Endemic Flea-Borne Typhus (Typhus, Endemic Flea Borne)

An infectious disease clinically similar to epidemic louse-borne typhus (TYPHUS, EPIDEMIC LOUSE-BORNE), but caused by RICKETTSIA TYPHI, which is transmitted from rat to man by the rat flea, XENOPSYLLA CHEOPIS.

Also Known As:

Networked: 134 relevant articles (5 outcomes, 6 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Scrub Typhus (Typhus, Scrub)
2.	Epidemic Louse-Borne Typhus (Typhus)
3.	Hearing Loss (Hearing Impairment)
4.	Fever (Fevers)
5.	Infection

Experts

1.	Newton, Paul N: 6 articles (08/2015 - 05/2009)
2.	Blacksell, Stuart D: 6 articles (04/2015 - 07/2007)
3.	Day, Nicholas P J: 4 articles (08/2015 - 07/2007)
4.	Lai, Chung-Hsu: 4 articles (01/2014 - 09/2008)
5.	Lin, Hsi-Hsun: 4 articles (01/2014 - 09/2008)
6.	Chen, Yen-Hsu: 4 articles (01/2014 - 05/2009)
7.	Lin, Jiun-Nong: 4 articles (01/2014 - 09/2008)
8.	Phetsouvanh, Rattanaphone: 4 articles (05/2013 - 05/2009)
9.	Azad, Abdu F: 4 articles (01/2012 - 08/2003)
10.	Paris, Daniel H: 3 articles (08/2015 - 02/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Endemic Flea-Borne Typhus:

1.	LatexIBA 11/01/1995 - "The dot-blot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot-ELISA) was compared to latex agglutination (LA) and the Weil-Felix OX-19 test for the diagnosis of murine typhus using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) test as the 'gold standard'. " 03/01/1985 - "Results indicated that the latex agglutination test was sensitive and specific and would serve well as a first-line screening test for murine typhus." 03/01/1989 - "A latex test for immunodiagnosis of murine typhus, using erythrocyte-sensitizing substance from Rickettsia prowazekii absorbed to latex particles, has been developed. "
2.	Doxycycline (Vibramycin)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1987 - "Doxycycline has emerged as the best treatment for murine typhus, epidemic typhus, and scrub typhus. " 01/01/2011 - "Broad-spectrum antibiotics are not effective in the treatment of endemic typhus, but the disease is responsive to doxycycline. " 09/01/2008 - "Doxycycline is the recommended antibiotic for acute Q fever, scrub typhus, and murine typhus and defervescence often occurs within 3 days of treatment. " 09/01/2008 - "Clinical characteristics of acute Q fever, scrub typhus, and murine typhus with delayed defervescence despite doxycycline treatment." 09/01/2008 - "In treating acute Q fever, scrub typhus, and murine typhus with doxycycline, clinicians should be aware that delayed defervescence may occur in patients presenting with jaundice, relative bradycardia, and absence of headache."
3.	Azithromycin (Zithromax)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2010 - "Though an adverse reaction to azithromycin could not be ruled out, delayed onset of hearing loss was more likely a complication of murine typhus, mainly because the hearing loss did not occur during the azithromycin usage period. " 05/01/2010 - "Reversible hearing impairment: delayed complication of murine typhus or adverse reaction to azithromycin?"
4.	CyclinsIBA 02/01/2014 - "We describe a case of murine typhus in a diabetic woman complicated with MAS, who was effectively treated with cyclin and parenteral immunoglobulin. "
5.	Immunoglobulins (Immunoglobulin)IBA 02/01/2014 - "We describe a case of murine typhus in a diabetic woman complicated with MAS, who was effectively treated with cyclin and parenteral immunoglobulin. "
6.	Erythromycin (Erycette)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2007 - "We describe a case of murine typhus in a pregnant woman who was effectively treated with erythromycin."
7.	AntibodiesIBA 01/01/2010 - "lasiura (4.5%) were positive for murine typhus antibodies, whereas only A. " 12/01/2006 - "High prevalence of antibodies to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in a murine typhus endemic region in Croatia." 10/01/2003 - "In six out of these 8 sera, antibodies to Rickettsia typhi, the cause of murine typhus, were detected possibly as a cross-reaction with some "newly detected" rickettsia circulating in this part of Europe, most likely Rickettsia slovaca. " 05/01/2000 - "The increasing prevalence of Endemic Typhus in Kuala Lumpur and an evaluation of a diagnostic ELISA dot test for the detection of antibodies to Rickettsia typhi." 01/01/1999 - "The prevalences of antibodies against SFGR and murine typhus were 128 (39.1%) and 48 (14.7%), respectively. "
8.	4-Aminobenzoic Acid (4 Aminobenzoic Acid)IBA 01/01/1949 - "Effect of para-aminobenzoic acid on murine typhus; a clinical study of 60 cases." 03/01/1948 - "Murine typhus; treatment of a small series of cases with para-aminobenzoic acid." 08/03/1946 - "The use of para-aminobenzoic acid in endemic (murine) typhus." 07/01/1947 - "Para-aminobenzoic acid in the treatment of endemic (murine) typhus fever." 12/01/1944 - "Para-aminobenzoic acid, when added to the food in a concentration of 3 per cent, was shown to have a remarkably effective chemotherapeutic action on murine typhus infection in mice. "
9.	CoffeeFDA Link 05/01/2013 - "In 2005, we identified the circulation of murine typhus in 6 towns within the mountainous coffee-growing area north of Caldas, Colombia. " 06/13/1947 - "A study of murine typhus fever in Coffee County, Alabama."
10.	Leukocyte Elastase (Neutrophil Elastase)IBA 08/01/2015 - "This study analyzed the plasma levels of nucleosomes, FSAP-activation (nucleosome-releasing factor), and neutrophil activation, as evidenced by neutrophil-elastase (ELA) complexes, in sympatric Lao patients with scrub typhus and murine typhus. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 08/01/2015 - "To our knowledge, this is the first case report of murine typhus in a liver transplant recipient." 08/01/2015 - "We report here a case of murine typhus in a 69-year-old liver transplant recipient, who presented with acute febrile illness 5 years post transplantation. " 08/01/2015 - "Murine typhus in a liver transplant recipient: report of a first case."
2.	Therapeutics 12/01/2009 - "As a possible determinant of host pathogenicity, ppcE warrants consideration in the development of therapeutics against epidemic and murine typhus."
3.	Microspheres (Microsphere) 03/01/1989 - "A latex test for immunodiagnosis of murine typhus, using erythrocyte-sensitizing substance from Rickettsia prowazekii absorbed to latex particles, has been developed. "
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 11/01/1962 - "Antibodies and clinical relapse of murine typhus fever following early chemotherapy."