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Shwartzman Phenomenon (Shwartzman Reaction)

Hemorrhagic necrosis that was first demonstrated in rabbits with a two-step reaction, an initial local (intradermal) or general (intravenous) injection of a priming endotoxin (ENDOTOXINS) followed by a second intravenous endotoxin injection (provoking agent) 24 h later. The acute inflammation damages the small blood vessels. The following intravascular coagulation leads to capillary and venous THROMBOSIS and NECROSIS. Shwartzman phenomenon can also occur in other species with a single injection of a provoking agent, and during infections or pregnancy. Its susceptibility depends on the status of IMMUNE SYSTEM, coagulation, FIBRINOLYSIS, and blood flow.
Also Known As:
Shwartzman Reaction; Schwartzman Reaction; Phenomenon, Schwartzman; Phenomenon, Shwartzman; Schwartzman Reactions; Schwartzman Phenomenon
Networked: 434 relevant articles (12 outcomes, 28 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1. Shock
2. Sepsis (Septicemia)
3. Necrosis
4. Septic Shock (Toxic Shock Syndrome)
5. Massive Hepatic Necrosis

Experts

1. Kinoshita, Manabu: 5 articles (07/2019 - 02/2005)
2. Seki, Shuhji: 5 articles (07/2019 - 02/2005)
3. Slofstra, Sjoukje H: 4 articles (11/2007 - 01/2003)
4. Spek, C Arnold: 4 articles (11/2007 - 01/2003)
5. ten Cate, Hugo: 4 articles (11/2007 - 01/2003)
6. Motegi, Akira: 3 articles (10/2008 - 02/2005)
7. Nakashima, Hiroyuki: 2 articles (07/2019 - 06/2009)
8. Inatsu, Akihito: 2 articles (06/2009 - 10/2008)
9. Saitoh, Daizoh: 2 articles (06/2009 - 10/2008)
10. Habu, Yoshiko: 2 articles (10/2008 - 02/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Shwartzman Phenomenon:
1. FibrinIBA
2. Fibrinogen (Factor I)FDA Link
3. EndotoxinsIBA
4. Dacarbazine (DIC)FDA LinkGeneric
5. Heparin (Liquaemin)FDA LinkGeneric
6. CortisoneFDA Link
7. CytokinesIBA
8. Complement System Proteins (Complement)IBA
9. SteroidsIBA
10. Dextrans (Dextran)FDA Link

Therapies and Procedures

1. Therapeutics
2. Intravenous Injections
3. Injections
4. Intradermal Injections
5. Sympathectomy (Sympathectomies)