Tooth Avulsion

Partial or complete displacement of a tooth from its alveolar support. It is commonly the result of trauma. (From Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p312)

Also Known As:

Avulsion, Tooth; Avulsions, Tooth; Dislocations, Tooth; Luxation, Tooth; Luxations, Tooth; Tooth Avulsions; Tooth Dislocation; Tooth Dislocations; Tooth Luxations; Tooth, Avulsed; Avulsed Tooth; Dislocation, Tooth; Tooth Luxation

Networked: 238 relevant articles (11 outcomes, 31 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Tooth Avulsion
2.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma)
3.	Tooth Attrition (Attrition, Dental)
4.	Periodontal Diseases (Periodontal Disease)
5.	Hypercementosis

Experts

1.	Poi, Wilson Roberto: 9 articles (01/2022 - 08/2007)
2.	Panzarini, Sônia Regina: 7 articles (01/2022 - 08/2007)
3.	Andersson, Lars: 6 articles (04/2020 - 04/2006)
4.	Sonoda, Celso Koogi: 6 articles (09/2013 - 08/2007)
5.	Emerich, Katarzyna: 5 articles (07/2013 - 05/2010)
6.	Al-Asfour, Adel: 4 articles (10/2008 - 04/2006)
7.	Borra, Vere: 3 articles (11/2020 - 10/2020)
8.	Singletary, Eunice M: 3 articles (11/2020 - 10/2020)
9.	Zideman, David A: 3 articles (11/2020 - 10/2020)
10.	Nelson-Filho, Paulo: 3 articles (02/2018 - 02/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Tooth Avulsion:

1.	Calcium HydroxideIBA 08/01/2011 - "Calcium hydroxide formulations are also used during treatment of root perforations, root fractures and root resorption and have a role in dental traumatology, for example, following tooth avulsion and luxation injuries. " 01/01/2018 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of acetazolamide and its association with the calcium hydroxide in rat subcutaneous tissues as an intracanal medication for an avulsed tooth. " 10/01/2009 - "This was a randomized crossover study comparing 3 splinting techniques for managing a traumatically avulsed tooth (periodontal pack, wire, and bondable reinforcement ribbon) and 2 bandage techniques for managing a fractured tooth (calcium hydroxide paste and light-cured composite). "
2.	Ointments (Pastes)IBA 10/01/2009 - "This was a randomized crossover study comparing 3 splinting techniques for managing a traumatically avulsed tooth (periodontal pack, wire, and bondable reinforcement ribbon) and 2 bandage techniques for managing a fractured tooth (calcium hydroxide paste and light-cured composite). "
3.	SaltsIBA 02/01/2015 - "Oral rehydration salt-liquid as a storage medium for avulsed tooth." 01/01/2008 - "Comparative evaluation of maintenance of cell viability of an experimental transport media "coconut water" with Hank's balanced salt solution and milk, for transportation of an avulsed tooth: An in vitro cell culture study." 02/01/2013 - "Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) and milk have gained wide acceptance as storage media for avulsed tooth. " 01/01/2017 - "In vitro comparative evaluation of different storage media (hank's balanced salt solution, propolis, Aloe vera, and pomegranate juice) for preservation of avulsed tooth." 10/01/2020 - "The limited evidence available favors storing an avulsed tooth in Hank's balanced salt solution (pooled SMD 2.47, 95% CI [1.59;3.34], P < .00001), propolis solution (pooled SMD 1.73, 95% CI [1.12;2.33], P < .00001), oral rehydration salts (pooled SMD 4.16, 95% CI [2.10;6.23], P < .0001), rice water, and cling film compared with storage in milk. "
4.	Ringer's LactateIBA 01/01/2015 - "The results indicated that there was no difference in cell viability between the four media up to a period of 60 min, whereas green tea extract showed a lower cell viability after 90 min. Within the limitations of the present study, it appears that due to superior osmolality, cost effectiveness, and easier availability, Ringer's lactate, tender coconut water, and green tea extract can be used as alternate storage media for avulsed tooth." 05/01/2023 - "Kumar P, Kotumachagi SS, Fabi AJ, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Maintenance of Cell Viability of an Experimental Transport Media "Ringer's Lactate" with Dextrose Normal Saline ORS Egg White and Infant Milk Formula for Transportation of an Avulsed Tooth. " 05/01/2023 - "Comparative Evaluation of Maintenance of Cell Viability of an Experimental Transport Media "Ringer's Lactate" with Dextrose Normal Saline ORS Egg White and Infant Milk Formula for Transportation of an Avulsed Tooth." 05/01/2023 - "The aim of the present study is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of Ringer's lactate (RL) as a storage medium for an avulsed tooth in maintaining the PDL cell viability with dextrose normal saline (DNS), oral rehydration salt (ORS), egg white (EW), and infant milk formula (IMF). "
5.	SolutionsIBA 12/01/2017 - "An avulsed tooth must be stored in a solution which maintains periodontal ligament (PDL) cell viability. " 02/01/2006 - "The ideal replantation should be realized as quickly as possible, or at least, the avulsed tooth should be kept in an adequate solution to preserve the periodontal ligament attached to the root. " 01/01/1990 - "An avulsed tooth that has dried out should be soaked in Hank's solution before replantation to reconstitute degenerated cells." 01/01/2008 - "Comparative evaluation of maintenance of cell viability of an experimental transport media "coconut water" with Hank's balanced salt solution and milk, for transportation of an avulsed tooth: An in vitro cell culture study." 09/01/2014 - "The avulsed tooth soaked in 2.4% fluoride solution for 20 minutes. "
6.	Saline SolutionIBA 05/01/2018 - "Three times as many inexperienced parents as parents with TDI experience would place an avulsed tooth in saline solution. " 10/01/2014 - "34.5% would re-implant the avulsed tooth, 33.4% would maintain the avulsed tooth in handkerchief and 25.3% would maintain it in saline solution. " 04/01/2013 - "It can be recommended to keep the avulsed tooth in saline solution at least when more appropriate storage media are not on handle immediately. " 08/01/2020 - "Only one participant (2%) would maintain the avulsed tooth in saline solution before its replantation. " 05/01/2023 - "Kumar P, Kotumachagi SS, Fabi AJ, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Maintenance of Cell Viability of an Experimental Transport Media "Ringer's Lactate" with Dextrose Normal Saline ORS Egg White and Infant Milk Formula for Transportation of an Avulsed Tooth. "
7.	Propolis (Bee Bread)IBA 01/01/2013 - "The effect of propolis as a biological storage media on periodontal ligament cell survival in an avulsed tooth: an in vitro study." 09/01/2013 - "Although these storage media can now be purchased in the form of retail products, the most common scenario is that such a product will not be readily available at the moment of the accident This paper reviews the literature on the different storage media that have been investigated for avulsed teeth based on full-length papers retrieved from PubMed/Medline, Lilacs, BBO and SciELO electronic databases using the key words 'storage medium', 'transportation medium', 'avulsion', 'tooth avulsion', 'replantation', 'tooth replantation', 'milk' and 'propolis'. " 01/01/2017 - "In vitro comparative evaluation of different storage media (hank's balanced salt solution, propolis, Aloe vera, and pomegranate juice) for preservation of avulsed tooth." 10/01/2020 - "The limited evidence available favors storing an avulsed tooth in Hank's balanced salt solution (pooled SMD 2.47, 95% CI [1.59;3.34], P < .00001), propolis solution (pooled SMD 1.73, 95% CI [1.12;2.33], P < .00001), oral rehydration salts (pooled SMD 4.16, 95% CI [2.10;6.23], P < .0001), rice water, and cling film compared with storage in milk. "
8.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 01/01/1989 - "Administration of antibiotics is usually recommended when an avulsed tooth is replanted although: a. " 02/01/2010 - "In tooth avulsion with subsequent replantation, cleansing of the root surface for contamination and systemic antibiotics has been considered essential for pulp and periodontal healing. " 11/01/2012 - "After storage in normal saline, the root surface of the avulsed tooth was conditioned with citric acid and treated with a triple antibiotic solution. " 12/01/2022 - "The studies evaluated plasma rich in growth factors inserted into the postextraction alveolus in addition to standardised medical and surgical care versus standardised medical and surgical care alone (RR 0.08, 95% CI 0.00 to 1.51, 176 participants); delicate surgery and closure by primary intention versus non-traumatic tooth avulsion and closure by secondary intention (no case of postoperative MRONJ in either group); primary closure of the extraction socket with a mucoperiosteal flap versus application of platelet-rich fibrin without primary wound closure (no case of postoperative MRONJ in either group); and subperiosteal wound closure versus epiperiosteal wound closure (RR 0.09, 95% CI 0.00 to 1.56, 132 participants). Treatment of MRONJ Eight RCTs examined different interventions for the treatment of established MRONJ; that is, the effect on MRONJ cure rates. One RCT analysed hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment used in addition to standard care (antiseptic rinses, antibiotics, and surgery) compared with standard care alone (at last follow-up: RR 1.56, 95% CI 0.77 to 3.18, 46 participants). Healing rates from MRONJ were not significantly different between autofluorescence-guided bone surgery and conventional bone surgery (RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.37, 30 participants). "
9.	Oxygen (Dioxygen)IBA 11/01/2020 - "This summary addresses the topics of first aid methods of glucose administration for hypoglycemia; techniques for cooling of exertional hyperthermia and heatstroke; recognition of acute stroke; the use of supplementary oxygen in acute stroke; early or first aid use of aspirin for chest pain; control of life- threatening bleeding through the use of tourniquets, haemostatic dressings, direct pressure, or pressure devices; the use of a compression wrap for closed extremity joint injuries; and temporary storage of an avulsed tooth. " 12/01/2022 - "The studies evaluated plasma rich in growth factors inserted into the postextraction alveolus in addition to standardised medical and surgical care versus standardised medical and surgical care alone (RR 0.08, 95% CI 0.00 to 1.51, 176 participants); delicate surgery and closure by primary intention versus non-traumatic tooth avulsion and closure by secondary intention (no case of postoperative MRONJ in either group); primary closure of the extraction socket with a mucoperiosteal flap versus application of platelet-rich fibrin without primary wound closure (no case of postoperative MRONJ in either group); and subperiosteal wound closure versus epiperiosteal wound closure (RR 0.09, 95% CI 0.00 to 1.56, 132 participants). Treatment of MRONJ Eight RCTs examined different interventions for the treatment of established MRONJ; that is, the effect on MRONJ cure rates. One RCT analysed hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment used in addition to standard care (antiseptic rinses, antibiotics, and surgery) compared with standard care alone (at last follow-up: RR 1.56, 95% CI 0.77 to 3.18, 46 participants). Healing rates from MRONJ were not significantly different between autofluorescence-guided bone surgery and conventional bone surgery (RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.37, 30 participants). " 10/20/2020 - "This summary addresses the topics of first aid methods of glucose administration for hypoglycemia; techniques for cooling of exertional hyperthermia and heatstroke; recognition of acute stroke; the use of supplementary oxygen in acute stroke; early or first aid use of aspirin for chest pain; control of life-threatening bleeding through the use of tourniquets, hemostatic dressings, direct pressure, or pressure devices; the use of a compression wrap for closed extremity joint injuries; and temporary storage of an avulsed tooth. "
10.	Glucose (Dextrose)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2020 - "This summary addresses the topics of first aid methods of glucose administration for hypoglycemia; techniques for cooling of exertional hyperthermia and heatstroke; recognition of acute stroke; the use of supplementary oxygen in acute stroke; early or first aid use of aspirin for chest pain; control of life- threatening bleeding through the use of tourniquets, haemostatic dressings, direct pressure, or pressure devices; the use of a compression wrap for closed extremity joint injuries; and temporary storage of an avulsed tooth. " 05/01/2023 - "Kumar P, Kotumachagi SS, Fabi AJ, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Maintenance of Cell Viability of an Experimental Transport Media "Ringer's Lactate" with Dextrose Normal Saline ORS Egg White and Infant Milk Formula for Transportation of an Avulsed Tooth. " 05/01/2023 - "Comparative Evaluation of Maintenance of Cell Viability of an Experimental Transport Media "Ringer's Lactate" with Dextrose Normal Saline ORS Egg White and Infant Milk Formula for Transportation of an Avulsed Tooth." 10/20/2020 - "This summary addresses the topics of first aid methods of glucose administration for hypoglycemia; techniques for cooling of exertional hyperthermia and heatstroke; recognition of acute stroke; the use of supplementary oxygen in acute stroke; early or first aid use of aspirin for chest pain; control of life-threatening bleeding through the use of tourniquets, hemostatic dressings, direct pressure, or pressure devices; the use of a compression wrap for closed extremity joint injuries; and temporary storage of an avulsed tooth. " 05/01/2023 - "The aim of the present study is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of Ringer's lactate (RL) as a storage medium for an avulsed tooth in maintaining the PDL cell viability with dextrose normal saline (DNS), oral rehydration salt (ORS), egg white (EW), and infant milk formula (IMF). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Replantation 12/01/2023 - "Tooth avulsion is defined as total tooth displacement from the alveolar socket; the best treatment is replantation of the tooth. " 12/01/2018 - "The best treatment for an avulsed tooth is immediate replantation. " 04/01/2014 - "Reimplantation of the avulsed tooth is considered as a best treatment modality due to its biological and psychological advantages. " 10/01/2010 - "Immediate self-replantation of an avulsed tooth is the best treatment choice, even without any other proceeding treatment. " 09/01/2010 - "In an emergency situation such as tooth avulsion, reimplantation within 30 min is the best treatment option at the site of the accident. "
2.	Tooth Replantation 09/01/2008 - "Late tooth replantation is a worthy procedure, especially in growing patients, being the best option for tooth avulsion. " 01/01/2020 - "The current study confirmed that future primary school teachers have a lack of knowledge for immediate response to tooth avulsion, leaving small chances for a successful prognosis of tooth replantation." 10/01/2011 - "It was evident from this study that there were delayed tooth replantations in many tooth avulsion cases. " 07/01/2020 - "In addition, teachers had little knowledge regarding TDI and the proper emergency management: 91.3% of participants do not know the right storage media for the avulsed tooth, 40.6% have thought that tooth replantation is impossible, and 17.1% would throw an avulsed tooth away, when it fells on the ground. " 05/04/2018 - "The type of storage media for short-term storage of an avulsed tooth is a critical determinant for the success of tooth replantation. "
3.	Bandages (Bandage) 10/01/2009 - "This was a randomized crossover study comparing 3 splinting techniques for managing a traumatically avulsed tooth (periodontal pack, wire, and bondable reinforcement ribbon) and 2 bandage techniques for managing a fractured tooth (calcium hydroxide paste and light-cured composite). "
4.	First Aid (Aids, First) 01/01/2020 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge regarding tooth avulsion and dental first aid response among Croatian students of the Faculty of Education. " 01/01/2018 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of first aid measures for a permanent tooth avulsion among parents in Kuwait and to assess the effect of different sociodemographic characteristics. " 08/01/2012 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of first aid in tooth avulsion among nurses working at schools in Bialystok, Poland. " 09/01/2011 - "The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding tooth avulsion and dental first aid among primary school teachers in Davangere city. " 06/01/2009 - "This study was conducted to assess the first-aid knowledge about tooth avulsion among dentists, doctors, students, school teachers and the general public in Lahore, Pakistan. "
5.	Emergency Treatment 06/01/2009 - "This study showed an overall lack of knowledge of sportsmen and sportswomen with regards to tooth avulsion, thus reinforcing the need for educational campaigns to improve the immediate emergency treatment of tooth avulsion." 04/01/2013 - "The amount of damage to tooth and supporting structures, emergency treatment and follow-up period play a role in the prognosis of the avulsed tooth. " 04/01/2009 - "To get evidence-based clinical papers we did internet search on PubMed, Cochrane, Center of Evidence-Based Dentistry and Knowledge Finder using the clinical question "Emergency Treatment for Avulsed Tooth". " 01/01/2007 - "The majority of teachers possessed inadequate knowledge of emergency treatment of tooth avulsion. " 12/01/1997 - "Successful healing following tooth avulsion depends on the amount of damage to teeth and supporting structures, emergency treatment, and follow-up treatment. "