Thyroid Neoplasms (Thyroid Cancer)

11/15/2012 - "It cannot be ruled out that iodine supplementation may play a role for the risk of thyroid cancer, but as the strongest increase in incidence began in the years before the implementation, it is likely that improvement in diagnostic modalities increased diagnostic activity, and/or new unknown risk factors are also important contributors to the increase."
01/01/2012 - "The vast majority of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) are treated successfully with surgery and radioactive iodine ablation, yet the treatment of advanced cases is frustrating and largely ineffective. "
10/01/2015 - "To improve the efficacy of radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer patients, a low-iodine diet (LID) prior to the therapy is recommended. "
01/01/2014 - "Overall, this suggests that the use of AMPK modulating compounds may be useful for the enhancement of iodide uptake by thyrocytes, which could be useful for the treatment of thyroid cancer patients with radioactive iodine."
05/01/2006 - "Trials evaluating the efficacy of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents in iodine-refractory thyroid carcinoma and current novel therapeutic approaches will be emphasized."

02/01/2014 - "Thyroglobulin (Tg), the most common marker to determine remission of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), can take 18 months or longer to be undetectable. "
09/01/2005 - "In addition presurgical serum thyroglobulin levels were not correlated with the disease outcome after a mean follow-up of 9 years: no difference was found among patients in complete remission or with persistent disease or dead from thyroid cancer. "
05/01/1978 - "Presently, it appears that reverse T3 and 3,3'T2 measurements in amniotic fluid and cord serum may potentially be useful in diagnosing fetal or neonatal thyroid dysfunction, and serum thyroglobulin measurements appear to be important as a measure of the efficacy of treatment of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma."
02/01/2014 - "(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has proved effective in detecting recurrent or metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) in the follow-up of operated DTC patients with high thyroglobulin (Tg) levels and negative findings on radioiodine whole-body scan. "
02/01/2001 - "Efficacy of high therapeutic doses of iodine-131 in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and detectable serum thyroglobulin."

06/01/2010 - "We conclude that in patients with cured differentiated thyroid carcinoma, the D2 Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with a decreased femoral neck BMD and higher bone turnover independent of serum thyroid hormone levels, which points to a potential functional role for D2 in bone."
11/01/2001 - "Recombinant TSH is effective in providing exogenous TSH stimulation for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer on thyroid hormone-suppressive therapy. "
12/09/1995 - "In addition, recombinant TSH was recently shown to be effective in stimulating radioiodine uptake in patients with residual differentiated thyroid cancer who remained on suppressive thyroid hormone therapy. "
10/01/2010 - "We evaluated the efficacy of two doses of I-131 (2220 MBq versus 3700 MBq) after thyroid hormone withdrawal for thyroid remnant ablation postoperatively in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). "
09/01/2008 - "Thyroid hormone suppression therapy is associated with decreased recurrence rates and improved survival in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. "

05/01/2014 - "Sorafenib has proven efficacy in advanced differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), but many patients must reduce the dose or discontinue treatment because of toxicity. "
01/01/2015 - "In this study we aim to better characterize molecular effects and efficacy of sorafenib against thyroid carcinoma cells with various histological origins and different BRAF mutational status. "
03/01/2011 - "To investigate the efficacy of sorafenib in progressive metastatic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC), for which there is currently no effective treatment. "
11/01/2014 - "Efficacy of sorafenib and impact on cardiac function in patients with thyroid cancer: a retrospective analysis."
02/01/2014 - "To investigate the efficacy of sorafenib in progressive radioiodine resistant metastatic thyroid carcinoma. "

06/01/2015 - "Postoperative radioiodine remnant ablation and strict suppression of serum thyrotropin, although effective for the more aggressive forms of thyroid cancer, have not been shown to be beneficial for the treatment of low risk patients, and may impair their quality of life. "
08/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of post-operative radioiodine ablation with 1,850 MBq after recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) administration in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). "
04/01/2005 - "Recombinant human thyrotropin is helpful in the follow-up and 131I therapy of patients with thyroid cancer: a report of the results and benefits using recombinant human thyrotropin in clinical routine."
01/01/2016 - "Several recent studies have illuminated our understanding of the benefits and risks of thyrotropin suppression therapy in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. "
07/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH) on sustaining liver and renal function in thyroid cancer patients during radioiodine therapy (RIT). "

05/01/2000 - "Improved diagnostic methods in the follow-up of medullary thyroid carcinoma by highly specific calcitonin measurements."
05/01/2013 - "False positive results using calcitonin as a screening method for medullary thyroid carcinoma."
01/01/2013 - "The malignant transformation of thyroid C cells is associated with an increase in human calcitonin (hCT), which can thus be helpful in the early diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). "
04/01/2005 - "Prospects of remission in medullary thyroid carcinoma according to basal calcitonin level."
04/15/2000 - "Improved prediction of calcitonin normalization in medullary thyroid carcinoma patients by quantitative lymph node analysis."

10/01/2014 - "The aim of the study was to investigate the changes in the thyroid axis setpoint after long-term suppressive levothyroxine therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma and the resulting changes in levothyroxine requirement. "
12/01/2009 - "In the present investigation, to confirm normal foetal growth and foetal thyroid development, an ultrasound study of the foetal thyroid was performed in 40 full term pregnancies in 32 women receiving levothyroxine treatment for previously treated thyroid cancer. "
09/01/2008 - "Sixty-six patients, 22 pre-menopausal women, 33 post-menopausal women and 11 men, who had received iodine-131 ((131)I) ablation postoperatively for well differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC) and were treated for a long term with levothyroxine (T(4)), entered the study and were compared with sixty-six healthy controls individually matched to the patients for age, gender and menopausal status. "
12/01/2006 - "Twenty-five subjects with a history of differentiated thyroid carcinoma with > 10 years TSH-suppressive therapy with l-thyroxine completed the study. "
03/01/2006 - "Twenty-four subjects with a history of differentiated thyroid carcinoma with > 10 years TSH-suppressive therapy with L-thyroxine completed the study. "

09/01/1996 - "In contrast, only 20% of papillary thyroid carcinoma/mixed-cell thyroid carcinoma showed progressive disease, and complete remission was achieved in 47% of patients. "
09/01/2008 - "During the past decades significant increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer was recorded worldwide, mainly due to increase in the incidence of papillary thyroid cancer, probably due to improved diagnostics. "
01/01/2012 - "Due to the growing incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and in particular of small papillary thyroid cancer observed in the last few decades, the indications, the activity of radioiodine (131I) to be administered, and the efficacy of post surgical thyroid 131I remnant ablation (RRA) have been widely discussed. "
06/01/2015 - "This study included 38 medullary thyroid carcinoma nodules and 91 papillary thyroid carcinoma nodules, which were confirmed by pathologic examination between May 2008 and September 2013. "
10/01/2013 - "In the present study, we describe a novel model of metastatic human thyroid carcinoma by combining ASCs with the papillary thyroid cancer, K1 cell line. "

04/01/2009 - "The rate of Hürthle cell thyroid cancer was significantly higher in HN than in FN (5.0% vs. 0.7%, p < 0.01) and the rate of the oncocytic variant of PTC was also significantly greater in HN compared to FN nodules (23.1% vs. 1.7%, p < 0.05). "
02/01/2015 - "BRAF(V600E) mutation analysis is superior to RAS point mutations and evaluation of RET/PTC rearrangements in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer, even in indeterminate lesions."
01/01/2015 - "Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of the genetic basis of thyroid carcinoma susceptibility in two different case scenarios such as sMTC and juvenile PTC."
01/01/2015 - "The study identified 7 BRAF-induced genes that are specific for BRAF V600E-driven PTC and not previously reported as related to BRAF mutation or thyroid carcinoma: MMD, ITPR3, AACS, LAD1, PVRL3, ALDH3B1, and RASA1. "
11/01/2014 - "Of the 1,508 patients included in the study, 96 (6.4%) had thyroid cancer, and the incidence of PTC was similar between the 3 groups. "

11/01/2004 - "Identification of RET kinase inhibitors as potential new treatment for sporadic and inherited thyroid cancer."
12/01/2015 - " aim of our study was to investigate whether the downstream signalling pathway of BRAF and AKT kinase signalling pathways were active in BRAF V600E mutated thyroid carcinoma cells. "
05/01/2014 - "This update reviews the molecular genetics of thyroid cancer and the clinical trials evaluating kinase inhibitors (KIs) in patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease. "
05/01/2014 - "Update: the status of clinical trials with kinase inhibitors in thyroid cancer."
02/14/2013 - "We conducted a study to determine whether the MAPK kinase (MEK) 1 and MEK2 inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886) could reverse refractoriness to radioiodine in patients with metastatic thyroid cancer. "

05/01/1999 - "We believe that the best treatment for most patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma is near-total thyroidectomy followed by 131I ablation of the thyroid remnant, which in our experience reduces the recurrence rate, improves survival and facilitates follow-up. "
08/01/2015 - "Determinants of successful ablation and complete remission after total thyroidectomy and ¹³¹I therapy of paediatric differentiated thyroid cancer."
01/01/1995 - "Assessment of the morphological patterns of differentiated thyroid carcinoma reveals a marked predomination of noncomplicated histologic variants, enabling the wide use of minor conservative operative procedures, compared to thyroidectomy, with a positive outcome. "
03/01/2011 - "Robotic thyroidectomy using gasless transaxillary method was feasible, safe, and provided good outcomes for patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. "
10/01/1984 - "The efficacy of high doses of radioiodine for total ablation of functional remnants left behind after total surgical thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer decreases with the number of treatments as well with the course of therapy. "

01/01/2008 - "A multimodality therapeutic approach comprising surgery, radioiodine and external beam radiotherapy may give the best results for patients in whom thyroid cancer is occluding the great veins."
05/01/1985 - "Surgery is the most effective treatment for thyroid cancer; however, in some subsets of patients, the role of radiotherapy (RT) is important. "
06/01/2006 - "External-beam radiotherapy was found to be effective, particularly in patients with thyroid cancer invading the trachea with microscopic or gross residuum after conservative surgery."
06/01/1990 - "[Undifferentiated thyroid cancer: improved therapeutic results following initial radical intervention and early postoperative radiotherapy]."
05/01/2011 - "Studies of the atomic bomb survivors and populations treated with radiotherapy have established radiation as a risk factor for thyroid cancer, particularly from early life exposure. "

09/01/2011 - "This retrospective study compared the efficacy of surgery alone versus surgery in combination with chemotherapy in the treatment of canine thyroid carcinoma; potential prognostic factors were evaluated. "
02/01/2012 - "Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 29 patients with locally advanced follicular or Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma: a phase 2 study."
07/01/2007 - "Although traditional chemotherapy has yielded disappointing results in the therapy of progressive metastatic thyroid cancer, the recent development of a wide range of novel therapies targeting critical steps in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer has led to a renewed interest in thyroid cancer clinical trials. "
09/01/2002 - "In conclusion, the response rate of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer to chemotherapy observed in this study was favorable and promising. "
09/01/2002 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate whether increasing the metabolic rate of thyroid cancer cells by TSH stimulation might result in higher response rate to chemotherapy. "

12/01/2006 - "Although surgery has been the mainstay of treatment for patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer, the extents of thyroid resection and lymph node dissection adopted in Japan differ from those in other countries. "
05/01/2004 - "It may be helpful in avoiding unnecessary lymph node dissection and improving quality of life in patients with thyroid cancer."
01/01/2000 - "Staging and score systems may be helpful in calculating prognosis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma, but the benefit of systematic lymphadenectomy remains controversial."
09/01/2015 - "Aim of the study is the analysis of surgical morbidity in cervical lymphadenectomy for thyroid cancer. "
01/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to explore a new method to identify and protect parathyroid glands in neck lymph node dissection for patients with thyroid cancer. "

01/01/2012 - "To explore the safety and efficacy of central compartment neck dissection (CCND) in the treatment of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC) recurrences in the central compartment of the neck. "
08/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to determine the technical feasibility and intraoperative safety of robotic lateral neck dissection in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). "
04/01/2014 - "The purpose of the study was to assess the feasibility of secondary neck dissections (ND) in different types of thyroid cancer (TC), to evaluate the influence of ND extent on morbidity and to describe biochemical and clinical outcomes. "
02/01/2014 - "In this study, we present the rationale for central neck dissection in the management of differentiated thyroid carcinoma, providing some anatomical reflections on surgical technique, oncological considerations and analysis of complications. "
09/01/2013 - "The purpose of this study was to examine the results of selective lateral compartment neck dissection (LCND) for thyroid cancer. "