Strongyloidiasis

Infection with nematodes of the genus STRONGYLOIDES. The presence of larvae may produce pneumonitis and the presence of adult worms in the intestine could lead to moderate to severe diarrhea.

Also Known As:

Networked: 468 relevant articles (48 outcomes, 44 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Infection
2.	Onchocerciasis
3.	Trichuriasis
4.	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
5.	Helminthiasis (Helminthiases)

Experts

1.	Costa-Cruz, Julia Maria: 11 articles (10/2015 - 07/2003)
2.	Costa-Cruz, Julia M: 7 articles (11/2012 - 10/2007)
3.	Ueta, Marlene T: 6 articles (11/2012 - 09/2005)
4.	Gotuzzo, Eduardo: 5 articles (06/2015 - 03/2002)
5.	Bisoffi, Zeno: 4 articles (11/2015 - 07/2011)
6.	Gonçalves, Ana Lúcia R: 4 articles (10/2015 - 08/2010)
7.	Gonzaga, Henrique Tomaz: 4 articles (01/2014 - 06/2010)
8.	Maleewong, Wanchai: 4 articles (12/2013 - 01/2006)
9.	Ueta, Marlene Tiduko: 4 articles (01/2012 - 09/2003)
10.	Fleckenstein, Lawrence: 4 articles (10/2010 - 07/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Strongyloidiasis:

1.	Ivermectin (Mectizan)FDA Link 12/01/2004 - "In chronic uncomplicated strongyloidiasis, a treatment regimen consisting of ivermectin 200 mug/kg for 2 consecutive days provided the best results with regard to efficacy and tolerability. " 12/01/2004 - "Ivermectin has been shown to be more effective for treating chronic uncomplicated strongyloidiasis. " 01/01/2016 - "Despite the limited published experience of parenteral ivermectin use, there is evidence that it may be a safe and effective treatment for severe strongyloidiasis. " 05/01/2007 - "Parenteral ivermectin is found to be useful in the treatment of disseminated strongyloidiasis. " 07/01/1992 - "[Clinical study of eradicated and resistant patients to treatment with ivermectin for strongyloidiasis]."
2.	Albendazole (Albenza)FDA Link 09/01/1993 - "The clinical efficacy of albendazole (ABZ) in the treatment of chronic uncomplicated strongyloidiasis has been reported to be highly variable. " 01/01/2006 - "A randomized trial study was conducted comparing the efficacy of two high-dose regimens of albendazole for the treatment of uncomplicated human strongyloidiasis. " 03/01/1993 - "Albendazole is effective treatment for chronic strongyloidiasis." 01/01/1988 - "It is concluded that albendazole may be effective treatment for strongyloidiasis if it is given in sufficiently large doses." 05/01/1994 - "A study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of the drug with that of albendazole in the treatment of uncomplicated strongyloidiasis. "
3.	Thiabendazole (Mintezol)FDA Link 01/01/1965 - "Successful therapy of Strongyloidiasis with thiabendazole." 05/01/1981 - "When administered in time, thiabendazole, the drug of choice for strongyloidiasis, was effective in 70% of cases. " 03/01/1991 - "[New trial with thiabendazole for treatment of human strongyloidiasis]." 11/06/1965 - "[Contribution to the study of the therapy of human strongyloidiasis with thiabendazole (MK-360)]." 12/01/2004 - "Treatment of strongyloidiasis has been traditionally based on thiabendazole, despite its frequent gastrointestinal side effects and failure to achieve eradication of the parasite from faeces in approximately 30% of cases. "
4.	Mebendazole (Vermin)FDA Link 02/01/1983 - "Our case illustrates the difficulty of eliminating S stercoralis from a blind loop of the bowel and indicates that mebendazole therapy used in adequate doses is effective treatment for strongyloidiasis. " 06/01/1991 - "[Comparison of efficacy of powder and tablet of mebendazole in the treatment of strongyloidiasis]." 04/01/1991 - "[Treatment of strongyloidiasis with mebendazole--long-term eradication and new trials]." 03/01/1992 - "We treated 245 strongyloidiasis patients with 7 schedules of mebendazole (MBZ) and obtained the eradication rates at 8 months to 2 years after the final treatment as described follows; MBZ (100 mg) was given twice a day orally. " 03/01/1992 - "[Long term eradication rate of mebendazole therapy for strongyloidiasis]."
5.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)IBA 07/01/2004 - "Association of a sex-related difference of Strongyloides stercoralis-specific IgG4 antibody titer with the efficacy of treatment of strongyloidiasis." 09/30/2011 - "The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of IgG avidity to detect patients with active strongyloidiasis and to characterize sources of disagreement between serology and coproparasitology. " 08/01/1994 - "gutturosa extract and serum IgG reactivity to a 41-kD larval component using immunoblotting are sensitive and specific techniques for diagnosing endemic strongyloidiasis." 10/01/1989 - "Thus the continuous antigenic stimulation of chronic strongyloidiasis may result in an enhanced IgG4 subclass response. " 10/01/1989 - "The participation of the four subclasses of IgG in the humoral response to Strongyloides stercoralis was assessed by analyzing total and parasite-specific responses of each IgG subclass in 20 patients with uncomplicated strongyloidiasis and 21 immunocompromised patients with extraintestinal disease. "
6.	CambendazoleIBA 09/01/1983 - "We therefore conclude that cambendazole is at present the most effective agent for the therapy of human strongyloidiasis." 09/01/1983 - "Cambendazole in the treatment of human strongyloidiasis." 01/01/1983 - "Treatment of human strongyloidiasis with cambendazole, a new anthelminthic. " 07/01/1978 - "[Treatment of human strongyloidiasis with a new antihelmintic, cambendazole. " 05/01/1978 - "[Preliminary personal observations on the effectiveness of cambendazole in the treatment of strongyloidiasis]."
7.	Carbon MonoxideIBA 08/01/2011 - "In practice it is, therefore, appropriate to initiate all available measures to eliminate parasites from co-infected hosts although this does present difficulties, and one should not reject the possibility of a diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in the absence of hypereosinophilia. " 01/01/2009 - "The proportion of regulatory T cells was increased in HTLV-1 positive subjects co-infected with strongyloidiasis compared to patients with only strongyloidiasis or asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (median = 17.9% vs. 4.3% vs. 5.9 p<0.05, One-way ANOVA). " 01/01/2009 - "Eosinophil counts were decreased in the HTLV-1 and Strongyloides co-infected subjects compared to strongyloidiasis-only patients (70.0 vs. 502.5 cells/mm(3), p = 0.09, Mann-Whitney test). " 02/01/2005 - "Atypical clinical presentation of strongyloidiasis in a patient co-infected with human T cell lymphotrophic virus type I." 08/01/2011 - "In all cases of chronic strongyloidiasis without hypereosinophilia, co-infection with HTLV-1 should be looked for routinely. "
8.	mecarzole (BMK)IBA 01/01/1993 - "[The efficacy of treating strongyloidiasis patients with medamine]." 03/01/1991 - "[The comparative efficacy of medamine and mintezol in treating strongyloidiasis]."
9.	AntigensIBA 12/01/2011 - "These studies demonstrate that there are redundancies in the mechanisms used by the immune response to kill the parasite and that a vaccine with a single antigen may be suitable as a prophylactic vaccine to prevent human strongyloidiasis." 09/01/2003 - "Routine microscopical examination of stool specimens for diagnosis of strongyloidiasis is insensitive and serological methods using Strongyloides stercoralis antigen are at present not available for field studies. " 11/01/2001 - "Despite these limitations and the need for further study of specificity, these results provide a basis for future development of a diagnostic skin test antigen for strongyloidiasis." 10/01/2015 - "In conclusion, the present results suggest that the fractions obtained from parasitic females, especially the SSF and SMF, could be used as alternative antigen sources in the serodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. " 08/01/2015 - "venezuelensis as an antigen for the immunodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised patients. "
10.	AnthelminticsIBA 08/01/1968 - "[A search for anthelmintics for strongyloidiasis in calves]." 05/01/1982 - "The effects of benzimidazole anthelmintics in murine strongyloidiasis were examined. " 03/01/1989 - "The reports of other studies on the effect of some of the newer benzimidazole antihelmintics as cambendazole, albendazole and flubendazole have shown that they are toxic or less effective in the treatment of strongyloidiasis."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 03/01/2009 - "This study highlights the importance of considering strongyloidiasis in all patients on immunosuppressive drug therapy who present with gastrointestinal symptoms so that the patient can be appropriately investigated and promptly treated. " 12/01/2011 - "Strongyloidiasis was treated before starting chemotherapy. " 11/01/2006 - "Utility of serological follow-up of chronic strongyloidiasis after anthelminthic chemotherapy." 01/01/2004 - "In these cases, the syndromic-and-empiric approach to justifying and performing chemotherapy is recommended due to the inadequate efficiency of parasitological methods for diagnosing strongyloidiasis at the low rate of invasion. " 01/01/1994 - "Reduced efficacy of chemotherapy might accumulate concurrent HTLV-1 infection among strongyloidiasis patients in Okinawa, Japan."
2.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 03/01/2006 - "The results support evidence that serology is a valuable tool in monitoring treatment responses in patients with suspected strongyloidiasis and highlights the need to ensure that S stercoralis is completely eradicated after treatment." 05/01/2014 - "Strongyloides stercoralis serology is a useful diagnostic tool both in the diagnosis of probable strongyloidiasis and follow-up after treatment." 01/01/2008 - "We should consider a diagnosis of strongyloidiasis for any patient from Okinawa prefecture who was an HTLV-1 carrier presenting with unknown origin ileus after treatment of steroid therapy." 05/01/2010 - "The patient was a 59-year-old woman, with a 3-year history of an apparently well controlled lymphoma after treatment with chemotherapy-immunotherapy and then immunotherapy alone, and diagnosis of strongyloidiasis. " 12/01/1988 - "Two patients with mild eosinophilia at presentation were subsequently found to have strongyloidiasis and the eosinophil count rose markedly in one after treatment of malaria. "
3.	Enema (Enemas) 04/01/2003 - "Ivermectin administered as an enema may be beneficial in patients with severe strongyloidiasis who are unable to absorb or tolerate oral therapy."
4.	Transplants (Transplant) 01/01/2009 - "It was the aim of this study to report 3 rare fatal cases of strongyloidiasis in Kuwaiti renal transplant patients. " 05/01/2014 - "Single donor-derived strongyloidiasis in three solid organ transplant recipients: case series and review of the literature." 01/01/2011 - "This report describes a rare case of strongyloidiasis in a 40-year-old male following renal transplant, which was diagnosed by colonoscopic biopsy. " 01/01/2011 - "Prompt diagnosis and treatment of strongyloidiasis in a renal transplant patient." 11/01/2009 - "Strongyloidiasis in transplant patients."
5.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 05/01/2015 - "Fourteen recipients received prophylaxis after transplantation; no recipients developed strongyloidiasis. " 01/01/2014 - "We report two cases of hyperinfection strongyloidiasis in renal transplant recipients and document endoscopic and pathological changes in the involved small bowel. " 01/01/2014 - "Hyperinfection strongyloidiasis in renal transplant recipients." 04/01/2010 - "Uncomplicated strongyloidiasis in a liver transplant recipient on steroid-free immunosuppression." 11/01/2009 - "We review current strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic intestinal strongyloidiasis in patients who will undergo transplantation and discuss the clinical features and management of Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome in transplant recipients."