Osteosarcoma (Osteogenic Sarcoma)

A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Also Known As:

Networked: 9412 relevant articles (483 outcomes, 1680 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis)
3.	Sarcoma (Soft Tissue Sarcoma)
4.	Ewing's Sarcoma (Sarcoma, Ewing)
5.	Chondrosarcoma

Experts

1.	Gorlick, Richard: 75 articles (01/2016 - 03/2002)
2.	Picci, Piero: 59 articles (09/2015 - 01/2002)
3.	Ferrari, Stefano: 49 articles (12/2015 - 01/2002)
4.	Bacci, Gaetano: 43 articles (10/2012 - 01/2002)
5.	Tsuchiya, Hiroyuki: 39 articles (01/2016 - 07/2002)
6.	Healey, John H: 35 articles (01/2016 - 03/2002)
7.	Longhi, Alessandra: 34 articles (10/2015 - 01/2002)
8.	Serra, Massimo: 33 articles (12/2015 - 12/2002)
9.	Jeon, Dae-Geun: 33 articles (11/2015 - 06/2007)
10.	Meyers, Paul A: 31 articles (01/2016 - 01/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Osteosarcoma:

1.	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1980 - "Thus, doxorubicin was effective in decreasing the growth of an MSV-M induced osteosarcoma and prolonging survival in the rat while usually failing to suppress CMI against rat osteosarcoma cells." 01/01/1977 - "Adriamycin in combination or alone has proved effective in treating osteogenic sarcoma. " 01/01/1981 - "The results suggest the efficacy of adriamycin in combination with radiation therapy in treatment of osteogenic sarcoma." 01/01/2015 - "In the present study, we investigated the effects of different doses of doxorubicin on proliferation and apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells with or without Notch signaling. " 05/01/2014 - "Doxorubicin (Dox) is a classic chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of osteosarcoma, and certain studies have suggested that Dox induces autophagy. "
2.	Cisplatin (Platino)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2014 - "Only one study, including children with osteosarcoma treated with intra-arterial cisplatin, provided information on tumour response, defined as the number of patients with a good or partial remission. " 01/01/2012 - "Only one study, including children with osteosarcoma treated with intra-arterial cisplatin, provided information on tumour response, defined as the number of patients with a good or partial remission. " 01/01/2014 - "The introduction of cisplatin has improved the long-term survival rate in osteosarcoma patients. " 10/01/2012 - "Nevertheless, which role of c-Met activation in cisplatin efficacy against osteosarcoma cells remains still elusive. " 01/01/2015 - "The aim of this study was to uncover that unfolded protein response (UPR) contributed to the development of cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma. "
3.	Methotrexate (Mexate)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2014 - "Because the incidence rate of renal impairment is 2-10% for patients treated with high-dose methotrexate and renal impairment develops in 0-12.4% of patients treated for osteosarcoma, we sought to evaluate the efficacy of glucarpidase, a recently approved drug that rapidly hydrolyzes methotrexate to inactive metabolites, which allows for nonrenal clearance in patients with delayed renal methotrexate elimination. " 12/01/2009 - "High-dose methotrexate is effective in osteosarcoma so what is the problem?" 07/01/1994 - "The influence of methotrexate (MTX) pharmacokinetic parameters on the efficacy of high-dose MTX (HDMTX) in osteosarcoma was analyzed. " 01/01/1990 - "Although high-dose methotrexate has been shown to be useful in the treatment of primary osteogenic sarcoma, the tumoricidal effects of therapy appear to have caused a fatal rise in intracranial pressure." 01/01/1978 - "Degradation and clearance of methotrexate in children with osteosarcoma receiving high-dose infusion."
4.	IfosfamideFDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2005 - "To explore the effect of high-dose ifosfamide in first-line treatment for patients < or = 40 years of age with nonmetastatic osteosarcoma of the extremity. " 07/01/1998 - "In this review, recent advances in the clinical therapy of osteosarcoma, including results from the European Osteosarcoma Intergroup trial demonstrating the efficacy of a short intensive two drug protocol are discussed as well the evolving role of ifosfamide. " 01/01/2014 - "This systemic analysis suggests that ifosfamide-containing regimens are associated with good response rate and acceptable toxicity in treating patients with osteosarcoma, but this result should be confirmed by randomized clinical trials." 01/01/2014 - "When ifosfamide-containing regimens were evaluated, 4 clinical studies which including 134 patients with osteosarcoma were considered eligible for inclusion. " 01/01/2014 - "Clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of Ifosfamide-containing regimen on response and safety for patients with osteosarcoma were identified by using a predefined search strategy. "
5.	Carboplatin (JM8)FDA LinkGeneric 01/05/2016 - "The DBTsbz is more effective then carboplatin against canine osteosarcoma. " 01/01/2013 - "To determine demographic data, prognostic factors and outcome of childhood osteosarcoma treated with a carboplatin-based chemotherapeutic protocol at Chiang Mai University. " 01/15/2011 - "To determine outcomes and prognostic factors for those outcomes in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma treated with curative-intent surgery and adjuvant carboplatin. " 01/15/2011 - "Predictors of outcome in dogs treated with adjuvant carboplatin for appendicular osteosarcoma: 65 cases (1996-2006)." 08/01/2008 - "Influence of carboplatin infusion on osteosarcoma blood flow."
6.	muramylNAc-Ala-isoGln-Lys-tripeptide-PEIBA 01/01/2015 - "This analysis found that the pivotal clinical trial for mifamurtide in osteosarcoma had the largest number of patient-years of follow-up, despite a small eligible patient population, showing that it is possible to conduct studies with an adequate patient population size and duration of follow-up in patient-years, and a comparative design with clinical, survival-based, endpoints." 01/01/2015 - "In terms of patient-years, the longest duration of follow-up was seen in the pivotal trial of mifamurtide in osteosarcoma, which had 4068 patient-years; excluding this trial, follow-up ranged from 308 to 2906 patient-years (median 1796 years). " 02/01/2014 - "Mifamurtide in metastatic and recurrent osteosarcoma: a patient access study with pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and safety assessments." 01/01/2014 - "Phase II studies showed decreased risk of further recurrence in patients who received mifamurtide after surgical ablation of metastatic osteosarcoma. " 02/01/2011 - "Information about potential benefit regarding mifamurtide use in the neoadjuvant setting (i.e., before surgery) and/or usefulness of L-MTP-PE in metastatic in relapsed and metastatic osteosarcoma requires analysis of expanded access and/or future clinical trials of L-MTP-PE in high-burden and low-burden situations."
7.	Liposomes (Liposome)IBA 01/15/2015 - "The PEGylated liposome successfully delivered the anticancer drugs in the osteosarcoma tumor interstitial spaces via EPR effect. " 02/15/2012 - "Hybrid liposomes inhibit growth and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells leading to apoptosis." 10/01/2011 - "Our results indicate that siRNAs could be delivered using cationic liposomes and thereby could inhibit Rankl production in a specific manner in osteosarcoma models. " 04/01/2007 - "Bax gene therapy for human osteosarcoma using cationic liposomes in vivo." 08/01/2005 - "Hence, since not only apoptosis but also caspase-independent cell death is induced in HOSM-1 cells, we anticipate that Bax gene therapy with cationic liposomes will be useful for osteosarcoma."
8.	gemcitabineFDA Link 08/01/2007 - "Corruption of the Fas pathway delays the pulmonary clearance of murine osteosarcoma cells, enhances their metastatic potential, and reduces the effect of aerosol gemcitabine." 01/01/2014 - "In gemcitabine based regimens, 4 clinical studies which included 66 patients with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma were considered eligible for inclusion. " 01/01/2014 - "Clinical studies evaluating the impact of gemcitabine based regimens on response and safety for patients with osteosarcoma were identified by using a predefined search strategy. " 01/01/2014 - "This systemic analysis suggests that gemcitabine based regimens are associated with mild activity with good tolerability in treating patients with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma." 01/01/2014 - "Gemcitabine for the treatment of patients with osteosarcoma."
9.	Leucovorin (Folinic Acid)FDA Link 10/01/1993 - "A clinical study was conducted to determine if l-leucovorin was as safe and efficacious as d,l-leucovorin in the rescue of patients with osteosarcoma who were treated with HDMTX (12.5 g/m2 over 6 h). " 10/01/1993 - "Due to the low incidence of osteosarcoma, a control group of patients previously treated with d,l-leucovorin was utilized for comparison. " 05/01/1988 - "In this paper 15 patients with osteogenic sarcoma treated from March 1982 to March 1986 by high dose MTX with citrovorum factor rescue after surgery are reported. " 01/01/1988 - "The area under the data curve from start of the MTX infusion until the beginning of folinic acid rescue administration was significantly higher in patients with osteogenic sarcoma (6-h infusions), while the area under the log-data curve was significantly longer in the ALL group (24-h infusions) for the same period. " 01/01/1983 - "A prospective study of the adequacy of CNS rescue of MTX biochemical toxicity by oral leucovorin was undertaken in newly diagnosed neurologically normal osteosarcoma patients. "
10.	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)IBA 06/01/2008 - "The purpose of this study was to correlate pretreatment serum concentrations of VEGF in dogs with osteosarcoma (OSA) with disease-free interval (DFI) and overall survival (OS). " 11/01/2012 - "The development of novel therapies to target the VEGF pathway in osteosarcoma may lead to improved survival." 01/01/2015 - "Therefore, our study showed that the AA and CA+AA genotypes of the VEGF -2578C/A polymorphism might modify the risk of osteosarcoma in a Chinese population." 01/01/2015 - "The aim of this study was to assess the role of the VEGF -2578C/A, +936C/T, and -460T/C gene polymorphisms in the development of osteosarcoma. " 01/01/2015 - "In conclusion, our study suggests that the TT genotype of VEGF +936C/T genetic variants is associated with an increased risk of osteosarcoma. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/2015 - "The survival of patients who present with nonmetastatic extremity osteosarcoma has dramatically improved, but there are some patients who do not respond to chemotherapy. " 12/01/2010 - "The survival rate for children with osteosarcoma (OS) has improved dramatically with the introduction of multiagent chemotherapy. " 01/01/2009 - "With the introduction of effective systemic chemotherapy, the prognosis for patients with osteosarcoma has improved dramatically. " 01/01/2009 - "The introduction of multi-agent chemotherapy dramatically improved the outcome for patients with osteosarcoma. " 01/01/2009 - "Although chemotherapy has improved the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients dramatically after introduction of neo-adjuvant therapy in the early 1980's, the outcome has since reached plateau at approximately 70% for 5 year survival. "
2.	Adjuvant Chemotherapy 10/01/2002 - "The efficacy of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy has been clearly established in the treatment of osteosarcoma; however, the most active regimen remains to be identified. " 08/01/2002 - "The probability for survival of patients with highly malignant osteosarcoma of the extremities was essentially improved by (neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy. " 07/01/1989 - "Major advances in both reconstructive surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy have dramatically improved the disease-free survival rate and the quality of life in patients with osteosarcoma." 09/01/1994 - "Adjuvant chemotherapy is currently employed in the treatment of patients with osteosarcoma, but the drug regimens, although effective in improving disease-free survival, are unsuccessful in 20-40% of patients and very toxic. " 11/01/1980 - "A review of the steps by which the current adjuvant chemotherapy programs for osteosarcoma (COMPADRI-V) evolved over the past 19 years indicates that among the important concepts incorporated into the program are demonstration of antitumor activity of each component, adequate evaluation of patient tolerance of the treatment regimen, progressive improvement in documented treatment results, and concomitant utilization of pharmacokinetic information. "
3.	Limb Salvage 02/01/1995 - "Improved concepts of en bloc resection and better reconstructive techniques suggest that limb-salvage procedures are not only possible but can provide excellent functional result in patients with osteosarcoma. " 12/01/2012 - "To evaluate the efficacy of transposition of the medial gastrocnemius muscle flap in the limb-salvage operation for proximal tibial osteosarcoma. " 08/01/2008 - "Further, the prognosis of patients with proximal tibial osteosarcoma is improved and the chance of survival with limb salvage surgery is increased. " 05/01/2014 - "While limb salvage surgery has long been established as the standard of care for osteosarcoma, large studies from Indian centers are few. " 09/01/2013 - "The aim of this study was to assess a specific protocol for the treatment of patients with a parosteal osteosarcoma of the distal femur with limb salvage involving hemicortical resection and reconstruction using recycled pasteurised autograft and internal fixation. "
4.	Amputation 07/01/1990 - "Amputation is still necessary to achieve disease-free margins in some patients with osteogenic sarcoma. " 06/01/1978 - "Osteosarcoma: improved survival with anticoagulation and amputation." 03/01/2007 - "The objectives of the study were to compare the results of surgical procedures, amputation and limb-sparing surgery, and to assess the influence of preoperative chemotherapeutic regimens on the survival of pediatric patients with osteosarcoma. " 12/01/1995 - "The results of the first trial confirm our previous observation that L-MTP-PE has antimetastatic activity in dogs with osteosarcoma when given following amputation. " 11/01/1983 - "In order to accurately assess its therapeutic effect, histological studies were conducted on 9 patients who underwent en bloc resection or amputation following irradiation treatment for osteosarcoma. "
5.	Heterologous Transplantation (Xenotransplantation) 01/01/1991 - "When a single dose of rTNF alpha (50 micrograms kg-1) was given at the same time as labelled NCRC-2 antibody there was a significant reduction in localisation into 788T osteosarcoma xenografts. " 01/01/2004 - "This panel of xenografts should constitute a good tool for pharmacological and molecular studies in osteosarcoma." 09/01/2000 - "Furthermore, this study emphasizes that physiological parameters might differ significantly between human osteosarcoma xenografts grown subcutaneously versus orthotopically in nude mice." 09/01/2000 - "To study the influence of the microenvironment, the IFP was measured in human osteosarcoma xenografts grown both subcutaneously and orthotopically. " 01/28/2016 - "Here, using osteosarcoma cell lines and a mouse xenograft model, we show that exposure to conventional chemotherapeutics induces a phenotypic cell transition toward a stem-like phenotype. "