T-2 Toxin (T 2 Toxin)

A potent mycotoxin produced in feedstuffs by several species of the genus FUSARIUM. It elicits a severe inflammatory reaction in animals and has teratogenic effects.

Also Known As:

T 2 Toxin; T2 Toxin; Fusariotoxin; T-2 Toxin, alpha,4 beta-Isomer; Toxin, T-2; Toxin, T2; Fusaritoxin; Trichothec-9-ene-3,4,8,15-tetrol, 12,13-epoxy-, 4,15-diacetate 8-(3-methylbutanoate), (3alpha,4beta,8alpha)-

Networked: 367 relevant articles (12 outcomes, 47 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Wu, Qinghua: 14 articles (01/2022 - 12/2014)
2.	Guo, Xiong: 12 articles (03/2022 - 02/2013)
3.	Wu, Wenda: 12 articles (01/2022 - 04/2016)
4.	Chen, Jinghong: 11 articles (02/2022 - 03/2011)
5.	Wang, Xu: 10 articles (06/2021 - 06/2012)
6.	Zhang, Ying: 8 articles (02/2022 - 05/2017)
7.	Zhang, Meng: 7 articles (02/2022 - 05/2017)
8.	Nepovimova, Eugenie: 7 articles (01/2021 - 12/2017)
9.	Wang, Wei: 6 articles (05/2021 - 03/2011)
10.	Li, Yanfei: 5 articles (07/2022 - 08/2019)

Related Diseases

1.	Body Weight (Weight, Body) 07/01/2022 - "In this study, 60 male C57BL/6 mice were exposed T-2 toxin with 0, 0.5, 1 or 2 mg/kg body weight by intragastric administration for 28 days, respectively. " 03/01/2021 - "In this study, male mice were administered with T-2 toxin at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg body weight (BW) for 28 days. " 11/01/2019 - "In this study, male Kunming mice were orally administrated with T-2 toxin at the doses of 0, 0.5, 1 or 2 mg/kg body weight for 28 days. " 08/01/2019 - "In the study, male Kunming mice were orally administrated with T-2 toxin at the doses of 0, 0.5, 1 or 2 mg/kg body weight for 28 days. " 11/09/2015 - "To clarify this point, infantile female rats were given a daily intragastric administration of vehicle or 187.5 μg/kg body weight of T-2 toxin for five consecutive days from postnatal day 15 to 19, and the effects on puberty onset were evaluated in the present study. "
2.	Inflammation (Inflammations) 09/22/2023 - "The T-2 toxin's unique feature is dermal toxicity, characterized by skin inflammation. " 09/15/2023 - "In conclusion, as a consequence of the T-2 toxin activating the JNK molecule, oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage are induced, which impair cellular inflammation." 01/01/2023 - "T-2 toxin-induced intestinal damage with dysregulation of metabolism, redox homeostasis, inflammation, and apoptosis in chicks." 06/01/2020 - "As molecular pathways and mechanisms involved in T-2 toxin-induced inflammatory response are poorly elucidated, we assessed whether miR-155-5p is involved in the inflammation effects mediated by T-2 toxin. " 10/01/2019 - "Currently, T-2 toxin has been reported to cause liver toxicity with the effects of oxidative stress and inflammation; however, the underlying mechanism of T-2 toxin-induced liver injury is not fully understood. "
3.	Poisoning 10/01/2023 - "Heterophil extracellular trap (HET) release was analysed by immunofluorescence and fluorescence microplate.3. The model with T-2 toxin poisoning in chicks was successfully established. " 04/21/2023 - "Oxidative stress is the upstream cause of all pathogenic variables, and is the primary mechanism through which T-2 toxin causes poisoning. " 04/01/2023 - "To further unveil the potential mechanisms involved in T-2 toxin-induced microglial activation, an in vitro model of T-2 toxin (0, 2.5, 5, 10 ng/mL) poisoning was established using BV-2 cells. " 04/01/2023 - "To clarify this point, an in vivo mouse model of T-2 toxin (4 mg/kg) poisoning was established. " 10/01/2020 - "In the present research, supplementation of 0.2 mg/kg SeMet in the diet could effectively alleviate the T-2 toxin poisoning in rabbits."
4.	Cardiotoxicity 11/01/2023 - "Male mice and human cardiomyocytes were subjected to T-2 toxin for 24 h to induce acute cardiotoxicity for in vivo and in vitro studies, respectively. " 03/01/2020 - "Obtained results are essential and crucial for further in vivo experimental studies, including the development of medications able to reduce T-2 toxin-induced cardiotoxicity." 11/01/2023 - "These findings provide novel insights into the mechanism of T-2 toxin-induced cardiotoxicity and suggest that targeting ferroptosis and HO-1 may represent a promising cardioprotective strategy against T-2 toxin." 11/01/2023 - "T-2 toxin is known to be highly toxic to the cardiovascular system, but the precise mechanisms that lead to T-2 toxin-induced cardiotoxicity are not yet fully understood. " 09/01/2022 - "We believe that our review provides new insights in understanding T-2 toxin exposure-induced cardiotoxicity and fuels effective prevention and treatment strategies against this important food-borne toxin-induced health problems."
5.	Atrophy 02/01/1998 - "Taken together, these findings suggest that T-2 toxin-induced thymic atrophy is associated with cell death through a mechanism of apoptosis." 02/01/1998 - "T-2 toxin (1.75 mg/kg) induced maximal atrophy by day 3 with complete recovery by day 7. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the CD4(+)CD8(+) double positive thymocyte population decreased markedly. " 07/01/1993 - "Taken together, these data suggest that lymphocyte progenitors, in contrast to thymocytes, represent highly sensitive targets of T-2 toxin exposure, responsible for thymic atrophy." 07/01/1993 - "These data further indicate that antiproliferative effects of T-2 toxin on thymocytes may contribute limitedly to thymic atrophy observed in vivo. " 07/01/1993 - "These findings suggest that direct cytotoxic effects of T-2 toxin make limited contribution to thymic atrophy production. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
2.	Interleukin-6 (Interleukin 6)
3.	Charcoal (Charbon)
4.	Methylprednisolone
5.	Aspartate Aminotransferases (Aspartate Transaminase)
6.	Alkaline Phosphatase
7.	Alanine Transaminase (SGPT)
8.	Betulinic Acid
9.	Interleukin-10 (Interleukin 10)
10.	Uric Acid (Urate)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Intravenous Administration
2.	Intraperitoneal Injections
3.	Injections
4.	Oral Administration
5.	Therapeutics