/2015 - "We report the cases of 2 patients who had unilateral anterior uveitis after having undergone laser removal of eyebrow hair. " 10/01/2010 - "Quantitative assessment of the effects of pupillary dilation on aqueous flare in eyes with chronic anterior uveitis using laser flare photometry." 02/01/2007 - "No significant differences were detected in macular thickness or anterior uveitis using optical coherence tomography and laser flare photometry." 01/01/2007 - "A retrospective review of medical records was performed for all children (aged < or =16 years at disease onset) with chronic anterior uveitis presumed to be noninfectious, who were examined by one clinician at the Jules Stein Eye Institute since laser flare photometry became available at that facility. "