Tenosynovitis

Inflammation of the synovial lining of a tendon sheath. Causes include trauma, tendon stress, bacterial disease (gonorrhea, tuberculosis), rheumatic disease, and gout. Common sites are the hand, wrist, shoulder capsule, hip capsule, hamstring muscles, and Achilles tendon. The tendon sheaths become inflamed and painful, and accumulate fluid. Joint mobility is usually reduced.

Also Known As:

Networked: 613 relevant articles (57 outcomes, 73 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Rheumatoid Arthritis
2.	Synovitis
3.	Arthritis (Polyarthritis)
4.	Pain (Aches)
5.	Osteoarthritis

Experts

1.	Naredo, Esperanza: 5 articles (01/2017 - 09/2012)
2.	Reijnierse, Monique: 4 articles (10/2022 - 05/2015)
3.	van der Helm-van Mil, Annette H M: 4 articles (10/2022 - 05/2015)
4.	Østergaard, Mikkel: 4 articles (10/2017 - 05/2015)
5.	Lui, Tun Hing: 4 articles (06/2017 - 03/2015)
6.	Conaghan, Philip G: 3 articles (11/2021 - 10/2007)
7.	Emery, Paul: 3 articles (11/2021 - 10/2007)
8.	Hensor, Elizabeth M A: 3 articles (11/2021 - 10/2007)
9.	Kawakami, Atsushi: 3 articles (10/2019 - 05/2013)
10.	Nakamura, Hideki: 3 articles (10/2019 - 05/2013)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Tenosynovitis:

1.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 10/01/2021 - "Most cases of de Quervain tenosynovitis can be managed with nonoperative measures, and the mainstay of treatment is corticosteroid injection (CSI). " 09/03/2021 - "Although corticosteroid treatment is effective in the treatment of de Quervain's tenosynovitis in healthy and diabetic individuals, the results are worse in diabetic patients than in healthy patients. " 06/01/2014 - "There is no consensus on the management of De Quervain's tenosynovitis, but local corticosteroid injection is considered the mainstay of treatment. " 01/01/1991 - "The medical management of flexor tenosynovitis with local corticosteroid injection(s) is effective in nearly 90% of cases and is free from serious adverse reactions." 02/01/2011 - "Improved corticosteroid treatment of recalcitrant de Quervain tenosynovitis with a novel 4-point injection technique."
2.	SteroidsIBA 03/01/2023 - "De Quervain's tenosynovitis: a non-randomized two-armed study comparing ultrasound-guided steroid injection with surgical release." 10/01/2021 - "Patients with additional ultrasound proven tenosynovitis received steroid injection. " 12/01/2019 - "Mycobacterium marinum Tenosynovitis following Steroid Injection in an Avid Seaman from Long Island, New York." 08/01/2016 - "It is indicated when extensor tenosynovitis persists despite adequate medical treatments including medications, immobilization, and steroid injection. " 04/01/2016 - "Role of Guided Ultrasound in the Treatment of De Quervain Tenosynovitis by Local Steroid Infiltration."
3.	GlucocorticoidsIBA 12/21/2017 - "Magnetic resonance imaging revealed flexor hallucis longus tenosynovitis, which improved after local glucocorticoid injection." 03/01/2018 - "Furthermore, tenosynovitis responded significantly better clinically and by ultrasound assessment when treated with ultrasound guided intratenosynovial glucocorticoid injection com-pared to intramuscular glucocorticoid injection, both at 4 and 12 week follow-ups." 01/01/2017 - "In this randomised double-blind clinical trial, patients with RA and tenosynovitis responded significantly better to US-guided intratenosynovial glucocorticoid injection than to intramuscular glucocorticoid injection, both at 4 and 12 weeks follow-up. " 03/01/2018 - "For treatment of tenosynovitis in rheumatoid arthritis patients, remission (ultrasound tenosynovitis grey scale score ≤1 and Doppler score = 0) was achieved significantly more frequently in the ultrasound guided intratenosynovial glucocorticoid injection group than in the intramuscular glucocorticoid injection group, both at 4 and 12 week follow-ups. " 01/01/2017 - "The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of intramuscular versus ultrasound (US)-guided intratenosynovial glucocorticoid injection in providing disease control after 2, 4 and 12 weeks in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) with tenosynovitis. "
4.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 11/17/2010 - "Furthermore, locally administered antibiotics may be effective for the treatment of pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis." 09/01/2015 - "These studies showed benefits of early treatment of pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis and of systemic antibiotic use. " 01/01/2023 - "Antibiotics Versus Surgery in Treatment of Early Flexor Tenosynovitis." 12/01/2022 - "A Comparison of Parenteral and Per-Oral Antibiotic Usage in Pyogenic Flexor Tenosynovitis: A Retrospective Study." 10/01/2022 - "Use of antibiotics in pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis."
5.	Antirheumatic Agents (DMARD)IBA 12/01/2021 - "PD synovitis and GS tenosynovitis may be useful to identify RA patients in risk of relapse after DMARD tapering." 12/01/2021 - "Synovitis and Tenosynovitis on Ultrasound as Predictors of DMARD Tapering Failure in Patients with Long-Standing Rheumatoid Arthritis in Clinical Remission or Low Disease Activity." 09/01/2019 - "To identify synovitis and tenosynovitis active by using the Ultrasound 7 (US 7) scoring system in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in clinical remission induced by synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). " 12/01/2021 - "This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of synovitis and tenosynovitis detected by grayscale (GS) and by power Doppler (PD) ultrasound (US) in relation to failure of tapering disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. " 01/01/2023 - "We assessed the value of US-defined tenosynovitis alongside US-defined synovitis and clinical and serological variables in predicting persistent arthritis in an inception cohort of DMARD-naïve patients with early arthritis. "
6.	VaccinesIBA 07/01/2017 - "Since 2012, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of clinical cases of tenosynovitis in commercial poultry and commercial vaccines are unable to provide adequate levels of protection against disease. " 09/01/1989 - "Experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of simultaneous administration at 1 day of age of the herpes virus of turkeys vaccine (HVT) and viral tenosynovitis (VT) vaccine. " 02/01/2020 - "As the outbreaks have occurred in progenies of vaccinated flocks, it is proposed here that the difference between vaccine and field strains might contribute to the failure of currently available vaccines to induce protective immunity against Ardehal strain and this led to widespread viral tenosynovitis in Iran." 07/01/2017 - "Current commercial vaccine strains belong to the same serotype and are antigenically and serologically distinct from circulating variant field viruses isolated from clinical cases of tenosynovitis. " 04/01/2015 - "These genomic data demonstrate that this PA broiler ARV field strain is a unique tenosynovitis ARV and is different from the traditional ARV vaccine strains. "
7.	Methotrexate (Mexate)FDA LinkGeneric 04/03/2022 - "Twenty-five patients with tenosynovitis (92%) achieved clinical and radiological remission: seven patients achieved remission of tenosynovitis with methotrexate only, and fifteen patients with biological drugs alone or in combination therapy. " 05/01/2015 - "A treat-to-target strategy with methotrexate and intra-articular glucocorticosteroid in patients with ERA effectively decreased synovitis, osteitis and tenosynovitis and halted structural damage progression as judged by MRI. " 03/01/2016 - "The aim of the study was to investigate the predictive value of different reduced joint ultrasound (US) assessments of synovitis and tenosynovitis in relation to unstable remission in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients on methotrexate therapy. " 09/01/2022 - "Rhupus patients had higher inflammatory markers, significantly more synovial hypertrophy, more erosions, more grade 3 tenosynovitis, and were more likely to receive methotrexate (p<0.001) than patients with SLE arthritis, while patients with Jaccoud's arthropathy were more likely to accumulate damage. " 02/21/2022 - "Seronegative polyarthritis was suspected, but the initiated immunosuppressive treatment with prednisolone and methotrexate resulted in no clinical improvement of the tenosynovitis. "
8.	Etanercept (Enbrel)FDA Link 06/01/2010 - "Scores for tenosynovitis showed a significant reduction in the etanercept group compared with placebo (p=0.01) after 6 weeks of treatment. " 06/01/2010 - "Adding MRI joint synovitis to tenosynovitis scores gave an even higher significant reduction in the etanercept group (p=0.007). " 02/01/2002 - "Effect of etanercept on tenosynovitis and nodules in rheumatoid arthritis." 06/01/2010 - "Rapid reduction in tenosynovitis of the wrist and fingers evaluated by MRI in patients with rheumatoid arthritis after treatment with etanercept." 10/01/2002 - "Mycobacterium marinum tenosynovitis in a patient on etanercept therapy for rheumatoid arthritis."
9.	GadoliniumIBA 02/01/2018 - "Fluid in the finger flexor tendon sheaths may be a normal finding and without gadolinium administration should not be interpreted as tenosynovitis. " 06/01/2010 - "Clinical evaluation, blood tests, functional capacity evaluation and h-MRI were performed at the start of the investigation and at week 6. Tenosynovitis was evaluated on T1-weighted sequences with fat suppression after gadolinium as the presence of a peritendinous signal enhancement on axial images using a new method including wrist and finger tendons. " 05/01/2015 - "To evaluate whether intravenous gadolinium (Gd) contrast administration can be eliminated when evaluating synovitis and tenosynovitis in early arthritis patients, thereby decreasing imaging time, cost, and invasiveness. " 02/11/2022 - "MRI studies were analyzed based on (1) the Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (RAMRIS) and (2) the GBCA-free RAMRIS version, termed RAMRIS Sine-Gadolinium-For-Experts (RAMRIS-SAFE), in which synovitis and tenosynovitis were assessed using the short-tau inversion-recovery sequence instead of the post-contrast T1-weighted sequence. " 05/01/2015 - "• Eliminating gadolinium contrast administration results in low specificity for synovitis • For tenosynovitis, sensitivity is low without gadolinium contrast administration • Gadolinium contrast administration remains essential for evaluating synovitis and tenosynovitis in early arthritis."
10.	Methylprednisolone Acetate (Depo-Medrol)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2014 - "Efficacy of acupuncture versus local methylprednisolone acetate injection in De Quervain's tenosynovitis: a randomized controlled trial." 07/01/2010 - "This study was performed to compare the outcome of methylprednisolone acetate injection plus thumb spica cast versus cast alone for the treatment of de Quervain's tenosynovitis. " 08/01/2020 - "Methylprednisolone acetate injection with casting versus casting alone for the treatment of De-Quervain's Tenosynovitis: a randomized controlled trial." 07/01/2010 - "Methylprednisolone acetate injection plus casting versus casting alone for the treatment of de Quervain's tenosynovitis." 07/01/1991 - "Treatment of De Quervain's tenosynovitis with methylprednisolone acetate injection rapidly controls the signs and symptoms, does not lead to serious adverse reactions, and should be the preferred initial treatment."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Injections 10/27/2009 - "One or two local injections of 1 ml triamcinolonacetonide 10 mg/ml provided by general practitioners leads to improvement in the short term in participants with de Quervain's tenosynovitis when compared to placebo. " 03/01/2016 - "Our study demonstrates superiority of USGI over CBI for CS injections in painful tenosynovitis, having better short-term outcomes measured by functional, clinical and US scores. " 01/01/2022 - "Although the success rate for the treatment of De Quervains tenosynovitis decreases with multiple injections, repeat injections have a high rate of success and are a viable clinical option. " 01/01/2022 - "De Quervain Tenosynovitis: An Evaluation of the Epidemiology and Utility of Multiple Injections Using a National Database." 08/01/2013 - "We are reporting an extremely rare case of a 56-year-old man who had chronic idiopathic isolated finger flexor tenosynovitis which was treated through alcohol injections. "
2.	Therapeutics 11/01/2019 - "These should not be used in isolation; many other therapy techniques have been shown to be effective in the management of De Quervain's tenosynovitis." 05/25/2022 - "The aim of this study was to describe the nonoperative treatment outcomes of finger flexor tenosynovitis in sport climbers and to evaluate the association with baseline measures and therapy contents. " 05/01/2012 - "Radial extracorporeal pressure pulse therapy for the primary long bicipital tenosynovitis a prospective randomized controlled study." 09/01/1967 - "[Studies on the occurrence and therapy of tenosynovitis of the upper extremities]." 12/05/2022 - "Through anatomy, microscope, histopathology, and simulating needle knife operation on specimens, to accumulate the relevant parameters of the A1 pulley of thumb, and to provide an anatomical evidence for the needle knife therapy of stenosing flexor tenosynovitis. "
3.	Debridement 05/01/2022 - "Advanced imaging studies in addition to serial surgical debridement with tissue cultures helped to confirm the diagnosis of flexor tenosynovitis caused by M. heraklionense. " 06/01/2023 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of nontuberculous mycobacterial tenosynovitis and to report the process of diagnosis and the outcomes of surgical debridement and drug administration in South Korea. " 03/22/2023 - "After progression to massive tenosynovitis, the patient was admitted and underwent multiple surgical debridements. " 06/01/2022 - "He was finally diagnosed with Mycobacterium marinum infectious tenosynovitis after repeated surgical debridement. " 01/01/2019 - "The present report demonstrates the techniques of peroneal tendoscopic debridement and endoscopic groove deepening in the prone position to treat peroneal tenosynovitis and low-lying muscle belly of peroneus brevis with a shallow and flat surface of the retro-malleolar groove. "
4.	Tenodesis 08/11/2023 - "This study compared the clinical outcomes of open subpectoral biceps tenodesis and arthroscopic suprapectoral biceps tenodesis for symptomatic biceps tenosynovitis. " 06/01/2017 - "The objective of this study was to assess the outcomes after subpectoral biceps tenodesis (BT) for long head of the biceps (LHB) tenosynovitis in active patients <45 years old. " 06/01/2017 - "Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis for Tenosynovitis of the Long Head of the Biceps in Active Patients Younger Than 45 Years Old." 07/01/2016 - "Although indications used for LHB tenodesis are inconsistently reported, the most common indications include LHB tearing, instability, and tenosynovitis. " 12/01/2003 - "This report describes two dogs with bilateral bicipital tenosynovitis which were managed using double tenodesis. "
5.	Catheters 12/15/2015 - "The hypothesis of this prospective randomised trial is that intraoperative catheter irrigation alone is as effective as a combination of intraoperative and postoperative intermittent catheter irrigation in the treatment of purulent flexor tenosynovitis. " 10/01/2002 - "Closed-catheter irrigation is as effective as open drainage for treatment of pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis." 12/01/2019 - "Continuous Catheter Irrigation for the Treatment of Purulent Tenosynovitis during Two-Stage Flexor Tendon Reconstruction." 11/01/2017 - "Comparison of Open Drainage Versus Closed Catheter Irrigation for Treatment of Suppurative Flexor Tenosynovitis." 03/01/2014 - "An aid to flexor sheath cannulation for closed catheter irrigation of pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis."