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Sarin

An organophosphorus ester compound that produces potent and irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase. It is toxic to the nervous system and is a chemical warfare agent.

Also Known As:

o-Isopropylmethyl Phosphonofluoridate; ortho-Isopropylmethyl Phosphonofluoridate; Phosphonofluoridate, o-Isopropylmethyl; Phosphonofluoridate, ortho-Isopropylmethyl; o Isopropylmethyl Phosphonofluoridate; ortho Isopropylmethyl Phosphonofluoridate; Phosphonofluoridic acid, methyl-, 1-methylethyl ester

Networked: 259 relevant articles (33 outcomes, 25 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Organic Chemicals: 58
- Organophosphorus Compounds: 163
  - Sarin: 259

Experts

1.	Shih, Tsung-Ming: 8 articles (12/2011 - 03/2003)
2.	Iwanami, Akira: 8 articles (12/2009 - 11/2002)
3.	Kato, Nobumasa: 8 articles (12/2009 - 11/2002)
4.	McDonough, John H: 7 articles (12/2011 - 04/2003)
5.	Yamasue, Hidenori: 7 articles (12/2009 - 07/2003)
6.	Raveh, Lily: 6 articles (07/2015 - 02/2008)
7.	Kassa, Jiri: 6 articles (03/2015 - 07/2005)
8.	Ohtani, Toshiyuki: 6 articles (12/2009 - 07/2003)
9.	Kasai, Kiyoto: 6 articles (12/2009 - 09/2003)
10.	Sopori, Mohan L: 5 articles (01/2014 - 10/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Poisoning 01/01/2002 - "4. The findings confirm that antidotes currently used for nerve agent poisonings are beneficial for the treatment of rats singly or repeatedly exposed to non-convulsive symptomatic or even clinically asymptomatic concentrations of sarin." 03/01/2003 - "In conclusion, this study gives further support to the use of PB against nerve agent poisoning and does not support the hypothesis that delayed symptoms experienced by Persian Gulf War veterans could be due to PB, alone or in association with low-level sarin exposure." 11/01/2001 - "Although the clinical manifestations of acute sarin poisoning have been reported in detail, no comprehensive study of the chronic physical and psychiatric effects of acute sarin poisoning has been carried out. " 01/01/1998 - "A preliminary study on delayed vestibulo-cerebellar effects of Tokyo Subway Sarin Poisoning in relation to gender difference: frequency analysis of postural sway." 06/22/2015 - "The brainstem represents a major tissue area affected by sarin organophosphate poisoning due to its function in respiratory and cardiovascular control. "
2.	Seizures (Seizure) 08/27/2015 - "Whereas previous studies analyzed transcriptomic effects associated with seizing sarin-exposed rats, our study focused on the cohort of sarin-exposed rats that did not develop seizures. " 08/27/2015 - "In rat studies, a median lethal dose of sarin leads to approximately half of the animals developing seizures. " 03/01/2006 - "Histological evaluation of the rat brain, conducted in this study, revealed lack of damage in the hippocampus and piriform cortex with minor lateral ventricles enlargement in few animals following 5 min of sarin-induced seizure activity. " 03/01/2006 - "The current study was aimed to characterize for the first time the alterations in the characteristic neuro-inflammatory markers triggered by sarin exposure in the rat's brain, and to investigate its dependency on seizure duration. " 07/01/2015 - "Rats treated with TA only displayed acute signs of sarin intoxication, 29% died within 24h and the ECoG showed seizures for several hours. "
3.	Miosis 04/01/2012 - "This study was aimed to test the efficacy of short-acting anticholinergic drugs against sarin-induced miosis and visual impairment, which will minimally insult vision. " 06/01/1973 - "Visual acuity after exposure to sarin alone was improved in some instances by the miosis produced.5. It is suggested that unless full dark adaptation is a consideration, treatment of the ophthalmic condition resulting from exposure to this dosage of sarin should be reserved for those experiencing distressing ocular symptoms." 02/28/2008 - "Further, these results extend previous studies indicating that miosis is a valid early indicator for the detection of sarin vapor exposure." 08/01/2015 - "Eye exposure to the extremely toxic organophosphorus sarin results in long-term miosis and visual impairment. " 05/01/2014 - "Efficacy assessment of a combined anticholinergic and oxime treatment against topical sarin-induced miosis and visual impairment in rats."
4.	Respiratory Insufficiency (Respiratory Failure) 01/15/2014 - "The mechanism(s) of sarin-induced respiratory failure is poorly understood. " 01/15/2014 - "The primary route of sarin exposure is through inhalation and, depending on the dose, sarin leads to acute respiratory failure and death. " 11/01/2008 - "Sarin, a highly toxic nerve gas, is believed to cause bronchoconstriction and even death primarily through respiratory failure; however, the mechanism underlying the respiratory failure is not fully understood. " 03/01/1998 - "His muscle weakness disappeared 8 days after exposure to sarin, but respiratory failure rapidly developed, necessitating artificial ventilation within four day after hospitalization on March 28th. " 04/01/2014 - "The chemical warfare agent Sarin (C₄H₁₀FO₂P, O-isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate) is a highly toxic organophosphate that induces rapid respiratory depression, seizures and death within minutes of inhalation. "
5.	Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure) 01/01/2004 - "Intramuscular treatment of rats with 0.5 and 2.0 mg/kg CPA 1 min after sarin poisoning attenuated most cholinergic symptoms and prevented mortality, which seemed to be directly associated with an immediate strong and long-lasting bradycardia and hypotension caused by CPA. " 05/01/1991 - "The mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) response to obidoxime, measured in normal rats, was a transient hypotension, but to sarin an immediate hypertension. " 01/01/2004 - "In conclusion, the present results strongly indicate that bradycardia and hypotension induced by the peripheral adenosine A1 receptor play a prominent role in the therapeutic efficacy of CPA in cases of sarin poisoning."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	VX (EDIM)
2.	Soman
3.	tabun
4.	Oximes
5.	Atropine (Hyoscyamine)
6.	HI 6 (H16)
7.	pralidoxime (Protopam Chloride)
8.	Pyridostigmine Bromide (Pyridostigmine)
9.	cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate (cyclosarin)
10.	Acetylcholinesterase

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Injections
2.	Tourniquets
3.	Therapeutics
4.	Induced Hypothermia
5.	First Aid (Aids, First)