Synovitis

Inflammation of a synovial membrane. It is usually painful, particularly on motion, and is characterized by a fluctuating swelling due to effusion within a synovial sac. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Also Known As:

Networked: 2269 relevant articles (135 outcomes, 225 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Rheumatoid Arthritis
2.	Pain (Aches)
3.	Osteitis
4.	Arthritis (Polyarthritis)
5.	Inflammation

Experts

1.	Emery, Paul: 19 articles (01/2016 - 03/2002)
2.	Conaghan, Philip G: 17 articles (01/2015 - 11/2003)
3.	Østergaard, Mikkel: 16 articles (01/2016 - 06/2003)
4.	Baeten, Dominique: 12 articles (01/2012 - 09/2004)
5.	Tak, Paul P: 11 articles (01/2016 - 08/2006)
6.	Hørslev-Petersen, Kim: 10 articles (05/2015 - 11/2005)
7.	Potter, Hollis G: 9 articles (09/2015 - 12/2010)
8.	Emery, P: 9 articles (06/2014 - 05/2001)
9.	Junker, Peter: 8 articles (05/2015 - 11/2005)
10.	Schumacher, H R: 8 articles (03/2010 - 01/2000)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Synovitis:

1.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 09/01/2006 - "He responded dramatically to low-dose corticosteroids, after which his synovitis remarkably improved as observed with DGEFS imaging. " 05/01/2015 - "Patients not taking oral corticosteroids with both Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) remission (≤2.6) and absent synovitis on power Doppler US (PDUS 0) for >6 months were invited to reduce their anti-TNF therapy dose by one-third. " 01/01/2013 - "Generally, corticosteroids will reduce synovitis in the majority of patients but the effect is temporary. " 01/01/1997 - "Radiochemical synovectomies have been used for nearly fifty years for the treatment of persistent monoarticular synovitis refractory to antiinflammatory drugs, disease modifying drugs, and intraarticular corticosteroids. " 01/01/1997 - "An early increase in joint stiffness in some patients following intra-articular corticosteroids is consistent with a transient synovitis. "
2.	Antirheumatic Agents (DMARD)IBA 01/01/2013 - "Efficacy of Anti-TNF Agents as Adjunctive Therapy for Knee Synovitis Refractory to Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in Patients with Peripheral Spondyloarthritis." 05/01/2012 - "In patients who received 6 months of combination DMARD treatment, application of the 1981 ACR criteria and the newly proposed 2011 ACR/EULAR criteria, each utilizing full joint counts (which includes assessment of the feet), classified the least number of patients as being in remission (8-10%), and evidence of foot synovitis was minimal among these patients. " 01/01/1986 - "The six-day air pouch model of synovitis in rats was used to study the effects of non-steroidal and anti-rheumatic drugs on cell accumulation and exudate formation. " 04/01/2015 - "This simple culture system might be useful for analyzing the pathogenesis of RA synovitis and for developing antirheumatic drugs." 01/01/2014 - "This may allow further tailoring of DMARD therapy by supporting DMARD escalation in patients with continuing subclinical synovitis and preventing escalation in symptomatic patients with minimal clinical and/or ultrasonographic synovitis."
3.	Uric Acid (Urate)IBA 10/01/2015 - "Each dog was sedated, and synovitis was induced by injection of 1 mL of a sodium urate suspension (20 mg/mL) into the right hip joint under ultrasonographic guidance. " 08/01/2010 - "In the second phase, the same data were gathered immediately before (0 hours) and 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 hours after induction of acute urate synovitis in the left stifle joint. " 08/01/2005 - "Arthroscopy revealed urate crystals surrounded by inflammatory synovitis on the surface of the bipartite patella. " 04/01/2004 - "It is effective after prophylactic and therapeutic administration in attenuating lameness in dogs with urate crystal-induced synovitis. " 04/01/2004 - "In vivo efficacy was evaluated in male mixed-breed dogs with urate crystal-induced synovitis. "
4.	Methotrexate (Mexate)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2001 - "The results of randomized placebo controlled trials have shown that both agents significantly decrease the intensity of synovitis and prevent or retard the progression of cartilage destruction, especially when combined with methotrexate. " 07/01/2014 - "A greater frequency of subclinical synovitis was found in patients with the extended oligoarticular or polyarticular subtypes (p = 0.013), those at an older age at disease onset (p = 0.007) and using methotrexate (p = 0.049). " 04/01/2013 - "Sensitivity and specificity of the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria using different definitions of synovitis to identify patients who developed a disease requiring methotrexate (MTX) treatment within 1 year were 58.5% and 79.4%, respectively, for clinical synovitis (tenderness or swelling), 78.0% and 79.4%, respectively, for ultrasound-detected synovitis with a gray-scale (GS) imaging score≥1 (GS≥1 ultrasound synovitis), and 56.1% and 93.7%, respectively, for GS≥2 ultrasound synovitis or a synovial power Doppler (PD) signal score≥1 (GS≥2/PD≥1 ultrasound synovitis). " 09/01/2006 - "Corticotherapy alone is often efficient in these AOSD form without synovitis, and methotrexate use is uncommon." 06/01/2004 - "To test whether methotrexate prolongs the effect of intra-articular corticosteroid in suppressing knee synovitis. "
5.	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor)IBA 02/01/2003 - "The goal of RA treatment today is to induce a complete remission as early as possible in the disease process, with the mantra being "elimination of synovitis equals elimination of joint destruction." The hope is that if the major mediators of Sjögren syndrome or SLE or scleroderma can be identified and then blocked, as in the example of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in RA, more specific treatments will become available. " 04/01/2015 - "Therefore, we examined if power Doppler-ultrasound (PD-US) outcomes of synovitis in tumor necrosis factor transgenic (TNF-Tg) mice correlate with CE-MRI. " 04/01/2013 - "To identify the contribution of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) to the perpetuation of synovitis, we investigated the molecular mechanisms that govern the tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-driven inflammatory program in human FLS. " 06/01/2012 - "At this time synovitis was already evident, and concomitantly, a significant increase in joint tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). " 01/01/2010 - "These data suggest that 2GF contribute to synovitis by directing synovial fibroblasts toward a more aggressive phenotype in response to TNFalpha. "
6.	meloxicam (Mobic)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/1997 - "Except for propulsion impulse at 24 hours, all GRF variables were significantly greater at all post-synovitis induction times in the group receiving the high meloxicam dose. " 12/01/2013 - "OA rats receiving intra-articular meloxicam treatment showed significantly less cartilage degeneration and synovitis than saline-treated controls. " 01/01/2011 - "Synovial fluid samples were obtained from normal joints of 6 adult horses at baseline (0 hr) and at 8, 24 and 168 hours after experimental induction of transient acute synovitis, with horses treated once daily with oral NSAID (meloxicam, 0.6 mg/kg) or placebo. " 01/01/1999 - "Movalis has a significant antiinflammatory and analgetic effect, improved joint function, diminished severity of arthralgia and synovitis. " 09/01/2009 - "Early oral treatment with meloxicam ameliorates not only clinical signs and joint inflammation in acute synovitis, but may also limit inflammation-induced cartilage catabolism."
7.	infliximab (Remicade)FDA Link 09/01/2008 - "Clinical improvement in the knee synovitis was seen after the first two intra-articular infliximab treatments, with a sustained clinical remission lasting for more than 12 months after the third treatment. " 11/01/2002 - "Recent trials showed that the blockade of TNF with the chimeric antibody infliximab is able to improve both, the skin lesions and the synovitis of the joints. " 12/01/2010 - "Clinical synovitis in a particular joint is associated with progression of erosions and joint space narrowing in that same joint, but not in patients initially treated with infliximab." 07/01/2009 - "Markers remained high even in clinical responders after infliximab, suggesting persistence of synovitis." 01/01/2006 - "Two arthroscopies with multiple biopsies were performed on nine patients with RA and knee-joint synovitis before and after three infusions of infliximab (3 mg/kg). "
8.	amsonic acid (DAS)IBA 10/01/2014 - "This observational study confirms that many patients considered to be in clinical remission according the DAS and the ACR/EULAR definitions still have residual synovitis on US. " 01/01/2008 - "They were able to differentiate patients in remission from patients with active synovitis, according to DAS 28. " 09/01/2014 - "RE, but not the RAMRIS synovitis score, significantly correlated with DAS at baseline, 1 and 6 months (p=0.005, 0.04, and 0.0007, respectively). " 01/01/2012 - "E/H was qualitatively assessed as absent or present, and PD signal was semi-quantitatively graded from 0 to 3. PDUS score for synovitis in 22 joints and GS score for E/H in 28 joints were included in US DAS calculation. " 01/01/2001 - "Statistically significant correlations were found between MRI synovitis count and swollen joint count (p = 0.015) and score (p = 0.019), Ritchie Index (p = 0.035), DAS (p = 0.02) and morning stiffness (p = 0.07). "
9.	C-Reactive ProteinIBA 01/01/2015 - "Since sonographic synovitis predicts erosion better than swollen joint count, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, US should be considered a promising treatment target in RA patients with FM." 03/01/1987 - "This coincided with an improvement in synovitis and also falls in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C reactive protein (CRP). " 09/01/2015 - "Further, NIK expression correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r 0.184, p = 0.024), C-reactive protein (r 0.194, p = 0.017), joint swelling (r 0.297, p < 0.001), synovial immune cell markers (lining r 0.585, p < 0.001; sublining macrophages r 0.728, p < 0.001; T cells r 0.733, p < 0.001; and B cells r 0.264, p = 0.040), MRI effusion (r 0.665, p < 0.001), MRI synovitis (r 0.632, p < 0.001), and MRI total score (r 0.569, p < 0.001). " 06/01/2015 - "Secondary outcomes included RAMRIS synovitis, DAS28, C-reactive protein (CRP) and SDAI at baseline and M6. " 01/01/2015 - "Our results suggest that most investigations performed during the initial work-up in patients suspected transient synovitis of the hip are unnecessary and should routinely include only white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and hip radiography and ultrasonography. "
10.	Penicillamine (Cuprimine)FDA Link 01/01/2003 - "The results of this study suggest that D-penicillamine is an effective and safe drug for the treatment of haemophilic chronic synovitis." 01/22/1983 - "It is therefore suggested that treatment with D-penicillamine reverses the tendency to lose bone mineral improving synovitis, thus leading to improved hand function." 01/01/2003 - "Treatment of chronic haemophilic synovitis in humans with D-penicillamine." 04/01/1990 - "Morphological signs of rheumatoid synovitis have been analysed on the basis of 130 puncture biopsies taken from 46 patients prior to the beginning and during parenteral therapy with auric preparations (crysanolom and myocrysin) and peroral administration of an auric preparation rhidaura and small doses of D-penicillamine. " 01/01/1987 - "Treatment with D-penicillamine diminished the intensity of the erosions of cartilage and subchondral bone, the severity of the inflammatory synovitis, and the loss of chondrocyte clusters found in cartilage sections. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Injections 01/01/2011 - "Ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injections are highly efficacious; furthermore synovitis on ultrasound is a biomarker of response to injection." 01/01/2014 - "Intra-articular corticosteroid injections (IACIs) are considered to be effective for short-term relief of synovitis, however, there appears to be a significant lack of published evidence from comparative effectiveness studies. " 09/01/2011 - "RS is effective in treating haemophilic synovitis and may require 1-3 injections (RS-1, RS-2 and RS-3) spaced 6 months apart. " 04/01/2008 - "Our findings suggest that HA injections are effective in patients whose knees contain low levels of TN-C and C4S, reflecting an early stage of OA and limited synovitis." 01/01/2012 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of ultrasonography (US) with Doppler in diagnosis of synovitis, guidance of steroid injections, and follow-up examinations of the wrist in JIA. "
2.	Intra-Articular Injections 01/01/1977 - "This conditions has been treated by means of intra-articular injection of 198Au in colloidal solution and this treatment has cured the synovitis in 50 per cent of cases and given a notable improvement in about another 40 percent. " 01/01/2015 - "Intraarticular injection of antibiotic-killed S aureus induced mild-to-moderate synovitis and bone erosions that lasted for a minimum of 14 days. " 11/15/2013 - "In conclusion, intra-articular injection of MSC, regardless of cell origin, incited a persistent mononuclear synovitis demonstrating a sustained biologic influence of these cells. " 06/01/2011 - "On the fourth day after initiation of treatment, synovitis was induced via intra-articular injection of SU 1 hour before administration of the last treatment dose. " 07/01/2010 - "In a crossover study design, synovitis was induced in the left or right talocrural joint by means of intra-articular injection of 0.5 ng lipopolyssacharide (LPS). "
3.	Analgesia 01/01/2015 - "In localized, repeated synovitis in rats, sustained release of TCA following a single IA injection of FX006 significantly prolonged analgesia relative to TCA IR and significantly improved histological scores with no adverse effect on the HPA axis. " 01/01/2005 - "Analgesia was assessed as in Part I. Assessments occurred before and at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hours after the induction of synovitis. " 07/01/2010 - "Intra-articular opioid analgesia is effective in reducing pain and inflammation in an equine LPS induced synovitis model." 01/01/2012 - "Efficacy of ABT-116, an antagonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1, in providing analgesia for dogs with chemically induced synovitis." 01/01/2005 - "Epidural ketamine at a dose of 2 mg kg(-1) administered after the development of synovitis does not provide significant levels of analgesia. "
4.	Biological Therapy 08/01/2015 - "To investigate the predictive value of synovitis detected by Doppler US in relation to failed tapering of biologic therapy (BT) in RA patients in sustained clinical remission. " 09/01/2015 - "To investigate by ultrasonography (US) in a cohort of active RA patients starting biologic therapy the responsiveness of tenosynovitis of wrist and hands compared to the responsiveness of synovitis in a 6 month period follow-up, to compare the responsiveness of finger flexor tenosynovitis with the responsiveness of wrist extensor tenosynovitis and to describe the subclinical synovitis and tenosynovitis in RA patients in clinical remission. " 01/01/2015 - "MRI of rheumatoid arthritis:comparing the outcome measures in rheumatology clinical trials (OMERACT) scoring and volume of synovitis for the assessment of biologic therapy." 01/01/2011 - "Change in CD3 positive T-cell expression in psoriatic arthritis synovium correlates with change in DAS28 and magnetic resonance imaging synovitis scores following initiation of biologic therapy--a single centre, open-label study." 09/01/2015 - "Tenosynovitis US scoring systems follow synovitis and clinical scoring systems in RA and are responsive to change after biologic therapy."
5.	Debridement 12/01/2004 - "The results of this study suggest that a preoperative fat-suppressed CE 3D-FSPGR MRI is highly beneficial in diagnosing synovitis and soft-tissue impingement and that arthroscopic debridement of the synovitis or soft-tissue impingement has a good clinical outcome." 09/01/2015 - "Sixty-three patients (63%) had intra-articular synovitis mostly in the anterior and/or anterolateral compartment, which required arthroscopic debridement. " 06/01/2013 - "Results [constant score (CS) and subjective shoulder value (SSV)] were compared to those obtained from a control group (group II) of 20 consecutive patients undergoing arthroscopic debridement for irreparable cuff tear associated with hemorrhagic synovitis with no or slight glenohumeral arthropathy. " 01/01/2013 - "Arthroscopic treatment includes debridement of posteromedial synovitis, loose-body removal, and excision of the olecranon spur. " 10/01/2011 - "Arthroscopic treatment included debridement of posteromedial synovitis, loose body removal, and excision of the olecranon spur. "