Silymarin

A mixture of flavonoids extracted from seeds of the MILK THISTLE, Silybum marianum. It consists primarily of silybin and its isomers, silicristin and silidianin. Silymarin displays antioxidant and membrane stabilizing activity. It protects various tissues and organs against chemical injury, and shows potential as an antihepatoxic agent.

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Networked: 1151 relevant articles (204 outcomes, 341 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Agarwal, Rajesh: 17 articles (05/2020 - 03/2002)
2.	Oberlies, Nicholas H: 17 articles (01/2019 - 05/2005)
3.	Karimi, Gholamreza: 13 articles (06/2022 - 09/2005)
4.	Polyak, Stephen J: 13 articles (08/2015 - 05/2007)
5.	Gharagozloo, Marjan: 11 articles (01/2022 - 08/2006)
6.	Katiyar, Santosh K: 10 articles (01/2016 - 12/2002)
7.	Graf, Tyler N: 8 articles (01/2019 - 05/2005)
8.	Hawke, Roy L: 8 articles (01/2017 - 09/2008)
9.	Singh, Rana P: 8 articles (12/2008 - 03/2002)
10.	Fried, Michael W: 7 articles (01/2019 - 09/2008)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 02/01/1999 - "Application of silymarin prior to each 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) application resulted in a highly significant protection against tumor promotion in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-initiated mouse skin. " 10/09/1997 - "In OA-caused tumor promotion studies, application of silymarin prior to that of OA in DMBA-initiated mouse skin resulted in a complete protection against tumorigenicity. " 03/01/2002 - "This study reports in vivo therapeutic efficacy of silymarin against skin tumors with mechanistic rationale. " 07/01/2008 - "Silymarin is a known cancer chemopreventive agent, but the relative anticancer efficacy of its constituents is still unknown. " 09/01/2017 - "Also further studies are needed to assess the utility of silymarin in protection against autoimmune, cancer, allergic and other diseases in human subjects."
2.	Liver Cirrhosis (Hepatic Cirrhosis) 04/20/2018 - "Also, silymarin induced a significant improvement of liver cirrhosis compared to PTX. " 03/11/2020 - "The aim of this study was to compare the protective effects of chokeberry juice and silymarin against chemical-induced liver fibrosis in rats. " 04/01/1998 - "Silymarin has protective effects in different experimental conditions, but its efficacy in human liver cirrhosis has not been completely established. " 01/01/1989 - "The efficacy of silymarin treatment in preventing biochemical and histological alterations in CCL4-induced liver cirrhosis in rats was studied. " 12/01/2017 - "Silymarin may reduce liver fibrosis but this remains to be confirmed in a larger trial. "
3.	Inflammation (Inflammations) 01/01/2016 - "The silymarin PLO formulation significantly relieved inflammatory symptoms of AD such as redness, swelling, and inflammation. " 04/01/2007 - "The results suggest that silymarin may be beneficial in the treatment of UVA-induced skin oxidative injury and inflammation. " 01/01/2021 - "Protective Effects of Silymarin Against D-Gal/LPS-Induced Organ Damage and Inflammation in Mice." 08/01/2021 - "Since little is known about its anti-inflammatory properties and healing effects, our study focused on whether or not silymarin components reduce inflammation and support epidermis regeneration. " 12/01/2018 - "The present study evaluated the effects of acute treatment with silymarin, an extract that is obtained from Silybum marianum, on angiogenesis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in normoglycemic and diabetic mice. "
4.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis) 01/01/2019 - "After 48-50 weeks, 4/27 (15%) in the 700 mg dose, 5/26 (19%) participants randomized to 420 mg, and 3/25 (12%) of placebo recipients reached the primary endpoint (p = 0.79) among all randomized participants, indicating no benefit from silymarin in the intention to treat analysis Review by a central pathologist demonstrated that a substantial number of participants (49, 63%) did not meet histological entry criteria and that fibrosis stage improved most in the placebo treated group, although not significantly different from other groups. " 01/01/2020 - "In a pooled analysis of trials in patients with cirrhosis, silymarin treatment was associated with a significant reduction in liver-related deaths. " 07/01/2002 - "Silymarin has so far failed to clearly show an antifibrotic effect in human studies, whereas animal experiments suggest that this mixture of flavolignanes may be beneficial in patients which have not yet developed cirrhosis. " 07/01/2023 - "This review includes 11 clinical trials, of which eight studies including 613 patients assessed the effect of silymarin on cirrhosis. " 01/11/2012 - "This study investigates the anti-inflammatory/anti-fibrotic effects of silymarin and/or PZQ on schistosomal hepatic fibrosis. "
5.	Liver Diseases (Liver Disease) 05/01/2002 - "Silymarin extracted from the milk thistle is most widely subscribed to as a remedy for liver diseases. " 06/01/2010 - "The emergence of silymarin (SMN) as a natural remedy for liver diseases, coupled with its entry into NIH clinical trial, signifies its hepatoprotective potential. " 07/21/2017 - "The trials with adult and elderly patients of both sexes, with Liver Diseases who took oral silymarin supplementation, as extract or isolated, as well as Silymarin combined with other nutrients, were included. " 02/01/2010 - "The goal of this study was to determine whether silymarin has in vitro effects on immune function that might have implications for its potential effect on hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced liver disease. " 01/01/2001 - "Studies in patients with the early onset of liver disease may demonstrate the liver regeneration properties that silymarin is promoted as possessing."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Antioxidants
2.	Silybin (Lagosa)
3.	Flavonoids
4.	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
5.	Lipids
6.	Enzymes
7.	Vitamin E
8.	Curcumin
9.	Flavonolignans
10.	Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
3.	Radiotherapy
4.	Peritoneal Dialysis
5.	Intraperitoneal Injections