Salpingitis

Inflammation of the uterine salpinx, the trumpet-shaped FALLOPIAN TUBES, usually caused by ascending infections of organisms from the lower reproductive tract. Salpingitis can lead to tubal scarring, hydrosalpinx, tubal occlusion, INFERTILITY, and ectopic pregnancy (PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC)

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Networked: 324 relevant articles (20 outcomes, 25 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Endometritis
2.	Endometrial Neoplasms (Endometrial Cancer)
3.	Infection
4.	Endometriosis (Adenomyosis)
5.	Parametritis (Pelvic Cellulitis)

Experts

1.	Cohen, Craig R: 3 articles (01/2011 - 12/2004)
2.	Debattista, Joseph: 2 articles (04/2011 - 06/2003)
3.	Timms, Peter: 2 articles (04/2011 - 06/2003)
4.	Stamm, Walter E: 2 articles (01/2011 - 04/2006)
5.	Mugo, Nelly R: 2 articles (01/2011 - 04/2006)
6.	Gichuhi, Joseph W: 2 articles (01/2011 - 04/2006)
7.	Nguti, Rosemary: 2 articles (01/2011 - 04/2006)
8.	Kalir, Tamara: 2 articles (04/2007 - 10/2006)
9.	Velasquez, Luis A: 2 articles (01/2007 - 01/2003)
10.	Christodoulides, Myron: 2 articles (01/2007 - 01/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Salpingitis:

1.	Doxycycline (Vibramycin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1986 - "Evaluation of doxycycline in the treatment of chlamydial salpingitis." 06/01/1982 - " Patients who developed acute salpingitis were treated with doxycycline. " 10/01/1983 - " For acute salpingitis without peritonitis, therapy is with doxycycline. " 11/15/1977 - "Clinical response of patients with gonococcal endocervicitis and endometritis-salpingitis-peritonitis to doxycycline." 02/01/1993 - "It is concluded that in most patients who had acute salpingitis associated with pretreatment high titers of serum antichlamydial antibodies, posttreatment titers may remain high even if treatment with doxycycline results in complete resolution of clinical signs and symptoms of the disease."
2.	Oral ContraceptivesIBA 03/01/1994 - "In this study, the effects of oral contraceptives on the clinical course of acute chlamydial salpingitis were investigated. " 03/01/1994 - "Oral contraceptives do not alter the course of experimentally induced chlamydial salpingitis in monkeys." 07/01/1988 - "Chlamydial salpingitis in female guinea pigs receiving oral contraceptives." 07/27/1985 - " In 1977, 1/2 of women aged 15-44 used oral contraceptives (OCs); in 1981, this figure was only 1/3. IUD use involves increased risk of salpingitis (1.8-9.3%) and extrauterine pregnancies. " 12/01/1980 - "It was shown furthermore that the use of the oral contraceptives decreases the risk of salpingitis by two thirds. "
3.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 09/01/1993 - "[Medical management of chronic Chlamydia trachomatis salpingitis resistant to usual antibiotics. " 03/01/1992 - "[Can various antibiotics be combined for treating salpingitis?]." 11/01/1986 - "Combination of bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotics in the treatment of acute salpingitis." 06/28/1985 - "Choice of antibiotics and length of therapy in the treatment of acute salpingitis." 11/18/1983 - "Failure of beta-lactam antibiotics to eradicate Chlamydia trachomatis in the endometrium despite apparent clinical cure of acute salpingitis."
4.	PivampicillinIBA 01/01/1980 - "The efficacy of pivampicillin, administered in a dose of 350 mg three times daily or 500 mg twice daily, was compared in 107 patients with acute salpingitis. " 01/01/1980 - "Treatment of salpingitis with pivampicillin. " 03/30/1977 - "[Clinical evaluation of pivampicillin and doxycycline treatment in salpingitis]." 01/01/1980 - "The efficacy of 500 mg pivampicillin twice daily, 350 mg pivampicillin 3-times daily and 100 mg doxycycline daily was compared in 106 patients with salpingitis, parametritis or endometritis. "
5.	Cefoxitin (Cefoxitin Sodium)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/1979 - "In this investigation, the efficacy and safety of cefoxitin was evaluated in 109 patients--68 with salpingitis, 25 with endomyometritis, 9 with pelvic cellulitis, and 7 with pelvic abscesses. " 01/01/1990 - "A total of 54 women with acute salpingitis were treated intravenously with ampicillin/sulbactam or cefoxitin in a prospective, randomized, ongoing study. " 09/01/1990 - "Patients with uncomplicated pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) (acute salpingitis and no pelvic masses) were randomly assigned for treatment with either cefotaxime or cefoxitin. " 10/01/1983 - " For acute salpingitis with peritonitis, in order to preserve fallopian structure and function, there has to be adequate coverage for principal venereal pathogens, and treatment is a combination of cefoxitin and doxycycline. " 02/01/1983 - "There were 23 patients in the piperacillin group (acute salpingitis, 12; endomyometritis, 7; pelvic cellulitis, 2; tuboovarian abscess, 2) and 25 patients in the cefoxitin group (acute salpingitis, 13; endomyometritis, 10; tuboovarian abscess, 2). "
6.	AntibodiesIBA 11/15/1984 - "Serum antibodies seemed to offer some protection against salpingitis in chlamydia-positive cases, whereas local antibodies did not." 04/25/1987 - "[Diagnostic value of the study of anti-Chlamidia antibodies in salpingitis. " 04/01/1998 - "trachomatis and hsp60 epitope antibodies had an increased prevalence over controls of salpingitis, pelvic adhesions or history of PID (P < 0.05). " 09/01/1989 - "A protective effect associated with chlamydial serum antibodies had previously been observed in salpingitis cases. " 06/01/1987 - "In the subgroup of infertile women, the geometric mean titre of antibodies to chlamydiae correlated significantly with the presence of chronic salpingitis (p less than 0.005). "
7.	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination (Co-amoxiclav)FDA Link 01/01/1988 - "These results demonstrate that Augmentin is as effective as the combined therapy in treating acute salpingitis and with the added advantage of its easy use and lower cost." 12/01/1989 - "78 cases of acute salpingitis were treated with the association Oflocet-Augmentin in a multicenter study. " 04/01/1987 - "41 cases of acute salpingitis were treated: either with the combination Augmentin + Tetracycline (A + T) including 21 severe cases treated intravenously for 4 days, then per os and 10 moderate cases treated per os from the beginning-or by Augmentin alone (A) per os for 10 other moderate cases. " 04/01/1987 - "[Treatment of acute salpingitis with a combination of augmentin and synthetic tetracycline or augmentin alone]." 01/01/1988 - "An open randomised comparative trial of the efficacy and safety of Augmentin as against the triple therapy of penicillin-gentamicin-metronidazole in acute salpingitis was conducted in forty women admitted to hospital. "
8.	Metronidazole (Metric)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1990 - "One was a severe pelvic infection following vaginal hysterectomy, which responded to the addition of metronidazole, the other was due to a chlamydial salpingitis, which was cured with a 10-day course of doxycycline. " 01/01/1988 - "An open randomised comparative trial of the efficacy and safety of Augmentin as against the triple therapy of penicillin-gentamicin-metronidazole in acute salpingitis was conducted in forty women admitted to hospital. " 03/01/1992 - "110 patients suffering from laparoscopical verified salpingitis and desire for a baby, were treated with tetracycline (oxytetracycline or doxycycline; TC)/metronidazole (n = 67), augmentan (n = 22) or cipropfloxacin/metronidazole (n = 21). " 03/01/1992 - "[Treatment of acute salpingitis with tetracycline/metronidazole with or without additional balneotherapy, Augmentin or ciprofloxacin/metronidazole: a second-look laparoscopy study]."
9.	Ampicillin (Omnipen)FDA LinkGeneric 01/20/1971 - "[Ampicillin in the treatment of gonorrheal salpingitis]." 01/01/1986 - "It is concluded that sulbactam/ampicillin is an effective treatment for nonchlamydial salpingitis." 01/01/1989 - "Treatment of acute salpingitis with sulbactam/ampicillin." 01/01/1986 - "Treatment of acute salpingitis with sulbactam/ampicillin. " 01/01/1990 - "The combination of sulbactam-ampicillin was compared to cefoxitin for the treatment of acute salpingitis in 40 women divided into two groups of 20 women each. "
10.	SulbactamFDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1986 - "It is concluded that sulbactam/ampicillin is an effective treatment for nonchlamydial salpingitis." 01/01/1989 - "Treatment of acute salpingitis with sulbactam/ampicillin." 01/01/1986 - "Treatment of acute salpingitis with sulbactam/ampicillin. " 01/01/1990 - "The combination of sulbactam-ampicillin was compared to cefoxitin for the treatment of acute salpingitis in 40 women divided into two groups of 20 women each. " 01/01/1989 - "The combination of sulbactam/ampicillin was compared to cefoxitin for the treatment of acute salpingitis in 40 women divided into two groups of 20 women each. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Intradermal Injections 05/01/1995 - "Preliminary studies in susceptible C3H mice indicated that intradermal injection of peptide conferred some protection against the development of salpingitis. "
2.	Vaginal Hysterectomy 09/01/1984 - " The recommendations include the following: all patients with a prosthetic cardiac valve should receive antibiotic prophylaxis for endometrial biopsy, insertion of IUD, urethral catheterization, dilation and curettage, hysterectomy, normal vaginal delivery, cesarean section, and sigmoidoscopy (category 1); premenopausal patients undergoing vaginal hysterectomy , with or without vaginal repair, should receive prophylactic antibiotics (category 1); and postmenopausal patients, with or without estrogen replacement therapy, may receive prophylaxis (category 2); regarding abdominal hysterectomy, patients with valvular heart disease, low socioeconomic status, cervical conization preceding hysterectomy from 2-21 days, or underlying conditions making a prolonged or difficult operation likely may benefit from prophylaxis (category 2); for elective abortion, patients with valvular heart disease, or a history of acute salpingitis may benefit from prophylaxis (category 2); patients undergoing surgical management of infertility secondary to endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, or distorted tubal architecture may benefit from prophylaxis; and regarding cesarean section, indigent or medically compromised patients with rupture of membranes over 8 hours and labor only 12 hours should receive prophylaxis (category 1)." 01/01/1990 - "One was a severe pelvic infection following vaginal hysterectomy, which responded to the addition of metronidazole, the other was due to a chlamydial salpingitis, which was cured with a 10-day course of doxycycline. "
3.	Bed Rest (Bedrest) 07/01/1977 - "Good results in the treatment of acute salpingitis depend upon: (1) early diagnosis, (2) hospitalization and bed rest, (3) the use of antibiotic therapy that takes into account the polymicrobial etiology of acute salpingitis, (4) prevention of recurrent episodes of salpingitis through efforts at patient education and identification and treatment of sexual partners. "
4.	Tubal Sterilization (Tubal Ligation) 01/01/2004 - "In enterobiosis, presence of adult worms and eggs in fallopian tube, can be followed by chronic salpingitis and tubal occlusion. " 07/01/1999 - "A woman who had undergone tubal ligation and abstained from intercourse for over two years developed group A streptococcal salpingitis. " 10/01/1998 - "trachomatis is associated with chronic salpingitis and/or salpingitis isthmica nodosa with tubal occlusion." 10/01/1998 - "Fifty-six consecutive infertile women with histologically documented chronic salpingitis and/or salpingitis isthmica nodosa and bilateral tubal occlusions were evaluated. " 02/01/1997 - "Among women with acute salpingitis, tubal occlusion was associated positively with older age, palpable adnexal mass, and moderate to severe pelvic adhesions; negative associations were found with abdominal rebound tenderness, mean abdominal-pelvic tenderness score, pelvic-abdominal exudate, and isolation of either Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis. "
5.	Laparotomy 12/01/2015 - "She ultimately underwent an exploratory laparotomy and was diagnosed with acute bilateral salpingitis. " 05/01/1989 - "Streptococcus pyogenes group A was grown from blood cultures taken at the onset of illness, and salpingitis was confirmed at laparotomy. " 01/01/1987 - "Scraping or sampling of the tubal epithelium by biopsy may provide diagnostic material in acute salpingitis and PID and should be considered if laparoscopy or laparotomy are performed. " 06/01/1984 - "Microbiopsies of 191 fimbriae were obtained from 146 patients undergoing laparotomy for acute salpingitis, or tubal surgery after salpingitis. " 01/01/1980 - "Out of a series of 50 salpingitis, we have made bacteriological swabs of tubes and peritoneum in 37 cases (25 cases by laparoscopy and 2 cases by laparotomy). "