Spectrin

A high molecular weight (220-250 kDa) water-soluble protein which can be extracted from erythrocyte ghosts in low ionic strength buffers. The protein contains no lipids or carbohydrates, is the predominant species of peripheral erythrocyte membrane proteins, and exists as a fibrous coating on the inner, cytoplasmic surface of the membrane.

Also Known As:

Networked: 919 relevant articles (9 outcomes, 61 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Wang, Kevin K W: 18 articles (01/2021 - 12/2005)
2.	Hayes, Ronald L: 17 articles (01/2018 - 01/2004)
3.	Hund, Thomas J: 13 articles (01/2022 - 10/2013)
4.	Gallagher, Patrick G: 13 articles (01/2019 - 11/2002)
5.	Mohler, Peter J: 10 articles (01/2021 - 10/2013)
6.	Liu, Ming Cheng: 10 articles (01/2018 - 12/2005)
7.	Rasband, Matthew N: 9 articles (01/2022 - 02/2015)
8.	Azuma, Mitsuyoshi: 9 articles (09/2015 - 02/2002)
9.	Shearer, Thomas R: 9 articles (09/2015 - 02/2002)
10.	Lambert, Muriel W: 8 articles (01/2018 - 08/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Traumatic Brain Injuries (Traumatic Brain Injury) 04/01/2023 - "The role of spectrin breakdown products in patients with traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis." 01/01/2021 - "Because the degradation of myelin and spectrin occurs over weeks following the first injury, we show that softening of the myelin layer and axonal cortex exposes the microtubules to higher stress during repeated incidences of traumatic brain injuries. " 05/01/2016 - "Role of α-II-spectrin breakdown products in the prediction of the severity and clinical outcome of acute traumatic brain injury." 07/29/2014 - "Alpha II Spectrin breakdown products in immature Sprague Dawley rat hippocampus and cortex after traumatic brain injury." 07/01/2010 - "αII-spectrin breakdown products (SBDPs): diagnosis and outcome in severe traumatic brain injury patients."
2.	Malaria 12/12/2017 - "This study sheds new light on the role of β spectrin during Plasmodium infection and highlights how changes in the erythrocyte cytoskeleton can substantially influence malaria susceptibility with minimal adverse consequences for the host." 05/01/2007 - "Culture studies of Plasmodium falciparum in elliptocytes bearing such elliptocytogenic alleles of spectrin showed that these alleles are supplementary genetic factors of malaria resistance in vitro. " 01/01/2018 - "We demonstrate the validity of Skan's measurements by comparing its output to the established Analyze Skeletons Fiji plugin, and, with a new scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-based method, we confirm that the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum remodels the host red blood cell cytoskeleton, increasing the average distance between spectrin-actin junctions." 12/12/2017 - "Erythrocyte β spectrin can be genetically targeted to protect mice from malaria." 12/01/2015 - "Recent experiments focusing on the malaria-infected RBCs (iRBCs) show that there is a correlation between the elongation of spectrins in the cytoskeletal network and the stiffening of the iRBCs. "
3.	Hereditary Spherocytosis 11/01/1992 - "In the study of a family originating from southern Italy, we show that a 20% deficiency of band 3 with normal spectrin content may be responsible for dominantly inherited hereditary spherocytosis (HS). " 04/01/2022 - "A novel SPTB mutation causes hereditary spherocytosis via loss-of-function of β-spectrin." 12/01/2021 - "The updated beta-spectrin mutations in patients with hereditary spherocytosis by targeted next-generation sequencing." 10/12/2021 - "The new missense mutation p.C183Y was identified using WES in the SPTB gene, which is most likely the cause of clinical symptoms typical of hereditary spherocytosis (membranopathy) due to structural and functional impairments of human β-spectrin. " 10/12/2021 - "Identification of a Novel Mutation of β-Spectrin in Hereditary Spherocytosis Using Whole Exome Sequencing."
4.	Hemolysis 01/01/2013 - "Further investigations revealed spectrin deficiency; the family study demonstrated that the hemolysis was exclusively attributable to HS. " 04/15/1990 - "Comparison with the results of studies of red blood cell membranes with genetically defective or deficient spectrin suggests that a reduction in t 1/2 of 50% is not associated with significant increases in the rate of hemolysis. " 10/01/2018 - "Further, haemolysis in patients with haemoglobinopathy occurred owing to membrane damage due to combined spectrin, band 3 with denatured haemoglobin in the vessel during blood circulation." 04/01/2014 - "These results suggest that upon pressure treatment of tightly agglutinated erythrocytes, the hemolysis is greatly suppressed, but membrane damages occur such as spectrin denaturation and vesiculation." 02/01/2007 - "Exercise-induced hemolysis reflects alterations in erythrocyte membrane spectrins and occurs particularly in the early phase of an ultraendurance race because of a relative older cell population."
5.	Infarction (Infarctions) 01/15/2004 - "Previously, we have shown that infarcts in alpha-spectrin-deficient sph/sph mice become histologically evident beginning at 6 weeks of age. " 12/10/2003 - "One week later, rats underwent MCAO, and brains were collected at 1, 4, 8, 16, and 24 hr. We assessed the temporospatial evolution of infarction volume, DNA fragmentation, and levels of spectrin cleavage products in ischemic cortex. " 10/24/1994 - "In the peri-infarct zone, the levels of spectrin BDPs increased in a biphasic manner. " 10/24/1994 - "Western blotting techniques were used to identify and quantify the amounts of spectrin breakdown products (BDPs) in neocortical samples from the area destined for infarction, the peri-infarct area, and the contralateral hemisphere. " 10/24/1994 - "Substantial increases in spectrin proteolysis were observed within the first few hours of ischemia in the areas that will undergo infarction. "

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6.	Taurine
7.	S-methyl N,N-diethylthiolcarbamate sulfoxide
8.	3,6-dimethylaminodibenzopyriodonium citrate
9.	calpain inhibitors
10.	Lipid Bilayers (Lipid Bilayer)

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