Thyroiditis

Inflammatory diseases of the THYROID GLAND. Thyroiditis can be classified into acute (THYROIDITIS, SUPPURATIVE), subacute (granulomatous and lymphocytic), chronic fibrous (Riedel's), chronic lymphocytic (HASHIMOTO DISEASE), transient (POSTPARTUM THYROIDITIS), and other AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS subtypes.

Also Known As:

Networked: 2778 relevant articles (64 outcomes, 250 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Graves Disease (Basedow Disease)
2.	Thyroid Diseases (Thyroid Disease)
3.	Hyperthyroidism
4.	Thyrotoxicosis
5.	Hypothyroidism

Experts

1.	Miyauchi, Akira: 16 articles (03/2015 - 01/2004)
2.	Tomer, Yaron: 15 articles (01/2015 - 06/2003)
3.	Rose, Noel R: 14 articles (05/2012 - 02/2002)
4.	Amino, Nobuyuki: 12 articles (03/2015 - 12/2002)
5.	Mori, Kouki: 12 articles (01/2013 - 11/2004)
6.	Yoshida, Katsumi: 11 articles (01/2013 - 11/2004)
7.	Nishihara, Eijun: 10 articles (03/2015 - 01/2006)
8.	Caturegli, Patrizio: 10 articles (02/2013 - 02/2003)
9.	Nagayama, Yuji: 10 articles (11/2011 - 09/2007)
10.	Pinchera, A: 9 articles (03/2013 - 02/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Thyroiditis:

1.	AntibodiesIBA 01/01/1994 - "False positive results obtained in 4 hypothyroid patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (serum TSH concentrations, 11-171 mU/L) could be prevented using anti-TSH antibodies. " 08/01/2010 - "The aim of our study was to examine in vivo whether an hTg peptide that binds strongly and specifically to DRbeta1-Arg74 is capable of stimulating T-cells during the induction of thyroiditis in a "humanized" mouse expressing human DR3, and in patients positive for Tg antibodies. " 03/01/2006 - "The study group included 26 BC patients with thyroperoxidase antibodies positivity (TPOAb+), 14 of them (53.8%) with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and 30 BC patients with no evidence of thyroid autoimmune disorders. " 10/20/1979 - "The present study demonstrates that the serum of one patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis contained antibodies which 1) blocked the binding of lablled TSH to the receptor, 2) had no thyroid-stimulating activity by themselves, and 3) inhibited AC stimulation by TSH. " 11/01/1976 - "Thyroid antibodies in the sera of BUF rats are closely correlated with spontaneous thyroiditis; their detection may facilitate the study of this animal model of organ-specific autoimmunity. "
2.	Thyroxine (Levothyroxine)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2000 - "In a novel departure, the NMR outbred strain has been treated by genetic immunisation with very promising results, including the induction of increased thyroxine levels in 4/30 female mice, accompanied by TSAB in addition to thyroiditis, and with signs of hyperactivity and orbital pathology. " 10/01/2010 - "Although it is known that Hashimoto's thyroiditis in children and adolescents can go into long-term remission, and that treatment with thyroxine (T4) may not be necessary, it is difficult to quantify changes in the degree of autoimmune destruction of the thyroid. " 01/01/2011 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical course of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) in children and adolescents and the effects of levothyroxine therapy on the clinical course and laboratory findings. " 08/01/2010 - "The aim of this study was to determine the impact of pregnancy on Hashimoto's thyroiditis as revealed by changes in postpregnancy levothyroxine requirements. " 01/01/2015 - "Age, sex, volume of resected thyroid, thyroiditis, preoperative free T4, TSH, and microsomal antibody levels were analyzed for correlation with postoperative levothyroxine supplementation. "
3.	IodineIBA 07/01/2010 - "These observations may help to delineate the mechanisms by which iodine exacerbates thyroiditis and to explain differences in the host response of genetically susceptible individuals compared to those who are resistant to disease." 09/01/2012 - "A radioactive iodine study revealed severely diminished uptake, suggestive of thyroiditis. " 01/01/2008 - "Pathological studies made in different regions indicate that these types of thyroiditis occur more frequently in areas of iodine sufficiency than in areas of iodine deficiency, and increase after iodine prophylaxis both in non-goitrous and iodine-deficient areas like Salta, Argentina. " 11/01/1993 - "Previous studies have shown that dietary iodine enhances the severity and incidence of focal thyroiditis in autoimmune BB rats and OS chickens. " 12/20/1970 - "1. Studies on relationship between histological picture and iodine metabolism in chronic thyroiditis]."
4.	ThyroglobulinFDA Link 12/01/1984 - "In our studies of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, peripheral lymphocytes of patients produced a significantly greater number of plaques than lymphocytes from normal subjects on challenging with thyroglobulin. " 07/01/1985 - "The induction of tolerance to thyroglobulin significantly reduces the severity of thyroiditis in obese strain chickens." 04/01/1987 - "In serial studies of immunopathologic changes in an animal model of thyroiditis 52 rabbits were immunized with either bovine, porcine or human thyroglobulin (Tg) in Freund's complete adjuvant, while another 47 animals served as noninjected or adjuvant injected controls. " 09/01/1983 - "These studies revealed an abnormal elevation in serum thyroglobulin (Tg) concentrations of the thyroiditis-prone OS chicks. " 11/01/1968 - "Immunochemical studies on the thyroglobulin autoantibody system in human thyroiditis."
5.	papillary Thyroid cancerIBA 06/01/2014 - "The study of the coexistence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with papillary thyroid carcinoma." 07/01/2013 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer with thyroiditis, and to determine the rate of its complications for it. " 07/01/2012 - "Our study showed that IL-1β serum concentrations allow the discrimination between atrophic thyroiditis and papillary thyroid cancer groups (p = 0.027)." 12/01/2011 - "Many studies have reported significant associations between papillary thyroid cancer and Hashimoto's thyroiditis that may have a favorable prognostic significance. " 08/01/2003 - "Based on the results of this study, we conclude that p63 is commonly expressed in papillary thyroid carcinoma and in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. "
6.	HormonesIBA 03/01/2006 - "The treatment of the thyroiditis with suppressive doses of thyroid hormone often results in the remission of the CU. " 08/01/2014 - "The present study was performed to investigate the contribution of ultrasonographic (US) findings to diagnosis in anti-thyroid marker-positive patients with normal hormone levels among euthyroid subjects with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). " 03/01/1990 - "A study comparing the reproductive histories of 89 women affected by Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) with 89 matched controls has been carried out to determine whether endogenous hormones contribute to the development of the disease. " 02/01/1990 - "All patients had severe thyroid hormone deficiency due to chronic thyroiditis and had been receiving no medication at the time of this study. " 11/01/2014 - "Conservative management of pregnancy in patients with resistance to thyroid hormone associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis."
7.	Thyrotropin (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone)FDA Link 10/20/1972 - "[Clinical and pathological studies on 30 biopsy cases of chronic thyroiditis, with special reference to the significance of thyrotropin]." 08/01/2015 - "In patients with elevated serum thyrotropin concentration and/or chronic thyroiditis the occurrence of thyroid malignancy is increased." 04/01/2015 - "Patients with elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (>4.5 mIU/L) or suspected thyroiditis were excluded. " 06/01/2012 - "The factors influencing the next step in management, including age, gender, history of radiation, presence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, and ultrasound characteristics, were evaluated. " 05/01/2012 - "We find that Foxp3(sf/Y) mice have elevated expression of thyroid-stimulating hormone beta (Tshb), suggesting that they may suffer from thyroiditis as well. "
8.	Iodide Peroxidase (Deiodinase)IBA 06/01/2003 - "No such studies, however, have been performed for thyroid peroxidase (TPO), the major autoantigen in human thyroiditis. " 05/01/2012 - "Thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity is associated with symptomatic distress in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis." 07/01/2011 - "This action, which correlates with a reduction in thyroid peroxidase antibody titers, may be associated with clinical benefits in the prevention and management of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, particularly in subjects receiving both agents." 01/01/2010 - "Biochemical testing of thyroid function and Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody was in-keeping with an associated Hashimoto's thyroiditis. " 09/01/2009 - "Grading of thyroiditis and lymphocytic infiltration showed no correlation with the clinical severity of HT, while a high L:E ratio was strongly correlated with thyroid peroxidase positivity (p = 0.004). "
9.	Antithyroid Agents (Antithyroid Drugs)IBA 01/01/2007 - "Patients with thyroiditis or long history of antithyroid drugs for more than one year were excluded from the study. " 04/01/2012 - "The discussed case shows difficulties in diagnosis of inflammatory processes in the thyroid gland and indicates that antithyroid drugs may be effective agents in hyperthyroid patients with painful Hashimoto's thyroiditis." 09/06/1951 - "Treatment of acute thyroiditis with antithyroid drugs." 01/01/1988 - "The possible immunosuppressive action of antithyroid drugs in vivo has been assessed using Buffalo (Buf) strain rats with thyroiditis produced by neonatal thymectomy; this model shares many features with spontaneous thyroiditis in man. " 09/12/1992 - "Antithyroid drugs, concentrated within thyroid cells, will prevent the release of these inflammatory molecules, which may in turn explain the amelioration of thyroiditis and remission of Graves' disease after such treatment."
10.	SeleniumIBA 03/01/2014 - "In conclusion, the results of these four studies, assessed at unclear to high risk of bias, show that evidence to support or refute the efficacy of selenium supplementation in people with Hashimoto's thyroiditis is incomplete and not reliable to help inform clinical decision making. " 01/01/2013 - "The current level of evidence for the efficacy of selenium supplementation in the management of people with Hashimoto's thyroiditis is based on four randomised controlled trials assessed at unclear to high risk of bias; this does not at present allow confident decision making about the use of selenium supplementation for Hashimoto's thyroiditis. " 02/01/2013 - "Selenium administration seems to be beneficial for reducing the incidence of thyroiditis. " 01/01/2013 - "Results of these four studies show that evidence to support or refute the efficacy of selenium supplementation in people with Hashimoto's thyroiditis is incomplete. " 01/01/2013 - "This review highlights the need for randomised placebo-controlled trials to evaluate the effects of selenium in people with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and can ultimately provide reliable evidence to help inform clinical decision making."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Thyroidectomy 12/01/1986 - "In a consecutive series of thyroidectomies over a 22-year period, all patients with factors predisposing them to neoplasia, such as a history of radiation exposure and thyroiditis, were eliminated. " 09/01/2011 - "In this study, patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and significant symptoms were evaluated for improvement or resolution of preoperative symptoms after thyroidectomy. " 06/01/1998 - "The objective of the present investigation was to study quantitatively C cells in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) by analyzing 22 thyroids obtained at autopsy or thyroidectomy from 16 patients with thyroiditis and from 6 normal subjects. " 06/01/1994 - "Those who underwent total thyroidectomy (n = 14), in whom the histological diagnosis was thyroiditis (n = 10), or who were lost to follow up (n = 31) were excluded from the study. " 06/01/1981 - "The incidence of chronic (Hashimoto's) thyroiditis in surgical specimens is relatively high, i.e., 13% in collected studies, for a disease with clinical and laboratory characteristics that are sufficiently specific, that thyroidectomy should rarely be required for diagnosis or treatment. "
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 10/01/1981 - "Tuberculous thyroiditis cured by drug therapy." 01/01/2005 - "There is no evidence that chemotherapy can influence the thyroid function, but radiotherapy can cause thyroiditis with later hypofunction. " 11/01/1999 - "Considering the clinical course in this case, thyroidectomy may be indicated for lymphoproliferative diseases in Hashimoto's thyroiditis treated with chemotherapy." 07/01/1987 - "Acute thyroiditis as a complication of chemotherapy administration through a Hickman catheter." 11/01/1990 - "Studies were conducted in hypothyroid patients, and significant reductions in R-R interval variations were observed in patients with primary severe hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and in patients with Graves' disease who became severely hypothyroid during antithyroid drug therapy. "
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 04/01/2004 - "We have evaluated both assays (TRAb and pCTTRAb) in 300 individuals: healthy controls (n = 51); patients with GD before and after treatment (n = 200), patients with MNG (n = 29), and Hashimoto's thyroiditis [HT; n = 20]). " 11/01/1994 - "Interestingly, the TGPO aAb level significantly decreased in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis after hormonal therapy (P < 0.05), some of them shifting from TGPO aAb positive before treatment to negative after treatment. " 07/01/1991 - "To investigate the immune regulating effect of moxibustion on the patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 35 patients were treated by moxibustion and the changes of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity in the peripheral blood of the patients and their relationship with thyroid microsomal antibody (MCA) before and after treatment were observed. " 04/01/1997 - "Twelve were in remission after treatment for Graves' disease, and 4 had destructive thyroiditis. " 03/01/2013 - "Hematologic Recovery of Pancytopenia after Treatment of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Primary Adrenal Insufficiency."
4.	Neck Dissection (Radical Neck Dissection) 12/01/2008 - "Radiotherapy dose, type of laryngectomy, extent of neck dissection, implementation of thyroid lobectomy, and presence of thyroiditis in specimens were risk factors for thyroid dysfunction. " 05/01/2008 - "We present a case of new-onset atrial fibrillation as a consequence of palpation thyroiditis in a 70-year-old man who underwent radical right neck dissection for malignant melanoma and review the limited literature on this topic. " 04/01/2009 - "From data obtained, possible greatest efficacy of central neck dissection in pT3-4 papillary thyroid cancer without thyroiditis is suggested."
5.	Moxibustion 03/01/1993 - "A study on the clinical effect and immunological mechanism in the treatment of Hashimoto's thyroiditis by moxibustion." 09/01/1987 - "A clinical study of treating Hashimoto's thyroiditis by moxibustion." 02/01/2012 - "To explore the effects on thyroid function in patients of Hashimoto's thyroiditis treated with aconite cake-separated moxibustion and option the better therapeutic program. " 02/01/2012 - "[Effect of aconite cake-separated moxibustion at Guanyuan (CV 4) and Mingmen (GV 4) on thyroid function in patients of Hashimoto's thyroiditis]." 03/01/1996 - "Clinical observation on Hashimoto's thyroiditis treated by indirect moxibustion with various Chinese medicines."