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Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung.

Also Known As:

Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; Pulmonary Tuberculoses; Tuberculoses, Pulmonary; Consumption, Pulmonary; Consumptions, Pulmonary; Phthises, Pulmonary; Phthisis, Pulmonary; Pulmonary Consumptions; Pulmonary Phthises; Pulmonary Consumption; Pulmonary Phthisis

Networked: 9033 relevant articles (243 outcomes, 910 trials/studies)

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Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Tuberculosis (Tuberculoses)
2.	Infection
3.	Body Weight (Weight, Body)
4.	Meningeal Tuberculosis (Tuberculous Meningitis)
5.	Respiratory Insufficiency (Respiratory Failure)

Experts

1.	Selvaraj, P: 28 articles (12/2014 - 05/2000)
2.	Narayanan, P R: 28 articles (07/2009 - 05/2000)
3.	Urazova, O I: 15 articles (07/2015 - 01/2005)
4.	Donald, P R: 15 articles (06/2012 - 06/2000)
5.	Kaminskaia, G O: 15 articles (01/2009 - 01/2000)
6.	Raja, Alamelu: 14 articles (12/2014 - 03/2002)
7.	Li, Ji-Cheng: 13 articles (01/2015 - 06/2010)
8.	Babu, Subash: 12 articles (10/2015 - 12/2012)
9.	Zumla, Alimuddin: 12 articles (07/2014 - 10/2002)
10.	Jawahar, M S: 12 articles (10/2012 - 05/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Pulmonary Tuberculosis:

1.	Isoniazid (Ftivazide)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2013 - "This study is a pharmacogenetic clinical trial designed to clarify whether the N-acetyltransferase 2 gene (NAT2) genotype-guided dosing of isoniazid improves the tolerability and efficacy of the 6-month four-drug standard regimen for newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. " 04/01/1996 - "To compare the pharmacokinetic parameters and the clinical efficacy of isoniazid, administered in 10 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg to children suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. " 07/13/1956 - "[Efficacy of isoniazid-PAS in pulmonary tuberculosis therapy]." 07/01/2011 - "This study was designed to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of isoniazid in South African pulmonary tuberculosis patients. " 01/01/2011 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of multiple-mutations in the katG gene, predominant nucleotide changes and its correlation with high level of resistance to isoniazid in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates that were randomly collected from sputa of 42 patients with primary and secondary active pulmonary tuberculosis from different geographic regions of Iran. "
2.	Rifampin (Rifampicin)FDA LinkGeneric 05/04/1974 - "Therapeutic efficacy of rifampin in newly detected pulmonary tuberculosis." 07/01/2005 - "Since the introduction of rifampicin, it has been believed that pulmonary tuberculosis can be cured with medication alone. " 11/01/2000 - "To assess the efficacy of a daily, self-administered 8-month rifampicin-containing regimen for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected adults. " 11/01/2000 - "Efficacy of an unsupervised 8-month rifampicin-containing regimen for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected adults. " 10/01/1984 - "[Relation between the efficacy of complex therapy of patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis and the duration of rifampicin administration]."
3.	Streptomycin (Streptomycin Sulfate)FDA Link 07/01/1950 - "[Limits of the efficacy of PAS in primary pulmonary tuberculosis and indications for associated PAS-streptomycin treatment; research and considerations on 185 cases]." 01/01/2010 - "This paved the way for the first randomized control trial of streptomycin in pulmonary tuberculosis carried out in 1946 by MRC of the UK. " 04/01/2004 - "The 1948 report of the British Medical Research Council's randomized trial of streptomycin for pulmonary tuberculosis is widely regarded as marking the beginning of the modern history of controlled clinical trials. " 05/01/1957 - "[Studies on the clinical pictures of pulmonary tuberculosis patients and the bacteriostatic effects of tubercle bacillus in the resected specimens, with special reference to streptomycin-resistance. " 02/01/1955 - "[Studies on the extremely streptomycin resistant variants of tubercle bacilli in the pulmonary tuberculosis patients]."
4.	BCG Vaccine FDA Link 01/01/2012 - "The Bacille-Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine does not provide consistent protection against adult pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. " 07/15/2010 - "Mutations that arose in bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) daughter strains during decades of in vitro cultivation have long been suspected of reducing the efficacy of the BCG vaccine against pulmonary tuberculosis. " 02/01/2010 - "Because the Mycobacterium bovis Bacilli-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine fails to protect adults from pulmonary tuberculosis, there is an urgent need for improved vaccine formulations. " 02/01/2002 - "The efficacy of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) varies enormously in different populations. " 10/01/2012 - "Clinical trials worldwide have proved the inadequacy of the BCG vaccine in preventing the manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis in adults. "
5.	AntigensIBA 07/01/1998 - "Thus use of ESAS-7 antigen for antibody detection has good diagnostic potential with improved specificity in pulmonary tuberculosis." 07/01/2015 - "Studies indicate that human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene polymorphisms are implicated in the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). " 03/01/2012 - "Diagnostic accuracy of a low-cost, urine antigen, point-of-care screening assay for HIV-associated pulmonary tuberculosis before antiretroviral therapy: a descriptive study." 07/01/2010 - "In this study, association of CD27 expression on mycobacterial antigen-specific CD4+ T cells with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) was investigated. " 07/01/2010 - "Genetic studies of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), including those of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, have been reported in several populations. "
6.	Pyrazinamide FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2006 - "This study was designed to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of pyrazinamide in South African pulmonary tuberculosis patients, with special reference to interindividual and interoccasional variability (IIV and IOV, respectively). " 01/01/1990 - "[Clinical and laboratory studies in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis treated with pyrazinamide]." 05/01/2015 - "Formulation and Characterization of Pyrazinamide Polymeric Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Efficiency for Alveolar Macrophage Targeting." 09/01/2013 - "Treating pyrazinamide mono-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis." 11/01/2012 - "To determine primary and acquired resistance to pyrazinamide in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in sputum samples from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. "
7.	butyl 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)oxanilate (MTB)IBA 01/01/2015 - "Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), the only licensed vaccine, shows limited protection efficacy against pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), particularly hypervirulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains, suggesting that a logistical and practical vaccination strategy is urgently required. " 11/01/2014 - "Diagnostics such as Xpert MTB/RIF may help to determine pulmonary tuberculosis prevalence, however its performance in severely malnourished children is largely unknown. " 08/01/1998 - "Although the identity of T cells involved in the protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in humans remain unknown, patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) have reduced numbers of Mtb-reactive, V gamma 9+/V delta 2+ T cells in their blood and lungs. " 11/01/2015 - "The Xpert(®) MTB/RIF assay in routine diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: A multicentre study in Lithuania." 04/01/2015 - "This prospective, multi-centre study evaluated the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis in children. "
8.	Ethambutol (Myambutol)FDA LinkGeneric 01/31/1969 - "[Management of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis using ethambutol (6 months of treatment)]." 12/24/1983 - "In a controlled study of culture-positive advanced pulmonary tuberculosis we have compared treatment regimens with PZA in a dosage of less than 2 g and with ethambutol (EMB). " 01/01/1974 - "[Effect of ethambutol on the acid-forming function of the stomach in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (radiotelemetric study)]." 01/01/1966 - "[Contribution to the study of respiratory function in subjects with pulmonary tuberculosis treated with ethambutol]." 09/01/2011 - "The population pharmacokinetics of ethambutol in South African patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were characterized using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. "
9.	Tuberculin (PPD)IBA 06/01/2002 - "Patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis with a more favorable clinical course have a more potent specific cell-mediated immunity to PPD (positive skin reactivity in vivo and significantly greater lymphocyte proliferative response in vitro) than patients with a clinically more severe form of the disease. " 01/01/2014 - "To evaluate effectiveness of directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) by monthly sputum conversion rates at first, second, and third month in newly diagnosed patients of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) (category-1), and to study patterns of lesions on chest radiographs and their correlation to smear sputum positivity, also to record reaction to Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST) in active TB patients. " 04/01/2013 - "To ascertain the status of Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) in the children aged 0-5 y who are household contacts of adults having sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis and also to study the relationship of TST and Chest X-Ray (CXR) and their relevance in contact screening under RNTCP setup. " 07/01/2012 - "Among 473 TB cases included in the study, positive tuberculin skin test was observed in 52%, history of contact with a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis in 66%, mostly intra-household, and with the father/stepfather most commonly involved; and disseminated TB in 22%. " 07/01/2010 - "Out of 65 cases, 14 had different types of extra pulmonary tuberculosis, and data concerning following factors were studied: age, gender, race, site of involvement, bacteriology, pathology, ADA (ascitic fluid), PCR (tissue specimens), history of close contact, HIV tests (ELISA), tuberculin test, radiological findings, and immunological studies (in disseminated TB). "
10.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 01/01/2002 - "The use of endobronchial and intracavernous myramistine in combination with antituberculous agents to patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis caused by multidrug-resistant MBT strains reduced the latter's resistance to antibiotics, cured tubendobronchitis in most patients, created conditions for obliteration of the cavernous cavity. " 07/01/1958 - "[Correlations between functional disturbances and radiological improvement in several cases of extensive pulmonary tuberculosis treated with antibiotics]." 01/01/1954 - "[Several cases of ulcerated pulmonary tuberculosis cured with antibiotics alone]." 06/01/2015 - "This study also confirms poorer prognoses for pulmonary tuberculosis sufferers hospitalized in sanatoria before antibiotics and reveals that a significant number of patients survived enough time to develop bone lesions." 06/01/2000 - "To evaluate a diagnostic algorithm for pulmonary tuberculosis based on smear microscopy and objective response to trial of antibiotics. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/1966 - "Bacteriological response is generally considered the best criterion for assessing the efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. " 01/01/1990 - "Appropriate three-stage chemotherapy with the use of surgical interventions, if indicated permits one to achieve in the reformatory institutions of the Ministry of Home Affairs a high efficacy of treatment of ++newly-diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients, which concurrently significantly decreases their epidemic danger for the general population when they are let free." 03/01/2002 - "To assess the efficacy of WHO-recommended standard short-course chemotherapy in newly detected pulmonary tuberculosis cases positive by smear or with extensive lung lesions suggestive of culture positivity, under project conditions. " 06/01/2004 - "Pulmonary resection in combination with chemotherapy appears to be an effective measure for the treatment of multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. " 03/09/1984 - "Chemotherapy of pulmonary tuberculosis was effective for existing disease in all ages and prevented dissemination. "
2.	Retreatment 07/01/2013 - "This study evaluated the efficacy of retreatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) with regard to treatment outcomes and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (ST) profiles. " 11/01/2003 - "Improved cure rates in pulmonary tuberculosis category II (retreatment) with mycobacterium w." 05/01/2010 - "The aim of the study was to determine drug sensitivity and DNA fingerprints of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from retreatment cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. " 01/01/2009 - "250 patients in need of retreatment for pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled in the study. " 07/01/2006 - "A prospective, uncontrolled study of 39 pulmonary tuberculosis patients, who had received adequate first-line antituberculosis treatment including supervised category II retreatment regimen, and were still sputum smear positive for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in whom sputum culture revealed isolates of M. "
3.	Immunotherapy 12/01/1990 - "Improved immunotherapy for pulmonary tuberculosis with Mycobacterium vaccae." 04/01/2000 - "Adjunctive immunotherapy with heat-killed Mycobacterium vaccae was studied in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 120 non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. " 07/10/1999 - "Immunotherapy with Mycobacterium vaccae in patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomised controlled trial. " 01/01/1997 - "In this study, 206 previously untreated patients with sputum culture positive pulmonary tuberculosis were randomized to receive an injection of killed Mycobacterium vaccae as immunotherapy, or of saline as placebo, after 1 month of a 6-month chemotherapeutic regime. " 03/01/1995 - "A study to assess the impact of immunotherapy with Mycobacterium vaccae on the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis was conducted under existing conditions in Kano, a large city in Northern Nigeria. "
4.	Pneumonectomy (Lung Volume Reduction) 06/01/1951 - "[Case of pulmonary tuberculosis cured by pneumonectomy]." 04/01/1995 - "[Long-term study of patients with sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis after pneumonectomy--obstructive impairment and its causes]." 03/01/1978 - "[Role of radioisotope studies for determination of the indications for pneumonectomy in pulmonary tuberculosis]." 11/01/1971 - "[Radiological and physiological studies on overdistension of lung after pneumonectomy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis]." 01/01/1968 - "[Studies on the results of pneumonectomy for pulmonary tuberculosis]."
5.	Collapse Therapy 04/01/2007 - "The surgical management of pulmonary tuberculosis has evolved since collapse therapy was the mainstay of treatment. " 01/01/1975 - "[Rehabilitation of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis cured by means of antibacterial preparations in combination with collapse therapy methods]." 01/01/2008 - "The findings are indicative of the expediency and medicoeconomic effectiveness of digital X-ray study used in the monitoring collapse therapy in patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis." 01/01/2008 - "[Digital X-ray study in the monitoring of collapse therapy in patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis]." 10/01/1955 - "[A study of remote results of 62 lobectomies with or without preceding or combined collapse therapy in pulmonary tuberculosis]."