Spinal Fusion (Spondylosyndesis)

Operative immobilization or ankylosis of two or more vertebrae by fusion of the vertebral bodies with a short bone graft or often with diskectomy or laminectomy. (From Blauvelt & Nelson, A Manual of Orthopaedic Terminology, 5th ed, p236; Dorland, 28th ed)

Also Known As:

Networked: 4431 relevant articles (242 outcomes, 611 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Therapy Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Lenke, Lawrence G: 72 articles (05/2022 - 01/2002)
2.	Sponseller, Paul D: 57 articles (11/2022 - 06/2002)
3.	Newton, Peter O: 46 articles (11/2022 - 01/2006)
4.	Shah, Suken A: 41 articles (11/2022 - 01/2003)
5.	Skaggs, David L: 41 articles (01/2022 - 05/2005)
6.	Bridwell, Keith H: 38 articles (09/2021 - 01/2002)
7.	Cahill, Patrick J: 36 articles (06/2022 - 05/2010)
8.	Samdani, Amer F: 35 articles (11/2022 - 01/2008)
9.	Kwan, Mun Keong: 32 articles (01/2022 - 02/2016)
10.	Chan, Chris Yin Wei: 31 articles (01/2022 - 02/2016)

Related Diseases

1.	Scoliosis 03/01/2002 - "The most effective treatment for severe scoliosis is prevention by intervening with early spinal fusion utilizing segmental instrumentation as soon as curves are ascertained and before the onset of severe pulmonary or cardiac dysfunction." 01/01/2022 - "When combined with other proven Patient Blood Management strategies, the use of high-dose TXA compared to low-dose TXA may be beneficial in reducing blood loss for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing posterior spinal fusion surgery. " 01/01/2022 - "Posterior spinal fusion appears to be effective at correcting scoliosis, and the correction of rib cage deviation also plays an important role." 12/03/2013 - "A combination of selective segmental TLIF and posterior spinal fusion is both safe and effective for degenerative scoliosis and excellent long-term clinical outcomes may be achieved. " 05/01/2021 - "In conclusion, posterior spinal fusion with high-density pedicle screw systems and direct vertebral rotation may be safe and effective in surgical correction of scoliosis in UCMD. "
2.	Pain (Aches) 09/27/2022 - "For good pain control and physical therapy, the fact that early buttock-groin pain after spinal fusion surgery has a 12% likelihood of being due to SIJP and can be relieved with the ultrasound-guided SIJ block is clinically important for diagnosis and pain management." 01/01/2021 - "While spinal fusion in properly selected patients has been shown to be effective in improving pain, function, and quality of life, many patients continue to have reservations regarding the historical morbidity associated with surgical intervention.1 Open lumbar fusion surgery traditionally is perceived as an intervention that is associated with significant pain, recovery time, and risk. " 01/01/2006 - "Of the remaining clinical outcome measures (ODI, pain VAS scores, SF-36 scores [mental and physical components], patient satisfaction, and return to work status), only patient satisfaction and scores on the physical component scale of the SF-36 questionnaire were significantly improved in favour of lumbar ADR compared with spinal fusion at 24 months follow-up. " 09/01/2015 - "Our findings suggested that PCEA may be more effective in relieving pain than PCIA for patients undergoing spinal fusion surgeries." 09/01/2009 - "The anterior column support could maintain the sagittal alignment better than the posterior spinal fusion alone in the long-term follow up period while the VAS of pain was improved in the similar results."
3.	Congenital Abnormalities (Deformity) 07/01/2007 - "After surgery, the patient's neurological deficit dramatically improved and spinal fusion was completed without any loss of deformity correction. " 06/15/1995 - "To determine whether the addition of anterior spinal fusion was beneficial in preventing progressive spinal deformity in the very young patient. " 09/01/2021 - "The purpose of this study was to identify key zones along the spinal fusion where high ID statistically correlated to improved coronal deformity correction. " 02/15/2021 - "The utilization of semitendinosus allograft tendon to augment the PLC at the upper instrumented vertebrae in patients undergoing long-segment posterior spinal fusion for adult deformity resulted in a significant decrease in PJF incidence and improved functional outcomes when compared to a cohort with similar risk of developing PJK and PJFLevel of Evidence: 3." 08/15/2009 - "The overall positive effect of surgery depends on the individual effects of spinal fusion (slight reduction in quality of life) and deformity reduction (modest improvement in quality of life)."
4.	Postoperative Pain 04/01/2007 - "We conclude that PCA is an effective and safe method with high satisfaction rate in postoperative pain control in patients who undergo spinal fusion." 01/01/2016 - "Patient-controlled CEA method is as safe as IV-PCA method and is even more effective than that in controlling immediate post-operative pain in patients treated with posterior spinal fusion." 09/01/2017 - "Cold therapy used in the sports medicine settings has been found to be effective in reducing postoperative pain; however, there are limited studies that examine the effect of cold therapy on postoperative pain in patients with posterior lumbar spinal fusion. " 05/02/2022 - "The placement of bilateral erector spine plane nerve block catheters at the T12 level with an ambulatory infusion pump may help to improve acute postoperative pain management for patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion." 11/10/2022 - "The aim of our study was to determine the predictors and incidence of acute and chronic postoperative pain in adolescents undergoing posterior spinal fusion surgery. "
5.	Infections 09/28/2023 - "Therefore, using a toothbrush to treat spinal infections following spinal fusion surgery appears to have beneficial mechanical debridement effects, resulting in improved clinical results, which were also confirmed based on the electron microscopic images." 01/01/2019 - "Implementation of a multidisciplinary pathway aimed to reduce infection in patients at high risk for SSI after spinal fusion led to a significant reduction in deep SSI rate. " 10/01/1990 - "There was a significantly greater risk of infection in revision total knee replacement (15.3%), ankle fusion (9.3%), subtalar fusion (5.8%), primary total knee replacement (5.7%), spinal fusion (5.7%) and revision total hip replacement (4.5%). " 02/01/2012 - "Although techniques in paediatric spinal fusion have improved with regard to infection prophylaxis, postoperative infection rates range from 0.4% to 8.7%. " 05/30/2023 - "The results of this study suggest that Ag-HA cages can be safely used in spinal fusion procedures and have the potential to prevent postoperative infections, prevent deterioration of the quality of life, and result in favorable outcomes. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Morphine (MS Contin)
2.	Tablets
3.	Opioid Analgesics (Opioids)
4.	Ketamine
5.	Tranexamic Acid (AMCA)
6.	Aminocaproic Acid (6 Aminocaproic Acid)
7.	Buprenorphine (Subutex)
8.	Tramadol (K315)
9.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)
10.	Fibrinogen (Factor I)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Pedicle Screws
2.	Laminectomy
3.	Analgesia
4.	Decompression
5.	Therapeutics