Tetrazolium Salts

Quaternary salts derived from tetrazoles. They are used in tests to distinguish between reducing sugars and simple aldehydes, for detection of dehydrogenase in tissues, cells, and bacteria, for determination of corticosteroids, and in color photography. (From Mall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed, p455)

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Networked: 107 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 7 trials/studies)

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Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Gao, Ling-Juan: 2 articles (08/2018 - 02/2018)
2.	Chng, Elaine Lay Khim: 2 articles (07/2014 - 01/2014)
3.	Pumera, Martin: 2 articles (07/2014 - 01/2014)
4.	Sofer, Zdeněk: 2 articles (07/2014 - 01/2014)
5.	Teo, Wei Zhe: 2 articles (07/2014 - 01/2014)
6.	Fernández-Gutiérrez, Alberto: 2 articles (09/2010 - 05/2010)
7.	Segura-Carretero, Antonio: 2 articles (09/2010 - 05/2010)
8.	Alonso-Peña, Marta: 1 article (11/2022)
9.	Andrade, Raul J: 1 article (11/2022)
10.	Briz, Oscar: 1 article (11/2022)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2023 - "Cytotoxicity was evaluated in monolayer and in multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) models by the water-soluble tetrazolium salt,MTS, proliferation assay and Cell Titer Glo 3D cell viability assay, respectively. " 01/01/2023 - "The tetrazolium salts are stable in blood serum for over 24 h, and antiproliferative activities at micromolar levels were recorded in a panel of cancer cell lines. " 12/01/2016 - "Inhibitory effect of EESR on cancer cell growth and proliferation was determined by water-soluble tetrazolium salt assay. " 01/01/2014 - "The cellular effects of PACE4 knockdown were assessed (1) in vitro using two tetrazolium salts (MTT and XTT assays) and (2) in vivo using a tumor xenograft approach in immunodeficient mice (Nu/Nu). " 05/01/2010 - "In addition, we employed tetrazolium salt (MTT)-based assays to assess the effects of olive leaf extracts on the growth of human tumor-derived cells. "
2.	Hypoxia (Hypoxemia) 05/01/1991 - "The tetrazolium salt reaction previously proposed for the mapping of hypoxia has been improved by the use of polyvinyl alcohol as a tissue stabilizer. "
3.	Necrosis 10/01/1985 - "The findings of the present study reveal the nature of the reactions used for detection of necrosis in tissues with tetrazolium salts." 01/01/1971 - "Tetrazolium salt and electron-microscopic studies of cellular degeneration and necrosis in the interdigital areas of the developing chick limb." 11/01/1989 - "Furthermore, histology from the 24 h reperfused group revealed that hSOD did not delay the onset of necrosis but rather simply caused dead tissue to retain its ability to reduce the tetrazolium salts." 11/01/1987 - "At the end of each experiment, tetrazolium salt staining was used for macroscopic detection of myocardial necrosis. " 01/01/2011 - "The MTS (tetrazolium salt) colorimetric assay was used to determine effects on cell viability, while necrosis and apoptosis induction were investigated using flow cytometry (propidium iodide and Annexin-V staining, resp.). "
4.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis) 03/01/2016 - "The purpose of this research was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of chitosans with different degrees of acetylation (DA) and molecular weights (MW), as well as the effect of their positive ionic charges controlled by pH on bladder carcinoma cells (RT112 and RT112cp) using the tetrazolium salt colorimetric (MTT) assay. " 07/28/2014 - "Based on the cell viability assessments using methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-8) assays on human lung carcinoma epithelial cells (A549) following a 24 h exposure to varying concentrations of the three exTMDs, it was concluded that MoS2 and WS2 nanosheets induced very low cytotoxicity to A549 cells, even at high concentrations. " 01/21/2014 - "24 h exposure of human lung carcinoma epithelial cells (A549) to the three halogenated graphenes and subsequent cell viability assessments using methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-8) assays revealed that all the halogenated graphenes examined are rather cytotoxic at the concentrations tested (3.125 μg mL(-1) to 200 μg mL(-1)) and the effects are dose-dependent, with TRGO-Cl reducing the cell viability to as low as 25.7% at the maximum concentration of 200 μg mL(-1). " 09/01/2005 - "The in vitro cytotoxicity of formaldehyde, the selected model for soluble air contaminants, was studied using the MTS (tetrazolium salt) assay in two carcinoma cell lines, A549 epithelial lung and HepG2 hepatocarcinoma, and in skin fibroblasts. " 03/01/2016 - "Different human tumor cell lines, by including HCT-8 (colon carcinoma), MDA-MB-435 (melanoma) and SF-295 (glioblastoma) were continuous exposed to guanylhydrazone derivatives for 72 hours and growth inhibition of tumor cell lines and macrophages J774 was measured using tetrazolium salt (MTT) assay. "
5.	Ascites 04/09/1960 - "Viability and tetrazolium salt in ascites tumours." 01/01/1987 - "This study was performed to elaborate the best conditions for measuring the redox activity of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells by using a new tetrazolium salt, cyantolyl tetrazolium chloride (CTC). " 01/01/1987 - "Influence of several substrates and electron carriers on the tetrazolium salt-formazan reaction of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells." 01/01/1985 - "In Ascites tumor cells a fluorescent tetrazolium salt, new synthesized (Stellmach 1984) was tested on its suitability for the histochemical enzyme demonstration. " 01/01/1985 - "[Demonstration of succinate dehydrogenase activity in ascites tumor cells using fluorescent tetrazolium salts]."

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6.	Dexamethasone (Maxidex)
7.	Cytarabine (Cytosar-U)
8.	Chlorides
9.	sulforaphane
10.	myricitrin

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Ligation
3.	Hydrocolloid Bandages (Duoderm)
4.	Photochemotherapy (Photodynamic Therapy)
5.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)